We studied the formation in a salt-free solution of complexes between potassium poly(vinyl alcohol) sulfate (KPVS), strong polyelectrolyte, and proteins with known amino-acid sequences: papain, human serum albumin, lysozyme, ribonuclease, trypsin, pepsin. Turbidimetric titration, together quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS), static (SLS), electrophoretic scattering, was performed at pH 2, order to completely protonate basic groups so facilitate determination their total cationic charge....

Four polyelectrolyte gels consisting of acrylic acid (AA) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPA) were prepared using the following methods: (i) usual redox polymerization an aqueous solution containing NIPA, AA, N,N'-methylenebis(acrylamide) (cross-linker) which was initiated by a pair ammonium persulfate N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine; (ii) same method as employed in except for use poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) instead AA monomer; (iii) gelation polymer NIPA (PNIPA) PAA with γ-ray irradiation...

Enzymatic removal of various phenol compounds from artificial wastewater was undertaken by the combined use mushroom tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1) and chitosan beads as function pH value, temperature, dose, hydrogen peroxide-to-substrate ratio. Chitosan film incubated in a p-crersol+tyrosinase mixture had main peaks at 400-470 nm assigned to chemically adsorbed quinone derivatives, which increased over immersion time. These results indicate that is caused their tyrosinase-catalyzed oxidation...

In the motion control field, a disturbance observer-based canceling is often used as robust methodology. However, this method nothing more than an alternative design of integral controller, and stability issue cannot be directly accounted for. paper, extended H/sub /spl infin// scheme proposed new which achieves cancellation ability guarantees automatically.

Complexation between human serum albumin (HSA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was studied using different experimental techniques: quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS), static (SLS), electrophoretic (ELS), dialysis, fluorescence spectroscopy. The QELS study for aqueous HSA−PEG mixtures at levels of pH ionic strength (NaCl) showed the formation a water-soluble complex, size which varied depending on both molecular weight PEG but remained unaltered when mixing ratio to HSA varied....

Hydrogel encapsulation is a rational approach that facilitates three-dimensional inoculation, arrangement, and culture of living mammalian cells for biomedical applications. However, strategies to form capillary-like conduits in hydrogels remain challenging due low spatial resolution difficulty controlling the location multiple cell types. Herein, we propose highly unique process constructing hydrogel sponges with tailored pore densities using finely fragmented microfibers as sacrificial...

We determined the number of reacted and unreacted 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) molecules with calcium during demineralization process hydroxyapatite or dentin by 10-MDP-based one-step (Clearfil Tri-S Bond, TS) two-step self-etch adhesive SE Bond Primer, SE). then examined effects and/or 10-MDP on initial bond strength durability resultant layer. The null hypotheses were that (1) etching efficacy tooth apatite used in TS was same as SE, (2) polymer included within...

A cationic polyelectrolyte gel was prepared through the cross-linking of linear poly(ethylenimine) (LPEI) with ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether. The degree ca. 12% by means elemental analysis. pH change cycle (3 to 12 and vice versa) brought about a discontinuous transition near 5.9 (swelling) 10.7 (deswelling); thus, large hysteresis appeared in swelling curves. In contrast, underwent continuous swelling−deswelling without during cyclical NaCl concentration from 0 0.1 M versa. careful...

In this paper, the authors develop a new design method of reference trajectory for hard disk drives. The control input is assumed to be generated through zero-order-hold and designed so that frequency component minimized over desired points. Input constraints can also incorporated into design. Simulation results are shown evaluate effectiveness proposed method.

Abstract The photograftings of methacrylic acid (MAA), acrylic (AA), methacrylamide (MAAm), and acrylamide (AAm) as hydrophilic monomers onto polyethylene (PE) plates were carried out in the liquid phase. contact‐angle measurement surface analysis by ESCA reveal that grafted amount at which PE was fully covered with chains increased order MAA > AA MAAm almost same contact angles became constant. grafting AAm not sufficient to modify properties PE. But required smallest obtain adhesive...

