Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is one of the highly infectious diseases in dairy cows with characteristics high incidence and nonvisible clinical symptoms. The gastrointestinal microbiota closely related to mastitis. Inulin a prebiotic fiber functions improving intestinal microbial communities enhancing host's immunity. However, impact dietary inulin on rumen inner environment remains unknown. current study investigated whether could relieve SCM by affecting profiles ruminal bacterial...

Abstract Background Due to the high prevalence and complex etiology, bovine mastitis (BM) is one of most important diseases compromise dairy cow health milk quality. The shift in compositions has been widely investigated during mastitis, but recent studies suggested that gastrointestinal microorganism also a crucial effect on inflammation other peripheral tissues organs, including mammary gland. However, research focused variation rumen inner-environment still limited. Therefore, ruminal...

This study investigated the effects of inulin on rumen fermentation parameters, ruminal microbiome and metabolites, as well lactation performance serum indexes in dairy cows. Sixteen Holstein cows with similar body conditions were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 8 per group), addition at 0 200 g/d cow. The experiment lasted for 6 weeks, including a 1-week adaptation period 5-week treatment period. At end experimental period, milk, fluid sampled analyzed. metabolome analyzed via 16S rRNA...

Milk extracellular vesicles (EVs) are rich in abundant bioactive macromolecules, such as glycoconjugates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, these might transmit signals to human consumers.

Harboring various proteins, lipids, and RNAs, the extracellular vesicles (EVs) in milk exert vital tissue-specific immune-protective functions neonates via these bioactive cargos. This study aims to explore anti-inflammatory effects of bovine milk-derived EVs on a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model determine underlying molecular mechanisms. Sixty C57BL/6 mice were divided into NC group (normal control), DSS (DSS + PBS), LOW 1.5 × 108 p/g EVs), MID 109 HIG 1.0 1010 EVs)....

Mastitis is generally considered a local inflammatory disease caused by the invasion of exogenous pathogens and resulting in dysbiosis microbiota metabolites milk. However, entero-mammary pathway theory may establish possible link between some endogenous gut bacteria occurrence development mastitis. In current study, we attempted to investigate differences profile metabolite composition serum from healthy cows those with subclinical mastitis clinical Compared cows, microbial community...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global health problem in which metabolite alteration plays an important pathogenic role.

Mastitis affects almost all mammals including humans and dairy cows. In the industry, bovine mastitis is a disease with persistently high incidence, causing serious losses to health of cows, quality products, economy farms. Although local udder infection caused by invasion exogenous pathogens into mammary gland was considered main cause mastitis, evidence has been established continues grow, showing that nutrition factors gastrointestinal microbiome (GM) as well their metabolites are also...

Milk is a dynamic source of nutrients and bioactive factors, varying with the nutrition status cattle. We partly replaced alfalfa hay whole cotton seed soybean hull (non-forage fiber source, NFFS) in feed formula treated cows evaluated effects on milk extracellular vesicles (EVs). The NFFS supplement did not affect shape EVs observed using transmission electron microscope. Nanoparticle tracking analysis revealed that EV concentration increased significantly (P = 0.019), peak diameter...

The internal environment of the cow's udder directly affects health and milk quality. 16S rDNA sequencing liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) methods were used to investigate significant differences in microbial diversity metabolites among cows that are healthy (H) those suffering from subclinical mastitis (SM) clinical (CM). Results uncovered more than 16 192 differently abundant microbiota at phylum genus levels, respectively, 673 different levels enriched 20 pathways 3 groups....

Dairy cows in early lactation are prone to a negative energy balance because their dry matter intake cannot meet the requirements of lactation. Rumen-protected glucose is used as an effective feed additive alleviate dairy However, one thing that overlooked people often think rumen-protected not degraded rumen, thus ignoring its impact on microorganisms rumen environment. Our investigation and previous experiments have found partially rumen. there few reports this subject. Therefore, we...

Evidence shows that effective nutritional intervention can prevent or mitigate the risk and morbidity of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Bovine milk extracellular vesicles (mEVs), a major bioactive constituent milk, play an important role in maintaining intestinal health. The aims this study were to assess effects mEV pre-supplementation on colonic transcriptome proteome dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis, order understand underlying molecular mechanisms protection against...

The ME and NE requirements of Dorper crossbred ewe lambs grown from 35 to 50 kg BW were assessed in a comparative slaughter trial. Thirty-five (33.5 ± 0.6 BW) F1 crosses purebred thin-tailed Han sheep used: 7 slaughtered at the start trial provide baseline measures body composition fed ad libitum when they reached 43 intermediate composition. remaining 21 divided into 3 groups each pelleted mixed diet (concentrate:roughage = 44:56, DM basis) for intake or 65 45% intake. All group BW. Total...

3-Nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) is effective at reducing ruminal methane emissions in ruminants. But it also causes a drastic increase hydrogen accumulation, resulting feed energy waste. Fumarate key precursor for propionate formation and plays an important role rumen metabolism. Therefore, this study examined the effects of 3-NOP combined with fumarate on volatile fatty acids, methanogenesis, microbial community structures dairy cows

Kelp powder, which was rich in novel oligosaccharides and iodine might be utilized by the rumen microbiome, promoted ruminal fermentation finally enhanced lactation performance of dairy cows. Therefore, purpose this study to investigate effects kelp powder partially replacing dietary forage on (2) Methods: In present study, 20 Chinese Holstein cows were randomly divided into two treatments, a control diet (CON) (Kelp) for 35-d long trial. Dry matter intake (DMI), milk production, quality,...

The occurrence and development of mastitis is linked to dysbiostic gastrointestinal microbiota. Inulin a dietary prebiotic that improves the profile intestinal flora. Our previous study showed inulin supplementation could improve ruminal microbes subclinical (SCM) cows. current attempted further investigate response hindgut (fecal) microbiome metabolites, serum metabolism, protein expression in SCM Different levels (0, 100, 200, 300, 400 g/day per cow) were supplemented Compared with control...

There is evidence indicating that using the current UK energy feeding system to ration present sheep flocks may underestimate their nutrient requirements. The objective of study was address this issue by developing updated maintenance requirements for and evaluating if these were influenced a range dietary animal factors. Data (n = 131) used collated from five experiments with (5 18 months old 29.0 69.8 kg BW) undertaken at Agri-Food Biosciences Institute 2013 2017. trials designed evaluate...

Wheat straw is considered an abundant lignocellulosic biomass source in China. However, its recalcitrance hinders the degradation of wheat by enzymes and microbes. In this study, we investigated optimum steam explosion conditions pretreated response surface methodology to improve nutrition level as a feedstuff for ruminant industry or feedstock biofuel production. The highest volatile fatty acid (VFA) yield (30.50 mmol L-1) was obtained at 2.3 MPa, 90 s moisture content 36.46%. Under optimal...

We evaluated the effects of propylene glycol (PG) on in vitro ruminal fermentation, methanogenesis, and microbial community structure. A completely randomized design was conducted incubation, 4 culture PG dose levels (0, 7.5, 15, 22.5 μL/g dry matter) were used trial. Based fermentation results, control group (0 matter, CON) second treatment (15.0 TRT) chosen for further analysis to explore bacterial archaeal The concentrations propanol, propanal, succinate increased linearly, whereas...