The centromere is the part of chromosome that organizes kinetochore, which mediates movement during mitosis and meiosis. A small fragment from 3, named Duplication 3a (Dp3a), was described UV-irradiated materials by Stadler Roman in 1940s [Stadler LJ, H (1948) Genetics 33(3):273–303]. genetic behavior Dp3a reminiscent a ring chromosome, but fluoresecent situ hybridization detected telomeres at both ends, suggesting linear structure. This has no detectable canonical centromeric sequences,...

Summary Histone phosphorylation is dynamically regulated during cell division, for example of histone H3 (H3)‐Ser10, H3‐Thr11 and H3‐Ser28. Here we analyzed maize ( Zea mays L) Thr133‐phosphorylated H2A, which important spindle checkpoint control localization the centromere cohesion protector Shugoshin in mammals yeast. Immunostaining results indicate that phosphorylated H2A‐Thr133 signals bridged those centromeric variant CENH3 by using a plant displaying yellow fluorescent protein‐CENH3...

Significance Epigenetic modifications, such as histone methylation, are crucial for gene expression, chromatin organization, and cellular identity. These modifications can be faithfully transmitted to daughter cells during the cell cycle. How epigenetic marks inherited through DNA replication remains poorly understood. Histone hypoacetylation H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) methylation two conserved of heterochromatin, a transcriptionally repressive form chromatin. Here we demonstrate that small...

Background: Acute ventricular septal rupture (VSR) following blunt chest trauma is a rare but life-threatening complication. Early surgical repair challenging due to fragile myocardial tissue, and delayed surgery improves survival. Case Presentation: A 15-year-old male in cardiogenic shock after was managed with off-label closure of traumatic VSR using patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occluder, the procedure stabilized hemodynamics allowed repair. Conclusions: Minimally invasive PDA occluder...

Abstract The centromere is a specific chromosomal locus that organizes the assembly of kinetochore. It plays fundamental role in accurate chromosome segregation. In most eukaryotic organisms, each contains single position and function which are epigenetically specified. Occasionally, centromeres form at ectopic loci, can be detrimental to cell. However, mechanisms protect cell against (neocentromeres) remain poorly understood. Centromere protein-A (CENP-A), centromere-specific histone 3 (H3)...

The maize (Zea mays) B centromere is composed of centromere-specific repeats (ZmBs), satellite (CentC), and centromeric retrotransposons (CRM). Here we describe a newly formed in maize, which has lost CentC sequences dramatically reduced CRM ZmBs sequences, but still retains the molecular features functional centromeres, such as CENH3, H2A phosphorylation at Thr-133, H3 Ser-10, Thr-3 immunostaining signals. This new stable can be transmitted to offspring through meiosis. Anti-CENH3 chromatin...

Based on the analysis of 20 different monocot and eudicot species, we propose that centromeric distribution phosphorylated histone H2AThr120 is evolutionary highly conserved across species with mono- holocentric chromosomes. Therefore, antibodies recognizing threonine 120 H2A can serve as a universal marker for cytological detection centromeres holokinetic plant species. In addition, super resolution microscopy signals specific to centromere-specific H3 variant CENH3 H2AThr120ph revealed...

Involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis diabetic microvascular complications has been proposed. Recently, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) reported to serve as a new sensitive biomarker DNA damage vivo. This study was undertaken investigate whether urinary levels 8-OHdG are altered patients with type 2 diabetes. The authors also attempted analyze relationship between and other clinical parameters diabetes, especially severity retinal lesions retinopathy.The studied 60...

The genomic stability of all organisms requires precise cell division with proper chromosome orientation. Bub1-H2Aph-Sgo1 pathway and spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) components have been identified in yeast mammals that are important for sister centromere orientation segregation. However, their roles plants not clear. Maize meiotic mutants minichromosomes were used to study the role H2AThr133 phosphorylation SAC Unlike previously reported, protein Bub1-Sgo1 recruitment was independent Rec8...

Centromere is a specialized chromatin domain that plays vital role in chromosome segregation. In most eukaryotes, centromere surrounded by the epigenetically distinct heterochromatin domain. Heterochromatin has been shown to contribute function, but precise of specification remains elusive. Centromeres including fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe), are defined histone H3 (H3) variant CENP-A. contrast, budding Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetically-defined point centromeres. The...

Summary Haspin‐mediated phosphorylation of histone H3 at threonine 3 (H3T3ph) promotes proper deposition Aurora B the inner centromere to ensure faithful chromosome segregation in metazoans. However, function H3T3ph remains relatively unexplored plants. Here, we show that maize ( Zea mays L.) mitotic cells, is concentrated pericentromeric and centromeric regions. Additional weak signals occur between cohered sister chromatids prometaphase. Immunostaining on dicentric chromosomes reveals an...

To analyze the dynamic changes of serum thyrotrophin receptor antibody (TRAb) and thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) in Graves' disease (GD) patients before after radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment to investigate if TRAb TPOAb play a role occurrence early hypothyroidism 131I therapy for hyperthyroidism.A total 240 newly diagnosed with GD were selected study. A clinical laboratory assessment was performed at 3, 6, 12 months therapy. Chemiluminescent immunoassays used detect free triiodothyronine...

<i>Objective:</i> This study aims to comprehensively analyze the factors influencing efficacy of bone marrow platelet-rich plasma (BMPRP) therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. <i>Methods: </i>In this clinical investigation, autologous was harvested from participants, followed by isolation BMPRP. Patients then underwent ultrasound-guided infusion BMPRP directly into pancreas. The follow-up period for evaluating treatment...

Abstract Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) is an early event associated with cardiovascular complications and poor prognosis in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing dialysis. In this study, we investigated whether dysfunction, measured by the E/E′ ratio, affects adverse outcomes peritoneal dialysis (PD) (n = 148). Our results showed that ratio ≥ 15 were more likely to be female, have a longer vintage, significantly higher left atrial volume index kinetic energy levels,...

Tandem DNA repeats are often organized into heterochromatin that is crucial for genome organization and stability. Recent studies revealed individual within tandem can behave very differently. How assembled distinct structures remains poorly understood. Here, we developed a genome-wide genetic screen using reporter gene at different units in repeat array. This led to identification of conserved protein Rex1BD required silencing. Our structural analysis forms four-helix bundle structure with...

Significance Precise chromosome segregation relies on kinetochores. How kinetochores are precisely assembled centromeres through the cell cycle remains poorly understood. Centromeres in most eukaryotes epigenetically marked by nucleosomes containing histone H3 variant, CENP-A. Here, we demonstrated that Ccp1, an anti–CENP-A loading factor, interacts with N terminus of CENP-T to promote assembly outer kinetochore Ndc80 complex. This work further suggests competitive exclusion between Ccp1 and...

The aim of this study was to establish a metastatic human neuroblastoma (NB) mouse model by xenograft in order the mechanisms NB.A NB cell line obtained from 5-year-old patient and cultured vitro.A suspension these cells subcutaneously inoculated into nude mice at right flank next forelimb.The biological characteristics developed subcutaneous tumors were analyzed hematoxylin eosin staining.The expression tumor marker neuron-specific enolase determined immunohistochemistry, invasive ability...

Abstract Heterochromatin is generally associated with the nuclear periphery, but how spatial organization of heterochromatin regulated to ensure epigenetic silencing remains unclear. Here we found that Sad1, an inner membrane SUN-family protein in fission yeast, interacts histone H2A-H2B not H3-H4. We solved crystal structure binding motif (HBM) Sad1 complex H2A-H2B, revealing intimate contacts between HBM and H2A-H2B. Structure-based mutagenesis studies revealed H2A-H2B-binding activity...