A5023199362- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Radiation Effects in Electronics
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- Boron Compounds in Chemistry
- Radiation Effects and Dosimetry
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications
- Radiation Shielding Materials Analysis
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Radiation Dose and Imaging
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- Brain Metastases and Treatment
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications
- Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies
- Advances in Oncology and Radiotherapy
- Medical Imaging and Pathology Studies
- Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks
- Neutrino Physics Research
Massachusetts General Hospital
2016-2025
Harvard University
2016-2025
Boston University
2024
Weatherford College
2021
The University of Tokyo
2012-2020
Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe
2012-2020
Harvard University Press
2013-2020
UCLouvain
2020
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
2012-2015
University of California, San Francisco
2012-2015
Proton therapy treatments are currently planned and delivered using the assumption that proton relative biological effectiveness (RBE) to photons is 1.1. This ignores strong experimental evidence suggests RBE varies along treatment field, i.e. with linear energy transfer (LET) tissue type. A recent review study collected over 70 reports on RBE, providing a comprehensive dataset for predicting cell survival. Using this we developed model predict based dose, dose average LET (LETd) ratio of...
Traditionally, dose in proton radiotherapy is prescribed as Gy(RBE) by scaling up the physical 10%. The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of protons considered to vary with dose-averaged linear energy transfer (LET(d)), (d) and (α/β)(x). increase RBE depth causes a shift falloff beam, i.e. change beam range. magnitude this will depend on aim project was quantify dependence range these parameters. Three double-scattered beams different ranges incident computational phantom consisting...
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have shown potential to be used as a radiosensitizer for radiation therapy. Despite extensive research activity study GNP radiosensitization using photon beams, only few studies been carried out proton beams. In this work Monte Carlo simulations were assess the dose enhancement of GNPs The effect was compared between clinical spectrum, 6 MV and kilovoltage source similar those in many radiobiology lab settings. We showed that mechanism by which can lead enhancements...
The TOPAS Monte Carlo (MC) system is used in radiation therapy and medical imaging research, having played a significant role making simulations widely available for proton related research. While provides detailed of patient scale properties, the fundamental unit biological response to cell. Thus, our goal was develop TOPAS-nBio, an extension dedicated advance understanding radiobiological effects at (sub-)cellular, (i.e., cellular sub-cellular) scale. TOPAS-nBio designed as set open source...
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have shown potential as a radiosensitizer for radiation therapy using photon beams. Recently, experimental studies been carried out proton beams showing the GNP enhanced responses in therapy. In this work, we established biological model to investigate change survival of irradiated cells due radiosensitizing effect gold nanoparticles. Results proton, megavoltage (MV) and kilovoltage (kV) are compared. For each particle source, assessed various treatment depths,...
The purpose of this study was to assess the possibility introducing site-specific range margins replace current generic in proton therapy. Further, goal potential reducing with analytical dose calculations methods. For we investigate impact complex patient geometries on capability calculation algorithms accurately predict fields. Dose distributions predicted by an pencil-beam algorithm were compared those obtained using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations (TOPAS). A total 508 passively scattered...
Characterising and predicting the effects of ionising radiation on cells remains challenging, with lack robust models underlying mechanism responses providing a significant limitation to development personalised radiotherapy. In this paper we present mechanistic model cellular response that incorporates kinetics different DNA repair processes, spatial distribution double strand breaks resulting probability severity misrepair. This enables predictions be made range key biological endpoints...
Extremely high-dose-rate irradiation, referred to as FLASH, has been shown be less damaging normal tissues than the same dose administrated at conventional rates. These results, typically seen rates exceeding 40 Gy/s (or 2,400 Gy/min), have widely reported in studies utilizing photon or electron radiation well some proton studies. Here, we report development of a irradiation platform clinical facility and dosimetry methods developed. The target is placed entry plateau region beam with...
Ultra-high dose rate irradiation has been reported to protect normal tissues more than conventional irradiation. This tissue sparing termed the FLASH effect. We investigated effect of proton on intestine as well hypothesis that lymphocyte depletion is a cause A 16 × 12 mm2 elliptical field with ~120 Gy/s was provided by 228 MeV pencil beam. Partial abdominal delivered C57BL/6j and immunodeficient Rag1−/−/C57 mice. Proliferating crypt cells were counted at 2 days post exposure, thickness...
Simulation of water radiolysis and the subsequent chemistry provides important information on effect ionizing radiation biological material. The Geant4 Monte Carlo toolkit has added chemical processes via Geant4-DNA project. TOPAS tool simplifies modeling complex radiotherapy applications with without requiring advanced computational skills, extending pool users. Thus, a new extension to TOPAS, TOPAS-nBio, is under development facilitate configuration track-structure simulations as well for...
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a prime candidate for image-guided radiotherapy. This study was designed to assess the feasibility of real-time MRI-guided proton therapy by quantifying dosimetric effects induced magnetic field in patients' plans and identifying associated clinical consequences.
Detailed modeling of cell geometries was shown to be important estimate radiosensitization effects gold nanoparticles (GNPs).
Abstract Predicting the responses of biological systems to ionising radiation is extremely challenging, particularly when comparing X-rays and heavy charged particles, due uncertainty in their Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE). Here we assess power a novel mechanistic model DNA damage repair predict sensitivity cells X-ray, proton or carbon ion exposures vitro against over 800 published experiments. By specifying phenotypic characteristics cells, was able effectively stratify X-ray...
Our understanding of radiation induced cellular damage has greatly improved over the past decades. Despite this progress, there are still many obstacles to fully how interacts with biologically relevant components form observable endpoints. One hurdle is difficulty faced by members different research groups in directly comparing results. Multiple Monte Carlo codes have been developed simulate induction at DNA scale, while same time various models that describe repair processes varying levels...
FLASH radiotherapy delivers a high dose (≥10 Gy) at rate (≥40 Gy/s). In this way, particles are delivered in pulses as short few nanoseconds. At that rate, intertrack reactions between chemical species produced within the same pulse may affect heterogeneous chemistry stage of water radiolysis. This stochastic process suits capabilities Monte Carlo method, which can model effects to aid radiobiology research, including design and interpretation experiments. work, TOPAS-nBio track-structure...
Clinical treatment of cancer commonly incorporates X-ray radiation therapy (XRT), and developing spatially precise radiation-activatable drug delivery strategies may improve XRT efficacy while limiting off-target toxicities associated with systemically administered drugs. Nevertheless, achieving this has been challenging thus far because typically rely on radical species short lifespans, the inherent nature hypoxic acidic tumor microenvironments encourage heterogeneous effects. It is...