The recycled batteries can be assumed for the cost-effective grid energy storage (ES) applications, where state of health (SOH) are hard to make equal when reassembling them in one ES system. Therefore, implementing traditional state-of-charge balancing control methods, integrated into same system will demonstrate SOH deviation characteristics during long-term operation due different degradation they suffered, which reduce mean time repair, increase maintenance duty, and shorten life...

It is preferable for the retired batteries to balance their states-of-health (SOH) in battery energy storage system (BESS) since it can prolong lifetime and reduce maintenance burden. So far, corresponding balancing techniques mainly focus on either SOH among packs or of cells inside a pack. This article further proposes multilayer equalization scheme equalize all cells' SOHs large-scale BESS by comprehensively combining pack strategy commercial cell techniques. noted that schemes cannot be...

The three-phase series-connected modular multilevel converter (SC-MMC) is presented as one option for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) tap to reduce the cost of an HVDC station. Compared with conventional parallel-connected MMC, number semiconductor switches in SC-MMC reduced by one-third withstand same dc voltage. First, paper studies operating principle SC-MMC, and then presents interspacing phase-shifted pulsewidth-modulated method which could improve waveform output ac voltage a given...

Installing the battery energy storage in interlinking converter of hybrid AD-DC grid can effectively reduce exchanged and therefore losses. Being different from two-level or three-level for low voltage application, this paper proposes an modular multilevel (MMC) with integrated AC-DC distribution system, where multiple independent batteries are connected to sub-modules MMC, respectively. The proposed system manage power flow AC DC systems stacks. circulating current MMC help regulate status...

A battery energy storage system using modular multilevel converter (MMC) as the interfacing could have several inherent advantages when compared with systems based on two-level inverter or cascaded H-bridge converter. It can manage state-of-charges (SOCs) of all batteries to be equal avoid overcharge over discharge single battery. The power exchange characteristics circulating currents increase control flexibility and consequently improve output quality internal regulation capability. This...

Using retired electric vehicle batteries in battery energy storage system (BESS) saves the cost but state-of-health (SOH) of each is hard to be equal, which could significantly worsen life time whole system. When using modular multilevel converter (MMC) integrate packs, it can achieve SOH balancing among sub-modules (SMs). This paper further proposes an enhanced for MMC-BESS with cell equalization capability including traditional state-of-charge (SOC) and deal imbalance issue inside SM....

This paper proposes an integrated power conversion system in electric vehicle using modular multilevel converter, whose structure could manage the battery cells to simplify traditional (BMS) meanwhile provide motor driving function and charging without additional hardware. The all-in topology therefore maximize capacity of all batteries save installation space simultaneously reach a more compact design. To well elaborate proposed system, operational principles control methods are fully...

The ITA° is the gold standard for skin tone classification. Different tones are often associated with different characteristics and issues. types issues in China.To study population's color distribution accompanying problems according to classification standard.A total of 1092 women aged 22-42 years were recruited 7 cities China. All biophysical parameter measurements (SM, CM, TWEL, pH, R2, GLOSS_DSCT, MEXA, ERYTH, ITA°; 9 indexes total) quantified noninvasive instruments. volunteers...

Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is an essential signal molecule in cancer cells. Activated GRP78 ATPase by a HOCl probe named ZBM-H inhibits lung cell growth. However, the role and underlying mechanism of migration have not been established. Here, we reported that activation suppressed A549 inhibited EMT process. Notably, time-dependently decreased protein level integrin β4 (ITGB4) Combinatorial treatment 3BDO (an autophagy inhibitor) partially rescued ITGB4. Consistently, reversed ZBM-H-inhibited...

For battery energy storage system (BESS), accurate state-of-health (SOH) testing is critical for determining which should be replaced and it also the foundation SOH balancing, fault prevention maintenance, especially when using retired batteries from electric vehicle. However, traditional method requires BESS to quit operation takes a long time, results in profit loss. The modular multilevel converter (MMC) can improve this situation some extent, but pack still needs disassembled redundant...

Ti-6Al-4V is widely used in the aerospace industry, and laser deposition shaping of considered as an efficient method for manufacturing complex structural components. However, components manufactured by face problems distortion cracking. In order to avoid these problems, ultrasonic impact peening was introduced into process this study. The effect on microstructural modification, residual stress, specimen distortion, microhardness studied. Experiments were carried out with a 6 kW carbon...

Abstract Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is an essential signal for the regulation of cancer cell fate, including autophagy and apoptosis. HOCl regulated by affecting oxidation modification glucose‐regulated protein 78 (GRP78) activity GRP78 ATPase. The mechanism ATPase in apoptosis has however not yet been clarified. Here we reported that ZBM‐H, as a probe HOCl, was able to directly bind presence or absence ATP. Following ZBM‐H treatment, interaction between annexin A7 (ANXA7) promoted, this...

Human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) have the potential to differentiate into vascular endothelial cells (VECs), but their differentiation rate is low and mechanism involved not clear. The small molecule pathway controls phenotype of by activating cellular signaling pathways, which a more convenient method in strategy HDFs VECs. In this study, were treated with different doses CPP ((E)-4-(4-(4-(7-(diethylamino)-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbonyl) piperazin-1-yl) styryl)-1-methylpyridin-1-ium iodide),...

This paper presents a hybrid predictive control method (H-MPC) for battery integrated modular multilevel power conversion system (B-MMC). The ac current, circulating SOCs and common mode voltage are taken into consideration to the B-MMC properly. H-MPC can be separated as two parts: PI part MPC part. In part, current is constrained within boundary limits of sinusoidal references with their predicted values substituted by reference ones. While in mitigated reduced computing effort. regulation...

Senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF) is often used as a biological marker for senescent cells, but the regulation of its formation process unclear. To find new modulator SAHF, we screened our chemical small molecules and found 7-amino-2,3,4,5-tetrahedrobenzo[b][1,4] oxazepin-3-ol (ABO) that was identified an inhibitor annexin A7 GTPase (ANXA7) dramatically suppressed aggregation protein (HP1γ), indicator SAHF. understand action mechanism, first observed changes in karyoplasmic...

To explore the influence of childhood trauma and family alcohol use on male disorder.

Abstract The ferromagnetic resonance overvoltage and overcurrent can often appear in the neutral non-effective grounding system, which is caused by electromagnetic voltage transformer saturation under a certain condition. At present, two different types of primary harmonic eliminators are mainly used to solve resonance, voltage-sensitive resistor type thermal type. In this paper, simulation model based on ATP-EMTP program established results compared. prove that eliminator more effectively...