Emmanuelle Morin
A5017547529- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Fungal Biology and Applications
- Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Lichen and fungal ecology
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Diatoms and Algae Research
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- Enzyme-mediated dye degradation
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
- Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
Université de Lorraine
2016-2025
Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement
2019-2024
Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes
2015-2024
Virginia Tech
2024
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
2022
Joint Genome Institute
2022
Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières
2019
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger
2019
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique
2012-2015
Chimie et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation
2013
Francis Martin and colleagues report genome sequences for 18 species of mycorrhizal fungi a phylogenomic analysis including 32 other fungal genomes. The study identifies cell wall-degradation genes lost in all true ectomycorrhizal and, using gene expression data, finds candidate the establishment symbiosis. To elucidate genetic bases lifestyle evolution, we sequenced new genomes, 13 (ECM), orchid (ORM) ericoid (ERM) species, five saprotrophs, which analyzed along with Ectomycorrhizal have...
The mutualistic symbiosis involving Glomeromycota, a distinctive phylum of early diverging Fungi, is widely hypothesized to have promoted the evolution land plants during middle Paleozoic. These arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) perform vital functions in phosphorus cycle that are fundamental sustainable crop plant productivity. unusual biological features AMF long fascinated evolutionary biologists. coenocytic hyphae host community hundreds nuclei and reproduce clonally through large...
Rust fungi are some of the most devastating pathogens crop plants. They obligate biotrophs, which extract nutrients only from living plant tissues and cannot grow apart their hosts. Their lifestyle has slowed dissection molecular mechanisms underlying host invasion avoidance or suppression innate immunity. We sequenced 101-Mb genome Melampsora larici - populina , causal agent poplar leaf rust, 89-Mb Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici wheat barley stem rust. then compared 16,399 predicted...
Significance Wood decay fungi have historically been characterized as either white rot, which degrade all components of plant cell walls, including lignin, or brown leave lignin largely intact. Genomic analyses shown that white-rot species possess multiple lignin-degrading peroxidases (PODs) and expanded suites enzymes attacking crystalline cellulose. To test the adequacy white/brown-rot categories, we analyzed 33 fungal genomes. Some lack PODs, thus resemble brown-rot fungi, but...
The genome of the Périgord black truffle Tuber melanosporum Vittad., a gourmet delicacy that grows symbiotically on roots European oak, has been sequenced. This is largest and most complex fungal so far unusually gene-poor, but rich in mobile genetic elements known as transposons. Comparison with sequence Laccaria bicolor, another ectomycorrhizal symbiotic fungus, reveals contrasting gene sets reflecting two different molecular toolkits have evolved independently to fit root symbiont...
Comparative genomic analysis of “dry rot” fungus shows both convergent evolution and divergence among fungal decomposers.
Agaricus bisporus is the model fungus for adaptation, persistence, and growth in humic-rich leaf-litter environment. Aside from its ecological role, A. has been an important component of human diet over 200 y worldwide cultivation "button mushroom" forms a multibillion dollar industry. We present two genomes, their gene repertoires transcript profiles on compost during mushroom formation. The genomes encode full repertoire polysaccharide-degrading enzymes similar to that wood-decayers....
Mycorrhizal fungi are mutualists that play crucial roles in nutrient acquisition terrestrial ecosystems. symbioses arose repeatedly across multiple lineages of Mucoromycotina, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota. Considerable variation exists the capacity mycorrhizal to acquire carbon from soil organic matter. Here, we present a combined analysis 135 fungal genomes 73 saprotrophic, endophytic pathogenic species, 62 including 29 new genomes. This study samples ecologically dominant guilds for which...
See also the Commentary by Rosendahl
• Parasitism and saprotrophic wood decay are two fungal strategies fundamental for succession nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. An opportunity to assess the trade-off between these is provided by pathogen decayer Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato. We report annotated genome sequence transcript profiling, as well quantitative trait loci mapping, of one member species complex: H. irregulare. Quantitative critical pathogenicity, rich transposable elements, orphan secreted genes, were...
Summary Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ( AMF ) are known to improve plant fitness through the establishment of symbioses. Genetic and phenotypic variations among closely related isolates can significantly affect growth, but genomic changes underlying this variability unclear. To address issue, we improved genome assembly gene annotation model strain Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM 197198, compared its content with five R . sampled in same field. All harbor striking variations, large numbers...
Summary Some soil fungi in the Leotiomycetes form ericoid mycorrhizal ( ERM ) symbioses with Ericaceae. In harsh habitats which they occur, plant survival relies on nutrient mobilization from organic matter SOM by their fungal partners. The characterization of genetic machinery underpinning both symbiotic lifestyle and degradation is needed to understand symbiosis functioning evolution, its impact carbon (C) turnover. We sequenced genomes Meliniomyces bicolor , M. variabilis Oidiodendron...
Summary Glomeromycotina is a lineage of early diverging fungi that establish arbuscular mycorrhizal ( AM ) symbiosis with land plants. Despite their major ecological role, the genetic basis obligate mutualism remains largely unknown, hindering our understanding evolution and biology. We compared genomes Glomerales Rhizophagus irregularis , diaphanus cerebriforme Diversisporales Gigaspora rosea species, together those saprotrophic Mucoromycota to identify gene families processes associated...
