S. Ballmer
A5008243369- Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Advanced Frequency and Time Standards
- Geophysics and Sensor Technology
- Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
- Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Statistical and numerical algorithms
- Mechanical and Optical Resonators
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing
- Advanced Measurement and Metrology Techniques
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies
- Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Seismology and Earthquake Studies
- Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Advanced Sensor Technologies Research
- Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies
Syracuse University
2016-2025
California Institute of Technology
2007-2012
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
2010
The University of Western Australia
2008
Max Planck Innovation
2008
Max Planck Society
2008
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2003-2007
LIGO Scientific Collaboration
2007
In 2009-2010, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observa- tory (LIGO) operated together with international partners Virgo and GEO600 as a network to search for gravitational waves of astrophysical origin. The sensitiv- ity these detectors was limited by combination noise sources inherent instrumental design its environment, often localized in time or frequency, that couple into gravitational-wave readout. Here we review performance LIGO instruments during this epoch, work done...
On August 17, 2017, the Advanced LIGO and Virgo gravitational-wave detectors observed a low-mass compact binary inspiral. The initial sky localization of source signal, GW170817, allowed electromagnetic observatories to identify NGC 4993 as host galaxy. In this work, we improve estimates binary's properties, including component masses, spins, tidal parameters, using known location, improved modeling, recalibrated data. We extend range frequencies considered down 23 Hz, compared 30 Hz in...
The second-generation of gravitational-wave detectors are just starting operation, and have already yielding their first detections. Research is now concentrated on how to maximize the scientific potential astronomy. To support this effort, we present here design targets for a new generation detectors, which will be capable observing compact binary sources with high signal-to-noise ratio throughout Universe.
The recent discovery by Advanced LIGO and Virgo of a gravitational wave signal from binary neutron star inspiral has enabled tests general relativity (GR) with this new type source. This source, for the first time, permits strong-field dynamics compact binaries in presence matter. In Letter, we place constraints on dipole radiation possible deviations GR post-Newtonian coefficients that govern regime. Bounds modified dispersion waves are obtained; combination information observed...
This white paper describes the research and development needed over next decade to realize "Cosmic Explorer," U.S. node of a future third-generation detector network that will be capable observing characterizing compact gravitational-wave sources cosmological redshifts.
The Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) has been directly detecting gravitational waves from compact binary mergers since 2015. We report on the first use of squeezed vacuum states in direct measurement with Advanced LIGO H1 and L1 detectors. This achievement is culmination decades research to implement gravitational-wave During ongoing O3 observation run, are improving sensitivity interferometers signals above 50 Hz by up 3 dB, thereby increasing expected detection...
The Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) consists of two widely separated 4 km laser interferometers designed to detect gravitational waves from distant astrophysical sources in the frequency range 10 Hz kHz. first observation run Advanced LIGO detectors started September 2015 and ended January 2016. A strain sensitivity better than $10^{-23}/\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$ was achieved around 100 Hz. Understanding both fundamental technical noise critical for increasing observable...
We report on a search for gravitational waves from coalescing compact binaries using LIGO and Virgo observations between July 7, 2009 October 20, 2010. searched signals with total mass 2 25 solar masses; this includes binary neutron stars, black holes, consisting of hole star. The detectors were sensitive to systems up 40 Mpc distant further higher systems. No gravitational-wave detected. upper limits the rate coalescence as function mass, including results previous observations. cumulative...
The global network of gravitational-wave observatories now includes five detectors, namely LIGO Hanford, Livingston, Virgo, KAGRA, and GEO 600. These detectors collected data during their third observing run, O3, composed three phases: O3a starting in April 2019 lasting six months, O3b November O3GK 2020 2 weeks. In this paper we describe these various other science products that can be freely accessed through the Gravitational Wave Open Science Center at https://gwosc.org. main dataset,...
We present the result of searches for gravitational waves from 200 pulsars using data first observing run Advanced LIGO detectors. find no significant evidence a gravitational-wave signal any these pulsars, but we are able to set most constraining upper limits yet on their amplitudes and ellipticities. For eight our give bounds that improvements over indirect spin-down limit values. another 32, within factor 10 limit, it is likely some will be reachable in future runs advanced detector....
This Horizon Study describes a next-generation ground-based gravitational-wave observatory: Cosmic Explorer. With ten times the sensitivity of Advanced LIGO, Explorer will push astronomy towards edge observable universe ($z \sim 100$). The goals this are to describe and evaluate design concepts for Explorer; plan United States' leadership in astronomy; envisage role international effort build "Third-Generation" (3G) observatory network that make discoveries transformative across astronomy,...
