O. Birnholtz
A5108002919- Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
- Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Geophysics and Sensor Technology
- Statistical and numerical algorithms
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques
- Quantum Electrodynamics and Casimir Effect
- Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics
- Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation
- Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
- Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Neutrino Physics Research
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
Bar-Ilan University
2020-2024
Rochester Institute of Technology
2018-2021
Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics
2016-2018
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
2013-2017
On September 14, 2015 at 09:50:45 UTC the two detectors of Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory simultaneously observed a transient gravitational-wave signal. The signal sweeps upwards in frequency from 35 to 250 Hz with peak strain 1.0×10(-21). It matches waveform predicted by general relativity for inspiral and merger pair black holes ringdown resulting single hole. was matched-filter signal-to-noise ratio 24 false alarm rate estimated be less than 1 event per 203,000 years,...
We report the observation of a gravitational-wave signal produced by coalescence two stellar-mass black holes. The signal, GW151226, was observed twin detectors Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) on December 26, 2015 at 03:38:53 UTC. initially identified within 70 s an online matched-filter search targeting binary coalescences. Subsequent off-line analyses recovered GW151226 with network signal-to-noise ratio 13 and significance greater than 5 $\sigma$. persisted in...
We present the results from three gravitational-wave searches for coalescing compact binaries with component masses above <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><a:mrow><a:mn>1</a:mn><a:mtext> </a:mtext><a:mtext> </a:mtext><a:msub><a:mrow><a:mi>M</a:mi></a:mrow><a:mrow><a:mo stretchy="false">⊙</a:mo></a:mrow></a:msub></a:mrow></a:math> during first and second observing runs of advanced detector network. During run (<d:math...
On 2017 August 17, the gravitational-wave event GW170817 was observed by Advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors, gamma-ray burst (GRB) GRB 170817A independently Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor, Anticoincidence Shield for Spectrometer International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory. The probability of near-simultaneous temporal spatial observation occurring chance is $5.0\times 10^{-8}$. We therefore confirm binary neutron star mergers as a progenitor short GRBs. association provides new insight...
On August 14, 2017 at 10∶30:43 UTC, the Advanced Virgo detector and two LIGO detectors coherently observed a transient gravitational-wave signal produced by coalescence of stellar mass black holes, with false-alarm rate ≲1 in 27 000 years. The was three-detector network matched-filter signal-to-noise ratio 18. inferred masses initial holes are 30.5_{-3.0}^{+5.7}M_{⊙} 25.3_{-4.2}^{+2.8}M_{⊙} (at 90% credible level). luminosity distance source is 540_{-210}^{+130} Mpc, corresponding to...
The LIGO detection of GW150914 provides an unprecedented opportunity to study the two-body motion a compact-object binary in large-velocity, highly nonlinear regime, and witness final merger excitation uniquely relativistic modes gravitational field. We carry out several investigations determine whether is consistent with black-hole general relativity. find that remnant's mass spin, as determined from low-frequency (inspiral) high-frequency (postinspiral) phases signal, are mutually solution...
On June 8, 2017 at 02:01:16.49 UTC, a gravitational-wave signal from the merger of two stellar-mass black holes was observed by Advanced LIGO detectors with network signal-to-noise ratio 13. This system is lightest hole binary so far observed, component masses $12^{+7}_{-2}\,M_\odot$ and $7^{+2}_{-2}\,M_\odot$ (90% credible intervals). These lie in range measured low-mass X-ray binaries, thus allowing us to compare detected through gravitational waves electromagnetic observations. The...
On September 14, 2015, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) detected a gravitational-wave transient (GW150914); we characterize properties of source and its parameters. The data around time event were analyzed coherently across LIGO network using suite accurate waveform models that describe gravitational waves from compact binary system in general relativity. GW150914 was produced by nearly equal mass black hole masses 36_{-4}^{+5}M_{⊙} 29_{-4}^{+4}M_{⊙}; for each...
The first observational run of the Advanced LIGO detectors, from September 12, 2015 to January 19, 2016, saw detections gravitational waves binary black hole mergers. In this paper we present full results a search for merger signals with total masses up $100 M_\odot$ and detailed implications our observations these systems. Our search, based on general-relativistic models wave systems, unambiguously identified two signals, GW150914 GW151226, significance greater than $5\sigma$ over observing...
We present results on the mass, spin, and redshift distributions with phenomenological population models using ten binary black hole mergers detected in first second observing runs completed by Advanced LIGO Virgo. constrain properties of (BBH) mass spectrum a range parameterizations BBH spin distributions. find that distribution more massive such binaries is well approximated no than 1% holes $45\,M_\odot$, power law index $\alpha = {1.3}^{+1.4}_{-1.7}$ (90% credibility). also show BBHs are...
The detection of gravitational waves by Advanced LIGO and Virgo provides an opportunity to test general relativity in a regime that is inaccessible traditional astronomical observations laboratory tests. We present four tests the consistency data with binary black hole waveforms predicted relativity. One subtracts best-fit waveform from checks residual detector noise. second low- high-frequency parts observed signals. third phenomenological deviations introduced model (including...