Abstract The early phase of the interaction between tree roots and ectomycorrhizal fungi, prior to symbiosis establishment, is accompanied by a stimulation lateral root (LR) development. We aimed identify gene networks that regulate LR development during signal exchanges poplar (Populus tremula × Populus alba) fungus Laccaria bicolor with focus on auxin transport signaling pathways. Our data demonstrated increased in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) interacting L. not dependent ability...
In temperate ecosystems, acidic forest soils are among the most nutrient-poor terrestrial environments. this context, long-term differentiation of into horizons may impact assembly and functions soil microbial communities. To gain a more comprehensive understanding ecology functional potentials these communities, suite analyses including comparative metagenomics was applied on independent samples from spruce plantation (Breuil-Chenue, France). The objectives were to assess whether decreasing...
Abstract The most frequently encountered symbiont on tree roots is the ascomycete Cenococcum geophilum, only mycorrhizal species within largest fungal class Dothideomycetes, a known for devastating plant pathogens. Here we show that symbiotic genomic idiosyncrasies of ectomycorrhizal basidiomycetes are also present in C. geophilum with symbiosis-induced, taxon-specific genes unknown function and reduced numbers cell wall-degrading enzymes. still holds significant set categories to be...
Endosymbiosis of bacteria by eukaryotes is a defining feature cellular evolution. In addition to well-known bacterial origins for mitochondria and chloroplasts, multiple endosymbiosis are known within the cells diverse animals, plants fungi. Early-diverging lineages terrestrial fungi harbor endosymbiotic belonging Burkholderiaceae. We sequenced metagenome soil-inhabiting fungus Mortierella elongata assembled complete circular chromosome its endosymbiont, Mycoavidus cysteinexigens, which we...
In a recent study pyrosequencing of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS-1) has validated effectiveness such technology in survey soil fungal diversity. Here we compare two ITS regions, ITS-1 and ITS-2, populations occurring Tuber melanosporum/Quercus pubescens truffle grounds sampled areas, one devoid vegetation ("burned", brulé French) where T. melanosporum fruiting bodies are usually collected, outside brulé. TS1F/ITS2 ITS3/ITS4 were used respectively for amplification ITS-2...
Fungi are major players in the carbon cycle forest ecosystems due to wide range of interactions they have with plants either through soil degradation processes by litter decayers or biotrophic pathogenic and ectomycorrhizal symbionts. Secretion fungal proteins mediates these allowing fungus interact its environment and/or host. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) symbiosis independently appeared several times throughout evolution involves approximately 80% trees. Despite extensive physiological studies on...
Lichens, encompassing 20,000 known species, are symbioses between specialized fungi (mycobionts), mostly ascomycetes, and unicellular green algae or cyanobacteria (photobionts). Here we describe the first parallel genomic analysis of mycobiont Cladonia grayi its algal photobiont Asterochloris glomerata. We focus on genes/predicted proteins potential symbiotic significance, sought by surveying differentially activated during early stages interaction in coculture, expanded contracted protein...
Tuberaceae is one of the most diverse lineages symbiotic truffle-forming fungi. To understand molecular underpinning ectomycorrhizal truffle lifestyle, we compared genomes Piedmont white (Tuber magnatum), Périgord black melanosporum), Burgundy aestivum), pig (Choiromyces venosus) and desert (Terfezia boudieri) to saprotrophic Pezizomycetes. Reconstructed gene duplication/loss histories along a time-calibrated phylogeny Ascomycetes revealed that Tuberaceae-specific traits may be related...
As members of the plant microbiota, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF, Glomeromycotina) symbiotically colonize roots. AMF also possess their own hosting some uncultivable endobacteria. Ongoing research has revealed genetics underlying responses to colonization by AMF, but fungal side relationship remains in dark. Here, we sequenced genome Gigaspora margarita, a member Gigasporaceae an early diverging group Glomeromycotina. In contrast other G. margarita may host distinct endobacterial...
Summary Because they comprise some of the most efficient wood‐decayers, Polyporales fungi impact carbon cycling in forest environment. Despite continuous discoveries on enzymatic machinery involved wood decomposition, vision their evolutionary adaptation to decay and genome diversity remains incomplete. We combined sequence information from 50 species, including 26 newly sequenced genomes sought for genomic functional adaptations through analysis composition transcriptome responses different...
Abstract With >7000 species the order of rust fungi has a disproportionately large impact on agriculture, horticulture, forestry and foreign ecosystems. The infectious spores are typically dikaryotic, feature unique to in which two haploid nuclei reside same cell. A key example is Phakopsora pachyrhizi , causal agent Asian soybean disease, one world’s most economically damaging agricultural diseases. Despite P. ’s impact, exceptional size complexity its genome prevented generation an...
Abstract Background Dogs and rats have a highly developed capability to detect identify odorant molecules, even at minute concentrations. Previous analyses shown that the olfactory receptors (ORs) specifically bind molecules are encoded by largest gene family sequenced in mammals so far. Results We identified five amino acid patterns characteristic of ORs recently boxer dog brown Norway rat genomes. Using these patterns, we retrieved 1,094 genes 1,493 from shotgun sequences. The sequences...