This paper describes the first all-sky search for long-duration, quasi-monochromatic gravitational-wave signals emitted by ultralight scalar boson clouds around spinning black holes using data from third observing run of Advanced LIGO. We analyze frequency range 20~Hz to 610~Hz, over a small derivative zero, and use multiple resolutions be robust towards possible signal wanderings. Outliers this are followed up two different methods, one more suitable nearly monochromatic signals, other...
We present results of an all-sky search for continuous gravitational waves which can be produced by spinning neutron stars with asymmetry around their rotation axis, using data from the third observing run Advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors. Four different analysis methods are used to in a gravitational-wave frequency band 10 2048 Hz first derivative $-10^{-8}$ $10^{-9}$ Hz/s. No statistically-significant periodic signal is observed any four searches. As result, upper limits on strain...
We present direct upper limits on gravitational wave emission from the Crab pulsar using data first 9 months of fifth science run Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO). These are based two searches. In we assume that follows observed radio timing, giving an limit beats indirect inferred spin-down and braking index energetics nebula. second allow for a small mismatch between signal frequencies interpret our results in context possible mechanisms.
Data collected by the GEO 600 and LIGO interferometric gravitational wave detectors during their first observational science run were searched for continuous waves from pulsar J1939+2134 at twice its rotation frequency. Two independent analysis methods used are demonstrated in this paper: a frequency domain method time method. Both achieve consistent null results, placing new upper limits on strength of pulsar's emission. A model emission mechanism is to interpret as constraint equatorial...
We analyzed the available LIGO data coincident with GRB 070201, a short-duration, hard-spectrum γ-ray burst (GRB) whose electromagnetically determined sky position is spiral arms of Andromeda galaxy (M31). Possible progenitors such short, hard GRBs include mergers neutron stars or star and black hole, soft repeater (SGR) flares. These events can be accompanied by gravitational-wave emission. No plausible candidates were found within 180 s long window around time 070201. This result implies...
Twenty years ago, construction began on the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO). Advanced LIGO, with a factor of ten better design sensitivity than Initial will begin taking data this year, and should soon make detections monthly occurrence. While LIGO promises to first gravitational waves from nearby universe, an additional increase in would put exciting science targets within reach by providing observations binary black hole inspirals throughout most history star...
We present the results of searches for gravitational waves from a large selection pulsars using data most recent science runs (S6, VSR2 and VSR4) initial generation interferometric wave detectors LIGO (Laser Interferometric Gravitational-wave Observatory) Virgo. do not see evidence emission any targeted sources but produce upper limits on amplitude. highlight seven young with spin-down luminosities. reach within factor five canonical limit all these, whilst Crab Vela we further surpass their...
We report on a search for gravitational waves from the coalescence of compact binaries during third and fourth LIGO science runs. The focused generated inspiral phase binary evolution. In our analysis, we considered three categories systems, ordered by mass: (i) primordial black hole with masses in range 0.35 M(sun) < m1, m2 1.0 M(sun), (ii) neutron stars 3.0 (iii) holes M(sun)< m_(max) additional constraint m1+ m_(max), where was set to 40.0 80.0 runs, respectively. Although detectors...
We present results from a search for gravitational-wave bursts in the data collected by LIGO and Virgo detectors between July 7, 2009 October 20, 2010: are analyzed when at least two of three LIGO-Virgo coincident operation, with total observation time 207 days. The analysis searches transients duration < 1 s over frequency band 64-5000 Hz, without other assumptions on signal waveform, polarization, direction or occurrence time. All identified events consistent expected accidental...
We introduce a novel cooling technique capable of approaching the quantum ground state kilogram-scale system—an interferometric gravitational wave detector. The detectors Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) operate within factor 10 standard limit (SQL), providing displacement sensitivity 10−18 m in 100 Hz band centered on 150 Hz. With new feedback strategy, we dynamically shift resonant frequency 2.7 kg pendulum mode to lie this optimal band, where its effective...
Compact binary systems with neutron stars or black holes are one of the most promising sources for ground-based gravitational wave detectors. Gravitational radiation encodes rich information about source physics; thus parameter estimation and model selection crucial analysis steps any detection candidate events. Detailed models anticipated waveforms enable inference on several parameters, such as component masses, spins, sky location distance that essential new astrophysical studies these...