Groups of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease, either medicated or unmedicated, were compared matched groups normal controls on a computerized battery previously shown to be sensitive frontal lobe dysfunction, including tests planning, spatial working memory and attentional set-shifting. In series problems based the ‘Tower London’ test, disease impaired in amount time spent thinking about (planning) solution each problem. Additionally, an impairment terms accuracy produced this test...

The contemporary concept of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as defined in the DSM-IV-TR (American Psychiatric Association 2000) is relatively new. Excessive hyperactive, inattentive, and impulsive children have been described literature since nineteenth century. Some early depictions etiological theories were similar to current descriptions ADHD. Detailed studies behavior hyperactive increasing knowledge brain function changed concepts fundamental behavioral neuropathological...

Eighteen patients with early Huntington's disease were compared age- and IQ-matched control volunteers on tests of executive mnemonic function taken from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery. Tests pattern spatial recognition memory, span, working planning visual discrimination learning/attentional set shifting employed. These have previously been found to be sensitive later stages disease. Patients a wide range cognitive impairments encompassing both visuospatial memory...

The consumption of insects (entomophagy) has recently attracted global attention for health reasons as well environmental and economic benefits. Achieving environmentally sustainable food security is currently one the biggest challenges. A wide range edible insect species, with their high contents in protein, fat, minerals, vitamins fiber, can play a significant role addressing insecurity. Advantages entomophagy include feed-conversion efficiency rearing on organic side streams, adding value...

OPINION article Front. Sustain., 16 January 2023Sec. Sustainable Consumption Volume 4 - 2023 | https://doi.org/10.3389/frsus.2023.1112950

There are few data available on the cognitive deficits of patients with primary or secondary intracranial mass lesions before treatment. The aim present study was to document incidence impairments among brain tumors frontal temporal lobes, immediately after diagnosis but commencement treatment.One hundred thirty-nine were neuropsychologically examined using standardized psychometric testing procedures that measured various aspects memory, attention, language, and executive functions....

<h3>Background</h3> Patients with Parkinson disease characteristically exhibit an increased echogenicity of the substantia nigra (SN) on transcranial sonography, a new neuroimaging technique. The same echo feature SN can be identified in 9% healthy adults. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate relevance echogenic <h3>Design</h3> In first part study, 10 subjects younger than 40 years distinct hyperechogenicity underwent extensive neurological, motor, neuropsychological, and fluorine 18-dopa positron...

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> To assess the incidence of a hyperechogenic substantia nigra (SN) by transcranial sonography (TCS) in healthy people and to evaluate whether an enlarged SN area is associated with functional impairment nigrostriatal system. Background <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Until now, preclinical system could be identified only neuroimaging techniques such as PET selected groups patients. TCS new, noninvasive ultrasound technique that has demonstrated increased echogenicity patients...

There is little data available concerning the executive functions of children with dyslexia. The small number existing studies in this field focus on single aspects these such as working memory. aim present study was therefore to assess a variety functioning Forty-two dyslexia and 42 non-dyslexic were examined using neuropsychological test battery. battery consisted standardised tests examining assessment memory, concept formation, inhibition, flexibility, problem solving fluency functions....

There is presently no specific information available concerning the nature and course of cognitive deficits caused by intracranial meningiomas. In this prospective study authors examined functioning patients with frontal meningiomas.Fifty-four meningiomas were neuropsychologically before after neurosurgery. The test battery consisted standardized instruments including those assessing memory, attention, visuoconstructive abilities, executive functions. time period between pre-and...

Groups of patients with idiopathic Parkinson9s disease, multiple system atrophy, and progressive supranuclear palsy or Steele-Richardson-Olszewski syndrome, matched for overall clinical disability, were compared using three computerised cognitive tests previously shown to be sensitive frontal lobe dysfunction. On a test planning based on the Tower London task, all groups impaired, but in different ways. The disease slower measure initial thinking time, whereas group atrophy was only time...

Groups of patients with Hungington9s disease and probable dementia Alzheimer type (DAT) matched for level on the basis mini mental state examination scores were compared in several tests visual memory sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction. Whereas recall DAT tended be worse Kendrick object learning test, two groups equivalent sensorimotor ability delayed matching sample performance. By contrast, Huntington9s significantly pattern spatial recognition, simultaneous sample, visuospatial paired...

Nutrition plays a key role in brain development, mental health, and psychiatric disorders. The of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids physical health is well established, their becoming increasingly evident. Omega-3 are involved wide range physiological functions that related to neurogenesis, neurotransmission, neuroinflammation; therefore, they play fundamental roles the functioning, aging brain. In humans, dietary deficiencies associated with an increased risk developing various disorders,...

The assessment of cognitive functions adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comprises self-ratings functioning (subjective assessment) as well psychometric testing (objective neuropsychological assessment). aim the present study was to explore utility these strategies in predicting impairments ADHD determined by both approaches.Fifty-five and 66 healthy participants were assessed regard several domains employing subjective objective measurement tools. Significance...

Neuropsychological research on adults with ADHD showed deficits in various aspects of attention. However, the majority studies failed to explore change performance over time, so-called time-on-task effects. As a consequence, little is known about sustained attention ADHD. The aim present study was therefore test hypothesis Twenty-nine and 30 healthy individuals were assessed four 20-min tests attention, measuring alertness, selective divided flexibility. deterioration time (time-on-task...

Tea (Camellia sinensis) is widely considered to promote feelings of calming and soothing. This effect attributed L-theanine (L-γ-glutamylethylamide) in tea, a non-protein amino acid mainly derived from tea leaves. As naturally occurring structural analogue glutamate, competes for the receptors with glutamate able pass blood-brain barrier exert its relaxation effect. review focuses on L-theanine, including animal models latest human trials as well potential molecular mechanisms regarding...