ABSTRACT In Hypocrea jecorina , Xyr1 (xylanase regulator 1) is the main transcription activator of hydrolase-encoding genes, such as xyn1 xyn2 bxl1 cbh1 cbh2 egl1 and bgl1 . Even though mediates induction signal for all these genes derived from various inducing carbon sources compounds, xyr1 itself not inducible by any substances. However, cultivation on glucose source provokes catabolite repression mediated Cre1. addition, repressed specific factor Ace1. Moreover, permanently available in...

ABSTRACT Hypocrea jecorina is an industrially important filamentous fungus due to its effective production of hydrolytic enzymes. It has received increasing interest because ability convert lignocellulosic biomass monomeric sugars, which can be converted into biofuels or platform chemicals. Genetic engineering strains a highly means meeting the requirements tailor-made applications. Therefore, we report development transformation system that allows efficient gene targeting by using tmus53...

Abstract Background Trichoderma reesei is an organism involved in degradation of (hemi)cellulosic biomass. Consequently, the corresponding enzymes are commonly used different types industries, and recently gained considerable importance for production second-generation biofuel. Many industrial T. strains currently use derived from strain Rut-C30, which cellulase hemicellulase expression released carbon catabolite repression. Nevertheless, inducing substances still necessary a satisfactory...

Abstract Acetone and ethanol extraction of lignin deposits from the surface hydrothermally (liquid hot water) pretreated beech wood biomass alleviates inhibitory effects during enzymatic hydrolysis cellulose to glucose boosts digestibility high values (≈70 %). Characterization extracted lignins (FTIR, pyrolysis/GC–MS, differential thermogravimetry, gel permeation chromatography) indicated purity, low molecular weight, features that suggest it consists mainly fragments native partially...

ABSTRACT The industrially used ascomycete Trichoderma reesei secretes a typical yellow pigment during cultivation, while other species do not. A comparative genomic analysis suggested that putative secondary metabolism cluster, containing two polyketide-synthase encoding genes, is responsible for the synthesis. This cluster conserved in set of rather distantly related fungi, including Acremonium chrysogenum and Penicillium . In an attempt to silence T. , genes transcription factors were...

Global climate change and fossil fuels limitations have boosted the demand for robust efficient microbial factories manufacturing of bio-based products from renewable feedstocks. In this regard, efforts been done to enhance enzyme-secreting ability lignocellulose-degrading fungi, aiming improve protein yields while taking advantage their use lignocellulosic Access sugars in complex polysaccharides depends not only on release by specific hydrolytic enzymes, but also presence transporters...

Rut-C30 is a cellulase-hyperproducing Trichoderma reesei strain and, consequently, became the ancestor of most industry strains used in production plant cell wall-degrading enzymes, particular cellulases. Due to three rounds undirected mutagenesis its genetic background differs from wild-type QM6a many ways, which two are lack 83 kb large sequence scaffold 15 and partial gene encoding Carbon catabolite repressor 1 (CREI). However, it still unclear, what exactly enhances cellulase Rut-C30.The...

Significance Fungi produce a vast number of different chemical compounds via secondary metabolism. These are great interest because their potential applicability in medicine, pharmacy, and biotechnology. In addition, such toxins that potentially represent severe threats to human animal health. However, under standard cultivation conditions, fungal metabolism remains largely inactive. Here, we show the deletion regulator Xylanase promoter binding protein 1 (Xpp1) results production...

Sorbicillinoids are a diverse group of yellow secondary metabolites that produced by range not closely related ascomycetes, including Penicillium chrysogenum, Acremonium and Trichoderma reesei. They share similarity to the name-giving compound sorbicillin, hexaketide. Previously, conserved gene cluster containing two polyketide synthases has been identified as source model for biosynthesis sorbicillin in P. chrysogenum proposed. In this study, we deleted major genes interest T. reesei,...