On 2019 April 25, the LIGO Livingston detector observed a compact binary coalescence with signal-to-noise ratio 12.9. The Virgo was also taking data that did not contribute to detection due low ratio, but were used for subsequent parameter estimation. 90% credible intervals component masses range from 1.12 2.52 $M_{\odot}$ (1.45 1.88 if we restrict dimensionless spin magnitudes be smaller than 0.05). These mass parameters are consistent individual components being neutron stars. However,...
The exploration of the universe has recently entered a new era thanks to multi-messenger paradigm, characterized by continuous increase in quantity and quality experimental data that is obtained detection various cosmic messengers (photons, neutrinos, rays gravitational waves) from numerous origins. They give us information about their sources properties intergalactic medium. Moreover, astronomy opens up possibility search for phenomenological signatures quantum gravity. On one hand, most...
A wide variety of astrophysical and cosmological sources are expected to contribute a stochastic gravitational-wave background. Following the observations GW150914 GW151226, rate mass coalescing binary black holes appear be greater than many previous expectations. As result, background from unresolved compact coalescences is particularly loud. We perform search for isotropic using data Advanced LIGO's first observing run. The display no evidence signal. constrain dimensionless energy density...
The stochastic gravitational-wave background is a superposition of sources that are either too weak or numerous to detect individually. In this study, we present the results from cross-correlation analysis on data Advanced LIGO's second observing run (O2), which combine with first (O1). We do not find evidence for background, so place upper limits normalized energy density in gravitational waves at 95% credible level...
This paper presents the gravitational-wave measurement of Hubble constant ($H_0$) using detections from first and second observing runs Advanced LIGO Virgo detector network. The presence transient electromagnetic counterpart binary neutron star GW170817 led to standard-siren $H_0$. Here we additionally use black hole in conjunction with galaxy catalogs report a joint measurement. Our updated is $H_0 = 68.7^{+17.0}_{-7.8}$ km/s/Mpc (68.3\% highest density posterior interval flat-in-log prior)...
The first observation of a binary neutron star coalescence by the Advanced LIGO and Virgo gravitational-wave detectors offers an unprecedented opportunity to study matter under most extreme conditions. After such merger, compact remnant is left over whose nature depends primarily on masses inspiralling objects equation state nuclear matter. This could be either black hole or (NS), with latter being long-lived too massive for stability implying delayed collapse hole. Here, we present search...
The LIGO Scientific and Virgo Collaborations have announced the event GW170817, first detection of gravitational waves from coalescence two neutron stars. merger rate binary stars estimated this suggests that distant, unresolvable create a significant astrophysical stochastic gravitational-wave background. star component will add to contribution black holes, increasing amplitude total background relative previous expectations. In Advanced LIGO-Virgo frequency band most sensitive backgrounds...
Abstract The source of the gravitational-wave (GW) signal GW170817, very likely a binary neutron star merger, was also observed electromagnetically, providing first multi-messenger observations this type. two-week-long electromagnetic (EM) counterpart had signature indicative an r -process-induced optical transient known as kilonova. This Letter examines how mass dynamical ejecta can be estimated without direct observation kilonova, using GW measurements and phenomenological model calibrated...
We present the result of searches for gravitational waves from 200 pulsars using data first observing run Advanced LIGO detectors. find no significant evidence a gravitational-wave signal any these pulsars, but we are able to set most constraining upper limits yet on their amplitudes and ellipticities. For eight our give bounds that improvements over indirect spin-down limit values. another 32, within factor 10 limit, it is likely some will be reachable in future runs advanced detector....
We present an Advanced LIGO and Virgo search for sub-solar mass ultracompact objects in data obtained during LIGO's second observing run. In contrast to a previous of from the first run, this includes effects component spin on gravitational waveform. identify no viable wave candidates consistent with binaries at least one between 0.2 - 1.0 solar masses. use null result constrain binary merger rate (0.2 mass, mass) be less than 3.7 x 10^5 Gpc^-3 yr^-1 (1.0 5.2 10^3 yr^-1. Sub-solar are not...
This paper presents updated estimates of source parameters for GW150914, a binary black-hole coalescence event detected by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) on September 14, 2015 [1]. Reference presented parameter estimation [2] using 13-dimensional, phenomenological precessing-spin model (precessing IMRPhenom) and 11-dimensional nonprecessing effective-one-body (EOB) calibrated to numerical-relativity simulations, which forces spin alignment (nonprecessing...
We present results of an all-sky search for continuous gravitational waves (CWs), which can be produced by fast spinning neutron stars with asymmetry around their rotation axis, using data from the second observing run Advanced LIGO detectors. Three different semicoherent methods are used to in a gravitational-wave frequency band 20 1922 Hz and first derivative $\ensuremath{-}1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}8}$...
Parameter estimates of GW150914 were obtained using Bayesian inference, based on three semi-analytic waveform models for binary black hole coalescences. These differ from each other in their treatment spins, and all make some simplifying assumptions, notably to neglect sub-dominant harmonic modes orbital eccentricity. Furthermore, while the are calibrated agree with waveforms by full numerical solutions Einstein's equations, any such calibration is accurate only non-zero tolerance limited...