Neonatal neuromonitoring is a major clinical focus of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and there an increasing interest in measuring cerebral blood flow (CBF) oxidative metabolism (CMRO2) addition to the classic tissue oxygenation saturation (StO2). The purpose this study was assess ability broadband NIRS combined with diffusion correlation (DCS) measured changes StO2, CBF CMRO2 preterm infants undergoing pharmaceutical treatment patent ductus arteriosus. by both DCS contrast-enhanced for...

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a common disorder among preterm neonates that routinely diagnosed and monitored by 2D cranial ultrasound (US). The cerebral ventricles of patients with IVH often have period ventricular dilation (ventriculomegaly). This initial increase in ventricle size can either spontaneously resolve, which shows clinically as stabilization eventual decline back towards more normal size, or progressive does not stabilize may require interventional therapy to reduce...

Dilatation of the cerebral ventricles is a common condition in preterm neonates with intraventricular hemorrhage. This posthemorrhagic ventricle dilatation (PHVD) can lead to lifelong neurological impairment through ischemic injury due increased intracranial pressure, and without treatment death. Two-dimensional ultrasound (US) fontanelles patients serially acquired monitor progression PHVD. These images are used conjunction clinical experience physical exams determine when interventional...

Preterm neonates with a very low birth weight of less than 1,500 grams are at increased risk for developing intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), which is major cause brain injury in preterm neonates. Quantitative measurements ventricular dilatation or shrinkage play an important role monitoring patients and evaluating treatment options. 3D ultrasound (US) has been developed to monitor ventricle volume as biomarker changes. However, global indicator does not allow precise analysis local...

The aim of this study is to compare longitudinal two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) ultrasound (US) estimates ventricle size in preterm neonates with posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation (PHVD) using quantitative measurements the lateral ventricles. Cranial 2-D US 3-D images were acquired from neonatal patients diagnosed PHVD within 10 min each other one two times per week analyzed offline. Ventricle index, anterior horn width, third thalamo-occipital distance measured on...

Cells exhibit the ability to sense and respond local mechanical stimuli, leading changes in function. This capability, referred as mechanotransduction, is essential normal tissue function, but exact mechanisms by which cells forces (strain, shear, compression vibration) remain unclear. Recent studies small animals humans indicate that frequency of cyclic stimuli important, with physiological responses observed for ranging between 1 90 Hz. To better understand cellular molecular underlying it...

Clinical intracranial ultrasound (US) is performed as a standard of care on neonates at risk intraventricular hemorrhaging (IVH) and also used after diagnosis to monitor for potential ventricular dilation. However, it difficult estimate the volume ventricles with 2D US due their irregular shape. We developed 3D system be an adjunct clinical investigate volumetric changes in IVH. Our has been found have error within 1% actual distance measurements all three directions manually segmented...

Purpose: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a major cause of brain injury in preterm neonates. Three dimensional ultrasound (US) imaging systems have been developed to visualize 3D anatomical structure neonatal intracranial ventricular system with IVH and dilation. To allow quantitative analysis, the ventricle required be segmented accurately efficiently from US images. Although semiautomatic segmentation algorithms developed, local accuracy variability associated these should evaluated...

One of the major non-congenital cause neurological impairment among neonates born very preterm is intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) - bleeding within lateral ventricles. Most IVH patients will have a transient period ventricle dilation that resolves spontaneously. However, those most at risk long-term are who progressive as this causes macrocephaly, an abnormally enlarged head, then later increases intracranial pressure (ICP). 2D ultrasound (US) images through fontanelles serially acquired...

Dilation of the cerebral ventricles is a common condition in preterm neonates with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). This post hemorrhagic ventricle dilation (PHVD) can lead to lifelong neurological impairment through ischemic injury due increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Interventions, such as ventricular tapping remove cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), are used prevent injury, but determining optimal time for treatment difficult clinical signs ICP lack sensitivity. There growing interest...

Dilation of the cerebral ventricles is a common condition in preterm neonates with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). This post hemorrhagic ventricle dilation (PHVD) can lead to lifelong neurological impairment through ischemic injury due increased intracranial pressure and without treatment, death. Clinically, 2D ultrasound (US) fontanelles ('soft spots') patients are serially acquired monitor progression dilation. These images used determine when interventional therapies such as needle...

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a major cause of brain injury in preterm neonates. Quantitative measurement ventricular dilation or shrinkage important for monitoring patients and evaluation treatment options. 3D ultrasound (US) has been used to monitor the ventricle volume as biomarker dilation. However, volumetric quantification does not provide information where occurs. The location occurs may be related specific neurological problems later life. For example, posterior horn...

3D Ultrasound (US) has been developed recently to image the intracranial ventricular system of pre-term neonates in order monitor these patients for intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and resultant dilatation ventricles. US is capable providing volumetric ventricle measurements, compared clinically used 2D US, relying on linear measurements from a single slice, visual quantitative estimates determine severity dilatation. In this work, we propose convex optimization-based segmentation approach...

OBJECTIVE Some neonates born prematurely with intraventricular hemorrhage develop posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and require lifelong treatment to divert the flow of CSF. Early prediction eventual need for a ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) is difficult, early discussions families are based on statistics grade hemorrhage. The authors hypothesize that change in ventricular volume during taps measured repeated 3D ultrasound (3D US) imaging lateral ventricles could be used assess risk future...

Dilated lateral ventricles in neonates can be due to many different causes, such as brain loss, or congenital malformation; however, the main cause is hydrocephalus, which accumulation of fluid within ventricular system. Hydrocephalus raise intracranial pressure resulting secondary damage, and up 25% patients with severely enlarged have epilepsy later life. Ventricle enlargement clinically monitored using 2D US through fontanels. The sensitivity dilation poor because it cannot provide...