Electrical and optical properties of low-temperature, plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposited films TiO2 have been studied; the source gases were TiCl4 O2. The amorphous, as-deposited had a dielectric constant ∼33 consistent with their measured density 3.2 ± 0.2 g cm−3. Films using −41 V substrate bias contained anatase phase some rutile as evidenced from infrared spectroscopy x-ray scattering. Annealing these at 600 °C resulted in significant increase content film.

Microscale four-leaf clover-shaped structures are formed by self-assembly of anionic and cationic porphyrins. Depending on the metal complexed in porphyrin macrocycle (Zn or Sn), cores either electron donors acceptors. All four combinations these two metals tetra(N-ethanol-4-pyridinium)porphyrin tetra(sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin result related cloverlike with similar crystalline packing indicated X-ray diffraction patterns. The clover morphology transforms as ionic strength temperature...

The effects of zinc concentration on the performance solution processed amorphous indium gallium oxide (a-IGZO) thin film transistors (TFTs) have been investigated using high-k aluminum titanium as gate dielectric. x-ray diffraction results confirmed that all IGZO channel layers are amorphous. a-IGZO TFTs were in linear regime operation. Highest field-effect mobility 5.8 cm2/V s with an Ion/Ioff ratio 6×107 and subthreshold swing 0.28 V/dec obtained for (311) TFTs. is very promising...

Varying the solution growth conditions of cooperative binary ionic solids composed anionic and cationic metalloporphyrins produces a series families self-assembled structures that efficiently durably photosensitize evolution hydrogen.

Crystalline solids self-assembled from anionic and cationic porphyrins provide a new class of multifunctional optoelectronic micro- nanomaterials. A 1 : combination zinc(II) tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (ZnTPPS) tin(IV) tetra(N-methyl-4-pyridiniumyl)porphyrin (SnTNMePyP) gives porphyrin nanosheets with high aspect ratios varying thickness. The room temperature preparation the has provided first X-ray crystal structure cooperative binary ionic (CBI) solid. unit cell contains one one-half...

GaN nanowires are promising for optical and optoelectronic applications because of their waveguiding properties large band gap. However, developing a precise, scalable, cost-effective fabrication method with high degree controllability to obtain high-aspect-ratio minimum crystal defects remains challenge. Here, we present scalable two-step top-down approach using interferometric lithography, which parameters can be controlled precisely achieve highly ordered arrays excellent quality desired...

A wide bandgap, an enhanced piezoelectric coefficient, and low dielectric permittivity are some of the outstanding properties that have made ScxAl1−xN a promising material in numerous MEMS optoelectronics applications. One substantial challenges fabricating devices is its difficulty etching, specifically with higher scandium concentration. In this work, we developed experimental approach high temperature annealing followed by wet etching process using tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH),...

Solar (photovoltaic)-agriculture practices have experienced notable progress across several countries over the past few decades, creating a field widely known as agrivoltaics. This co-location practice has proved effective for certain crops that prefer partial shade like tomatoes, lettuce, and peppers, although it is less needing more sun. Availability of natural sunlight with specific spectral signature necessary agricultural many plant species require an optimum-level quality...

The exceptional material properties of Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3) make it an excellent platform for a wide range RF, MEMS, phononic and photonic applications; however, nano-micro scale device concepts require high fidelity processing LN films. Here, we reported highly optimized methodology that achieves deep etch with nearly vertical smooth sidewalls. We demonstrated Ti/Al/Cr stack works perfectly as hard mask during long plasma dry etching, where periodically pausing the etching chemical...

Cooperative binary ionic (CBI) solids comprise a versatile new class of opto-electronic and catalytic materials consisting ionically self-assembled pairs organic anions cations. Herein, we report CBI nanocomposites formed by growing nanoparticles one type porphyrin solid onto second substructure with complementary functionality.

The research results presented in this paper are part of a larger study on the materials and techniques used polychrome altarpieces gilded woodcarving decoration ("talha dourada") Portugal. focuses narrative Portuguese Altarpiece from Miranda do Douro, considered one masterpieces "talha dourada" among all retables Iberian Peninsula XVII(th) XVIII(th) centuries. Although territory, altarpiece was made by artists Royal Spanish school Valladolid, under mannerist style. Thus opens window...

The present work focuses on a qualitative analysis of localised I–V characteristics based the nanostructure morphology highly dense arrays p-type NiO nano-pillars (NiO-NPs). Vertically aligned NiO-NPs have been grown different substrates by using glancing angle deposition (GLAD) technique. preferred orientation as was controlled pressure. displayed polar surface with microscopic dipole moment along (111) plane (Tasker's type III). Consequently, crystal dependent electron accumulation layer...

Thin-films of copper oxide (Cu <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</i> O) were sputtered from a metallic (Cu) target and studied as function oxygen partial pressure (O <sub xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">PP</sub> ). A Cu film with cubic structure obtained 0% O has been transformed to xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> phase for the increase in 9% but then changed monoclinic CuO (for ≥ 25%). The variation...

The pH of the solution from which a cooperative binary ionic material is formed can alter charges organic anions and cations thus composition, crystal structure, properties materials obtained by self-assembly. In particular, this pH/charge effect provides means synthetic control over morphologies solids cationic anionic porphyrins. case titration an axial hydroxide ligand metal porphyrin to water, charge increases +1 with little perturbation molecular structure constituent anion or cation....

This work establishes a multiscale and multitechnique nondestructive approach as valid methodology for monitoring surface properties evaluating the effectiveness of enzymatic removal varnishes from paintings/polychrome artefacts. Mock-up samples (documented reconstructions oil, tempera, gilded layers on canvas wooden supports) were covered with different proteinaceous (egg white, animal fish glue, casein) then characterized before after these coatings enzyme-based solutions. The varnish was...

ABSTRACT This article proposes an innovative methodology which employs nondestructive techniques to assess the effectiveness of new formulations based on ionic liquids, as alternative solvents for enzymes (proteases), removal proteinaceous materials from painted surfaces during restoration treatments. Ionic liquids (ILs), also known “designer” solvents, because their peculiar properties can be adjusted by selecting different cation‐anion combinations, are potentially green due totheir low...

Imaging of high-aspect-ratio nanostructures with sharp edges and straight walls in nanoscale metrology by atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been challenging due to the mechanical properties conical geometry majority available commercial tips. Here we report on fabrication GaN probes for structures enhance resolution AFM imaging improve durability nanowires were fabricated using bottom-up top-down techniques bonded Si cantilevers scan vertical trenches substrates. Over several scans,...

The design process for transparent conductive aluminum zinc oxide film AZO is presented in this document. optimized RF conductivity and light transmittance properties of such make it an attractive candidate antennas that are proposed integration with solar cells.

Abstract This paper proposes the first results of a larger study on behavior gilded surfaces polychrome heritage artefacts with aim to understanding surface patterns and roughness variations before after specific treatments (burnishing varnishing). can be useful trace correlations between compositional features, manufacturing applications/elaboration processes gilding layers pattern topography, also some insights into degradation/corrosion mechanisms. The obtained imitations further for...

The patterning process in field-emission scanning probe lithography (FE-SPL), a high-resolution and cost-effective method for nanofabrication, is based on the field emission of electrons from ultrasharp tips close proximity to sample (distances below 100 nm). Thereby, emitted expose directly an ultrathin resist film. enhancement at tip apex crucial current, which follows Fowler–Nordheim theory. Despite success FE-SPL systematic experimental studies process, including determination radius...

A short passive planar micromixer was experimentally optimised using statistical methods to determine parameter significance and most desirable geometry.