A5034711483- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- interferon and immune responses
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Circular RNAs in diseases
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Malaria Research and Control
- Hydrogen's biological and therapeutic effects
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- RNA regulation and disease
Elanco (United States)
2022
University of Pittsburgh
2013-2019
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School
2010
Rose–Hulman Institute of Technology
2006
Alphaviruses use secondary structural elements in their genomic RNA to avoid host detection.
Type I interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs) have critical roles in inhibiting virus replication and dissemination. Despite advances understanding the molecular basis of ISG restriction, antiviral mechanisms many remain unclear. The 20-kDa ISG20 is a nuclear 3'-5' exonuclease with preference for single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) has been implicated IFN-mediated restriction several viruses. Although activity shown to degrade viral vitro, evidence yet be presented that inhibition cells requires...
Live attenuated vaccines (LAVs), if sufficiently safe, provide the most potent and durable anti-pathogen responses in vaccinees with single immunizations commonly yielding lifelong immunity. Historically, viral LAVs were derived by blind passage of virulent strains cultured cells resulting adaptation to culture a loss fitness disease-causing potential vivo. Mutations associated these phenomena have been identified but rarely specific attenuation mechanisms ascribed, thereby limiting...
Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), a mosquito-borne RNA virus, is one of the most acutely virulent viruses endemic to Americas, causing between 30% and 70% mortality in symptomatic human cases. A major factor virulence EEEV presence four binding sites for hematopoietic cell-specific microRNA, miR-142-3p, 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) virus. Three are "canonical" with all 7 seed sequence residues complimentary miR-142-3p while "non-canonical" has mismatch. Interaction genome limits...
The Department of Defense recently began an effort to improve and standardize virus challenge materials efficacy determination strategies for testing therapeutics vaccines. This includes stabilization genome sequences in cDNA form where appropriate, use human-derived isolates, noninvasive replication. Eventually, it is desired that these approaches will satisfy the FDA "Animal Rule" licensure, which substitutes animal data when human are unlikely be available. To this end, we created...
Memory cross-reactive CD8+ T-cell responses may induce protection or immunopathology upon secondary viral challenge. To elucidate the potential role of T cells in sequential flavivirus infection, we characterized CD4+ and between attenuated pathogenic Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) West Nile (WNV). A previously reported WNV NS4b epitope its JEV variant elicited both JEV- WNV-infected mice. The peptide homologous to immunizing induced greater cytokine secretion activated higher frequencies...
Abstract Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), a mosquito-borne RNA virus, is one of the most acutely virulent viruses endemic to Americas, causing between 30% and 70% mortality in symptomatic human cases. A major factor virulence EEEV presence four binding sites for hematopoietic cell-specific microRNA, miR-142-3p, 3’ untranslated region (3’ UTR) virus. Three are “canonical” with all 8 seed sequence residues complimentary miR-142-3p while “non-canonical” has mismatch. Interaction genome...
Abstract Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is an alphavirus that causes the most virulent mosquito-borne disease in North America. We have previously determined a myeloid cell-specific miRNA, miR-142-3p, binds to 3′ non-translated region of EEEV suppressing replication and induction systemic IFN-α/β, promoting severe disease. Deletion miR-142-3p binding sites (virus 11337) rescues cells, induces IFN-α/β production, leads attenuation vivo. hypothesized restriction cells suppresses...
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and West Nile (WNV) are closely related Flaviviruses that important arthropod-borne human pathogens. Both of these viruses can cause with significant morbidity mortality after infection. co-circulate in many areas the world, which raises risk for sequential infection between heterologous viruses. Sequential dengue serotypes lead to cross-protection, but some cases, it leads a severe outcome, hemorrhagic fever. Previous work hamsters non-human primates...