This study introduces a novel green synthesis method using Hyphaene Thebaica fruit extracts to produce WO3 nanoflakes. The synthesized material exhibits remarkable visible light photocatalytic efficiency in degrading Methylene Blue (MB) and Congo Red (CR) pollutants. With removal efficiencies exceeding 98% for MB 93% CR within short durations, the nanoflakes show promise water treatment. Trapping experiments suggest that hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide, holes are primary reactive...

Photocatalytic activity in the visible part of solar spectrum (442 nm) is demonstrated for highly organized mesoporous nanocrystalline titania thin films doped with thiourea. This property, which interest further development photovoltaic devices operating sunlight, revealed by monitoring photodegradation methylene blue (see figure) upon contact an N-doped TiO2 film as a function irradiation time and thickness.

Ellipsometry and X-ray reflectivity were used to characterize the mass density glass transition temperature of supported polystyrene (PS) thin films as a function their thickness. By measuring critical wave vector (qc) on plateau total external reflection, we evidence that PS get denser in confined state when film thickness is below 50 nm. Refractive indices (n) electron profiles measurements confirm this statement. The 6 nm (0.4 gyration radius, Rg) thick 30% greater than 150 (10Rg) film. A...

The physical features of the CZTSe compound make it excellent for use as a power absorber material in thin-layer solar cells. In this article, we report simulation novel hetero-structures cells based on CZTSe, without and with NiO HTL {(Al-ZnO/CdS/CZTSe/Mo) (Al-ZnO/CdS/CZTSe/NiO HTL/Mo)} employing Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator-1D (SCAPS-1D) to investigate properties their application PV Al-ZnO CdS films have been introduced transparent conductor oxide an electron transport layer,...

It is now recognized that self-assembly a powerful synthetic approach to the fabrication of nanostructures with feature sizes smaller than achievable state art lithography and complexity approaching biological systems. For example, recent research has shown silica/surfactant combined evaporation (so-called induced EISA) can direct formation porous composite thin-film mesostructures characterized by precise periodic arrangements inorganic organic constituents on 1-50-nm scale. Despite...

Surfactant templated silica mesophases belong to the class of self-assembled materials that exhibit long range ordered two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal, three-dimensional (3D) or 3D cubic mesostructures when composition initial deposited solution and its aging time have been optimized. Thin films such with a thickness typically less than 300 nm are now routinely obtained by dip coating. In this study reference was used chemical leading formation thin hexagonal (P63/mmc) mesostructure Thick...

The ternary phase diagram of the amphiphilic triblock copolymer PEO−PPO−PEO ((EO)20(PO)70(EO)20 commercialized under generic name P123), water, and ethanol has been investigated at constant temperature (T = 23 °C) by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). microstructure resulting from self-assembly block varies micelles in solution to various types liquid crystalline phases such as cubic, 3D hexagonal close packed spheres (HCPS), 2D hexagonal, lamellar when concentration polymer is increased....

Experimental evidence derived from a comprehensive study of self-assembled organosilane multilayer film system undergoing process postassembly chemical modification that affects interlayer-located polar groups the constituent molecules while preserving its overall molecular architecture allows quantitative evaluation both degree intralayer polymerization and interlayer covalent bonding silane headgroups in highly ordered layer assembly this type. The investigated consists layer-by-layer...

In polymer physics, the dewetting of spin-coated polystyrene ultrathin films on silicon remains mysterious. By adopting a simple top-down method based good solvent rinsing, we are able to prepare flat with controlled thickness ranging from 1.3 7.0 nm. Their stability was scrutinized after classical annealing procedure above glass transition temperature. Films were found be stable oxide-free irrespective film thickness, while they unstable (<2.9 nm) and metastable (>2.9 2 nm oxide-covered...

The use of X-ray and neutron reflectivity has been generalized worldwide for scientists who want to determine specific physical properties (such as electron-density profile, scattering-length density, roughness thickness) films less than 200 nm thick deposited on a substrate. This paper describes freeware program named REFLEX , which is standalone dedicated the simulation analysis from multilayers. was first written two decades ago constantly improved since, but never published until now....

Copper-doped ZnO nanoparticles with a dopant concentration varying from 1-7 mol% were synthesized and their structural, magnetic, photocatalytic properties studied using XRD, TEM, SQUID magnetometry, EPR, UV-vis spectroscopy, first-principles methods within the framework of density functional theory (DFT). Structural analysis indicated highly crystalline Cu-doped hexagonal wurtzite structure, irrespective concentration. EDX EPR studies incorporation doped Cu

We discuss the scattering of x rays by matter using Huygens-Fresnel method, i.e., in kinematic regime. derive expressions for how mutual coherence function (MCF) scattered radiation defined across an exit aperture, arises from MCF incident entrance aperture and electron density distribution scatterer, particular calculate intensity measured a detector placed behind as nominal wave vector transfer q. exact relationship between this usual density-density correlation instrumental resolution...

We here describe a rapid method for synthesizing hollow core, porous crystalline calcium carbonate microspheres composed of vaterite using supercritical carbon dioxide in aqueous media, without surfactants. show that the reaction alkaline media rapidly conducts to formation with an average diameter 5 µm. SEM, TEM and AFM observations reveal have core around 0.7 µm width are nanograins 40 nm. These responsible high specific surface area 16 m2 g−1 deduced from nitrogen absorption/desorption...

Abstract Quasi‐solid‐state dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) fabricated with lightweight flexible substrates have a great potential in wearable electronic devices for situ powering. However, the poor lifespan of these DSSCs limits their practical application. Strong mechanical stresses involved applications cause breakage electrode/electrolyte interface greatly affecting performance and lifetime. Here, mechanically robust, low‐cost, long‐lasting, environment‐friendly quasi‐solid‐state DSSC...

Abstract Coccolithophores of the Noëlaerhabdaceae family are covered by imbricated coccoliths, each composed multiple calcite crystals radially distributed around periphery a grid. The factors that determine coccolith size remain obscure. Here, we used synchrotron-based three-dimensional Coherent X-ray Diffraction Imaging to study coccoliths 7 species Gephyrocapsa , Emiliania and Reticulofenestra with resolution close 30 nm. Segmentation 45 revealed remarkable size, mass segment number...

Formation of colloidal vaterite nanoparticles via mixing groundwater and uranyl.

ABSTRACT This study presents, for the first time, comparison of behavior between two commonly found plant species, their extracts, and major constituents (glucose sucrose constituting over 70% dried extract) to synthesize zinc oxide ( ZnO ) nanoparticles (NPs) from nitrate hexahydrate. The findings underscore critical role sugars as key in facilitating this synthesis. research demonstrates that process can occur at relatively low temperatures (120°C). However, it necessitates a specific...

Ultrathin, highly crystalline, mesostructured metal oxide layers, as shown in the figure, have been prepared by sol–gel processing using a modified evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) approach. This approach can be exploited for generation of periodic surface structures featuring well-defined in-plane mesostructure and high crystallinity at same time. Supporting information this article is available on WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2006/c0258_s.pdf or from author....

A selective solvent induced surface reconstruction of thin films an asymmetric diblock copolymer poly(styrene-b-methyl methacrylate) was investigated by grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering, reflectivity, and atomic force microscopy. It is quantitatively shown that the swelling minor component results in formation a nanoporous film where initial hexagonal array preserved without affecting lattice constant, 40.7 nm. However, thickness increased ∼17%, average electron density...