This paper presents autonomous control for micro-flying robot (muFR) and small helicopter X.R.B. In case of natural disaster like earthquake, a MAV is very effective surveying the site environment in dangerous area or narrow space, where human cannot access safely. addition, it help to prevent secondary disaster. concerned with hovering control, guidance muFR, automatic takeoff landing X.R.B

Enzymatic removal of p-alkylphenols from aqueous solutions was investigated through the two-step approach, quinone conversion with mushroom tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1) and subsequent adsorption derivatives enzymatically generated on chitosan beads at pH 7.0 45 °C as optimum conditions. This technique is quite effective for various an solution. The % values 97–100% were obtained p-n-alkylphenols carbon chain lengths 5 to 9. In addition, other enhanced by increasing either concentration or...

Systematic investigations were carried out to determine the optimum process parameters such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration, concentration and molar mass of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) an additive, pH value, temperature enzyme dose for treatment bisphenol A (BPA) with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The HRP-catalysed BPA was effectively enhanced by adding PEG, completely converted into phenoxy radicals HRP 0.10 U/cm3. conditions at 0.3 mM determined be H2O2 mg/cm3 PEG a 1.0 x 10(4)...

Abstract This study investigated the activity of trypsin that had been covalently immobilized onto acrylic acid (AA)– and methacrylic (MAA)–grafted polyethylene (PE) plates—PE– g –PAA PE– –PMAA—using a water‐soluble carbodiimide as coupling agent, function amount, grafted pH value on immobilization, temperature at measurement. The plates 6.0 decreased with an increase in amount because crowding molecules vicinity surfaces PAA layers. resulted decrease diffusivity BANA caused by formation...

The purpose of the head positioning control hard disk drives is to move magnetic onto desired track swiftly and keep it on precisely against various disturbances plant uncertainty at high frequency. authors apply H/sup infinity / drives. To obtain a good transient response, they adopt two-degree freedom scheme. experimental results show favorable performance indicate very promising future for application theory systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...

This paper proposes a new design method of track-seeking trajectory for hard disk drives by using final-state control method. The proposed can obtain feedforward input whose frequency components are minimum at the desired points. In our approach, is evaluated in continuous-time domain, and higher than Nyquist be also optimized. Simulation experimental results shown to evaluate effectiveness

Abstract Expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (ePTFE) films grafted with 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and acrylate (HEA) were applied to a polymer support for urease immobilization. The HEMA‐ HEA‐grafted ePTFE (ePTFE‐ g ‐PHEMA ePTFE‐ ‐PHEA) prepared by the combined use of plasma treatment photografting possessed high water‐absorptivities. Imidazole groups introduced PHEMA PHEA chains 1,1′‐carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) in acetonitrile. activity covalently immobilized ‐PHEA pH 7.0 buffer at...

A power assist system for automobile slide doors that can provide comfortable operational feelings has been developed. The incorporates a reference door model having preferable feelings. In order to follow virtual motion of the ideal door, both feedforward- and feedback-controllers are employed drive assisting motor. Simulations experiments have proved actual corresponds well with door.

This paper proposes a new design method of nanoscale servo control for Galvano scanner by using FFSC (frequency-shaped final-state control) method. In the scanner, it is important to reduce residual vibration after positioning; further, this must be robust variation resonance modes plant. paper, feedforward input designed considering not only nominal performance but also performance. Simulations and experimental results are shown evaluate effectiveness proposed

Abstract In an attempt to provide polyolefins such as low‐ and high‐density polyethylene polypropylene with autohesive properties, hydrophilic monomers methacrylic acid (MAA), acrylic (AA), 2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) were photografted onto their surfaces. The wettabilities of the grafted plates stayed constant above full coverage substrate surfaces polymer chains, except for AA‐grafted plates. amount absorbed water layers formed increased increase in number chains. strength...

Abstract Methacrylic acid (MAA) was grafted onto polyethylene (PE) surfaces by simultaneous irradiation with UV rays in the liquid phase to estimate hydrophilic and mechanical properties for MAA‐grafted PE plates. The amount of MAA increased sigmoidally time, higher obtained at monomer concentrations. With an increase grafting MAA, wettabilities from contact angles water were enhanced refractive indices ellipsometry decreased. Though remained constant above 0.02 mmol/cm 2 , approached value...