The state-of-the-art procedure for gene insertions into Trichoderma reesei is a cotransformation of two plasmids, one bearing the interest and other marker gene. This yields up to 80% transformation efficiency, but both number integrated copies loci insertion are unpredictable. can lead tremendous pleiotropic effects. study describes development novel system site-directed based on auxotrophic markers. For this purpose, we tested applicability genes asl1 (encoding an enzyme l-arginine...

Application of filamentous fungi for the production commercial enzymes such as amylase, cellulase, or xylanase is on rise due to increasing demand degrade several complex carbohydrates raw material biotechnological processes. Also, protein by food and feed gains importance. In any case, involves both cellular synthesis secretion outside cell. Unfortunately, proteins can be hampered accumulation unfolded misfolded in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) a result too high (heterologous) expression. To...

The ascomycete Trichoderma reesei is industrially used for the production of cellulases. During process xylanases are co-secreted, which uses energy and nutrients. Cellulases share same main regulators, makes a knowledge-based strain design difficult. However, previously cis-element in promoter xylanase-encoding gene was identified as binding site putative repressor. Subsequently, three candidate repressors were pull-down approach. expression most promising candidate, Xpp1 (Xylanase...

Due to its capability secrete large quantities of plant biomass degrading enzymes (PBDE), Trichoderma reesei is widely applied for industrial purposes. In nature, expression PBDE efficiently regulated in this fungus. Several factors involved regulatory network have been identified. However, most them are transcription factors. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) emerged as common players acting on epigenetic or transcriptional regulation several eukaryotic organisms. To date, no lncRNA has...

The filamentous ascomycete T. reesei is industrially used to produce cellulases and xylanases. Cost-effective production of a bottleneck for biofuel production. Previously, different strain process optimizations were deployed enhance enzyme rates. One approach the overexpression main activator Xyr1 second construction synthetic transcription factors. Notably, these genetic manipulations introduced into strains bearing wild-type xyr1 gene locus.Here, we constructed Xyr1-deficient expressing...

For Hypocrea jecorina (anamorph Trichoderma reesei), a filamentous fungus used for hydrolase production in different industries, it has been long-term practice to use d-xylose as an inducing substance. We demonstrate this study that the degree of xylanase-encoding gene induction strictly depends on concentration d-xylose, which was found be optimal from 0.5 1 mM 3 h cultivation. At higher concentrations reduced level xylanase expression observed. In present study, we also provide evidence...

Aspergillus niger is an important organism for the production of industrial enzymes such as hemicellulases and pectinases. The xylan-backbone monomer, d-xylose, inducing substance coordinate expression a large number polysaccharide-degrading enzymes. In this study, responses 22 genes to low (1 mM) high (50 d-xylose concentrations were investigated. These encode that function xylan backbone-degrading enzymes, accessory cellulose-degrading or involved in pentose catabolic pathway A. niger....

Trichoderma reesei is used for industry-scale production of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes, in particular cellulases, but also xylanases. The expression the encoding genes was so far primarily investigated on level transcriptional regulation by regulatory proteins. Otherwise, impact chromatin remodelling gene received hardly any attention. In this study we aimed to learn if status changes context applied conditions (repressing/inducing), and presence or absence essential transactivator,...

The filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei (T. reesei) is a natural producer of cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes therefore industrially used. Many industries require high amounts enzymes, in particular cellulases. Strain improvement strategies by random mutagenesis yielded the industrial ancestor strain Rut-C30. A key property Rut-C30 partial release from carbon catabolite repression caused truncation repressor Cre1 (Cre1-96). In T. wild-type full cre1 deletion leads to pleiotropic...

The ascomycete Trichoderma reesei is used for the production of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes in industrial scale. interplay transactivator Xyr1 and repressor Cre1 mainly regulates expression these enzymes. During induc-ing conditions, such as presence sophorose, transcription two major cellulase-encoding genes, cbh1 cbh2, activated well xyr1. In D-glucose carbon catabolite repression mediated by takes place down-regulated. this study we compare chromatin status xyr1, cbh1, cbh2...