Research on transactive memory systems (TMSs) implicitly assumes that metaknowledge (i.e., the "knowledge of who knows what") is uniformly distributed among team members. Relaxing this assumption results in a more realistic notion cognition which distribution can take different forms. Demonstrating importance conceptual shift, we compare teams concentrated within one central member (a centralized TMS structure) with evenly members decentralized structure). We predict give performance...

Abstract Intergroup knowledge integration, that is the acquisition, processing, and utilization of across group boundaries, a critical source competitive advantage in modern organizations. Prior research has highlighted important role boundary spanning exchange for intergroup neglecting, however, question what makes individual spanners more effective fostering integration. Integrating literature with theories information we hypothesize effect ties on integration depends spanners’ levels...

Many complex organizational tasks are performed by networks of teams, or "multiteam systems." A critical challenge in multiteam systems is how to promote information exchange across teams. In three studies, we investigate identity "asymmetries"—differences between teams terms whether the team overarching system constitutes their primary focus identification—affect interteam sharing and performance. Study 1, manipulate teams' foci identification (team vs. focused) a sample 84 five-member...

Although scholars across fields have studied threats to individuals' identities for their impact and ubiquity, the absence of standard scales has hindered advancement this research. Due lack identity threat measures, myriad existing propositions models remain untested which may generate skepticism field. In comparatively rare instances where deductive been tested, studies often suffer from methodological shortcomings related a measure (e.g., use that tap into adjacent constructs) or an...

Members of global teams are often dispersed across time zones. This paper introduces the construct temporal brokerage, which we define as being in a position within team’s structure that bridges subgroups have little or no overlap with each other. Although brokerage is not formal role, argue occupying such makes an individual more likely to take on coordination work than other members team. We suggest that, while engaging has advantages form enhanced integrative complexity, it also comes...

We examine whether having previously been self‐employed is a negative signal on the job market. In UK field experiment where two applications of otherwise equally qualified individuals were sent out in response to same vacancies human resource management, we find that entrepreneurs systematically receive fewer responses than non‐entrepreneurs. Empirical studies treat market wages as opportunity cost remaining are therefore likely overestimate alternative earnings entrepreneurship.

This paper compares affective meanings of various stereotyped social groups in U.S., German, and Japanese cultures along the three basic dimensions emotional experience (evaluation, potency, activity). Analyses exploring similarities between respondents revealed considerable consensus within cultures, but less across cultures. These analyses indicated greater for U.S. German sample than sample, supporting past research which indicates that perception is more contextualized Western...

Short personality questionnaires are increasingly used in research and practice, with some scales including as few two to five items per domain. Despite the frequency of their use, these short often criticized on basis reduced internal consistencies purported failure assess breadth broad constructs, such Big 5 factors personality. One reason for this might be use principles routed Classical Test Theory during test construction. In study, Generalizability is compare psychometric properties...

The benefits boundary spanners offer organizations by bridging information silos are well documented. However, informational spanning also implies crossing organizational territories, as employees seek advice from others outside their supervisors' control. Applying a territoriality theory lens, we develop new insights about when and why supervisors may view subordinates' boundary-spanning activities unfavorably attempt to undermine spanners. We argue that undermining results perceiving the...

Knowledge exchange and integration across group boundaries are critical for knowledge intensive organizations. Prior research has investigated boundary-spanning ties on the individual as well level, neglecting, however, question of how boundary spanning shapes contributes to inter-group integration. In our study, we address this gap by integrating literature with information processing suggest that, contrary perspective taken earlier research, not all equally contribute Rather, hypothesize...

We examine whether having previously been self-employed is a negative signal on the job market. In UK field experiment where two applications of otherwise equally qualified individuals were sent out in response to same vacancies human resource management, we find that entrepreneurs systematically receive fewer responses than non-entrepreneurs. Empirical studies treat market wages as opportunity cost remaining are therefore likely overestimate alternative earnings entrepreneurship.

Sharing information is a critical component of team and organizational functioning. Information resource which must be effectively distributed between individuals subsequently synthesized. The process sharing becomes more complicated when transcend the boundaries teams or work units to deliver knowledge other teams. As such, it control flow information, understand what motivates this behavior. To better how impacts performance in systems interlocked teams, we advance two-tiered approach....

Temporal dispersion is an important characteristic of global teams, as members such teams are often distributed across multiple time zones. This paper introduces the construct temporal brokerage, which we define being in a position within team’s structure that bridges subgroups who have little or no overlap with each other. Although brokerage not formal role, argue occupying makes individual more likely to take on coordination work than other team. We suggest while engaging has advantages...

Research on transactive memory systems implicitly assumes that metaknowledge, i.e. the knowledge of who knows what, is uniformly distributed among group members. Relaxing this assumption results in a more realistic notion cognition which distribution metaknowledge can assume different forms. We zoom aspect evenness and compare groups with centralized structure, fairly complete understanding what allocated to only one or few central members, decentralized evenly In line our theoretical...

In this study, we investigate the complex and conjoint effects of Multiple Team Membership other related system design characteristics on performance a composed teams. This is particularly relevant as organizations increasingly make use teamwork to achieve their goals most knowledge workers experience situation multi-teaming. particular, focus concurrent number membership, teams’ size overlap. Results indicate that at teams level relationship between MTM follows curvilinear, inverted...

Middle managers, also known as supervisors, have a key integrative function in organizations. They serve an interface between senior managers and employees and, at the same time, connect their group to other organizational groups through boundary spanning. It is well established that supervisors' spanning, i.e., seeking advice from groups, potent antecedent of employee creativity. In this paper, we examine how supervisors foster creativity when these two roles are not aligned, namely work...

Knowledge exchange and integration processes in organizations are jointly shaped by formal design as well informal communication among employees. In this paper, we aim to contribute a better understanding of how organizational structures influence shape networks. More specifically, investigate the rank hierarchy on formation advice ties knowledge workers. We consider two different types ties: seeking metaknowledge. While refers direct pursuit task information through social ties,...

Empirical studies have shown that entrepreneurs earn, on average, less than the market wage for employees with otherwise similar characteristics. We examine whether having previously been self- employed is in itself a negative signal job market. In field experiment where two applications of equally qualified individuals were sent same vacancies, we find systematically receive fewer responses non- entrepreneurs. Thus, it appears earnings differential partially explained by fact do not access...

Research on transactive memory system (TMS) has shown that the distribution of metaknowledge (i.e., “knowledge who knows what”) among team members can affect performance. In particular, a centralized TMS structure when is concentrated within one member), compared to decentralized evenly distributed members), been have potential spur exchange and integration information, thus improving present paper, we examine role two core motivational forces in this process. We argue relationship between...