We examined whether changes in gut hormone levels due to a single bout of aerobic exercise differ between obese young males and normal controls, attempted determine the involvement hormonal during regulation energy balance (EB) these subjects. Seven seven age-matched subjects weight participated rest sessions. Subjects consumed standardized breakfast that was followed by constant cycling at 50% VO(2max) or for 60 min. At lunch, test meal presented, intake (EI) relative (REI) were calculated....

There is growing interest in the effects of exercise on plasma gut hormone levels and subsequent energy intake (EI) but mode intensity anorectic profiles EI remain to be elucidated. We aimed investigate whether circulating peptide YY(3-36) (PYY(3-36)) glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1 or GCG as listed HUGO Database) depend intensity, which could affect EI. Ten young male subjects (mean+/-s.d., age: 23.4+/-4.3 years, body mass index: 22.5+/-1.0 kg/m(2), maximum oxygen uptake (VO(2 max)):...

Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is widely prevalent in asthmatic patients. Eosinophilic airway inflammation considered to be a major factor the pathogenesis of asthma. However, effects eosinophilic on EIB have been elucidated insufficiently. To examine relationship between severity and inflammation, sputum induction exercise challenge were performed 21 Significantly higher percentages eosinophils levels eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) found induced EIB-positive asthmatics...

The CC chemokine eotaxin-1 (CCL11) is chemotactic for eosinophils, basophils, and type 2 helper T cells may play a role in allergic inflammation. We investigated its contribution as an eosinophil chemoattractant asthmatic airway secretions (sampled induced sputum), which possess activity eosinophils cells. Sputum samples collected from healthy subjects with mild, stable-moderate, unstable-moderate, severe asthma were processed phosphate-buffered saline assayed eotaxin by ELISA...

Rationale: Neutrophilic airway inflammation is considered to be a major factor in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), with sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage neutrophil counts broadly correlating severity. The mechanisms responsible for accumulation are poorly understood, but they could involve increased influx and/or survival these cells.Objectives: To investigate whether chemotactic responsiveness activity secretions subjects COPD.Methods: Chemotaxis...

Various near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) variables have been used to estimate muscle lactate threshold (LT), but no study has determined which common NIRS variable best reflects estimated LT. Establishing the inflection point of 2 regression lines for deoxyhaemoglobin (DeltaHHb(i.p).), oxyhaemoglobin (DeltaO2Hb(i.p.)), and tissue oxygenation index (TOIi.p.), as well blood concentration, we then investigated relationships between ventilatory (VT), LT, or maximal hemoglobin (nTHImax) during...

Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) caused by the inhibition of hepatic uptake transporters such as organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) can affect therapeutic efficacy and cause adverse reactions. We investigated potential utility pitavastatin an in vivo probe substrate for preclinically studying OATP-mediated DDIs using cynomolgus monkeys. Cyclosporine A (CsA) rifampicin (RIF), typical OATP inhibitors, inhibited active into monkey hepatocytes with half-maximal inhibitory concentration...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects 12 weeks exercise training on gut hormone levels after a single bout in middle-aged Japanese women. Twenty healthy women were recruited for study. Several measurements performed pre and post training, including: body weight composition, peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2), energy intake exercise, release hormones with fasting exercise. Exercise resulted significant increases acylated ghrelin (from 126.6 ± 5.6 135.9 5.4 pmol/l, P <...

Arterial blood gas determinations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and respiratory chemosensitivity, arterial their sons were compared. Patients silicosis (n=17) (n=22) served as control subjects. gases, pH, HCO-3 concentration 25 COPD averaged from at least 3 (mean sample number, 10.1) to compare the data on (n-34; mean age, 33.9 yr). The Paco2 obtained during stable stages correlated positively between sons. Pao2 of hypoxic ventilatory response acute...

To validate a Japanese version of Power Food Scale (PFS–J), and to describe characteristics in appetitive motives among current young adults, the original English PFS was translated into back English, confirm conceptual linguistic equivalence, administered university students. Test-retest reliability PFS–J evaluated additional experiments. The demonstrated good internal consistency stability over time. Confirmatory factor analyses that has acceptable structure. Criterion validity suggested,...

The aim of the present study was to examine whether amount oral cortisol, immunoglobulin A (IgA), chromogranin (CgA) and inflammatory cytokines, might be affected by prolonged strenuous exercise. Ten young male volunteers either exercised on recumbent ergometer at 75 % VO2 max for 60 min (exercise session) or sat quietly (resting session). Saliva samples were obtained intervals during sessions measurements salivary stress markers (cortisol, IgA CgA), such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β),...

Stress is prevalent in modern society and can affect human health through its effects on appetite. Therefore, the present study, we aimed to clarify neural mechanisms by which acute stress affects appetite healthy, non-obese males during fasting. In total, 22 volunteers participated two experiments (stress control conditions) different days. The participants performed a stress-inducing speech-and-mental-arithmetic task under both conditions, then viewed images of food, which, their activity...

Induction of the cytochrome P450 (P450) enzyme is a major concern in drug discovery processes. To predict clinical significance induction, it helpful to investigate pharmacokinetic alterations coadministered suitable animal model. In this study, we focus on induction CYP3A, which involved metabolism approximately 50% marketed drugs and inducible both liver intestine. As marker substrate for CYP3A activity, alprazolam (APZ) was selected characterized using recombinant enzymes expressed...

Background: New parameters in the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) are required for comprehensive analysis of exercise capacity patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim present study was to apply a novel index, desaturation distance ratio (DDR), clinical research on COPD as an estimate and examine whether DDR is potential parameter manifold COPD. Methods: A total 41 (median age [interquartile range] =75 [68–79] years; body mass index [BMI] =22.3 [19.4–23.8] kg/m 2 )...

Background and objective: Recently, there has been interest in interactions of β 2 adrenergic receptors (β ‐AR) muscarinic acetylcholine (mAChR), which share intracellular signal transduction systems. The aim the present study was to investigate whether bronchodilator response tiotropium is influenced by ‐AR genotype patients with COPD who show poor responsiveness inhaled ‐agonists. Methods: After a 4‐week run‐in period, were treated bromide (18 μg once daily) for 8 weeks. Spirometric...

Few studies have reported the long-term outcomes of surgical resected intraductal papillary neoplasm bile duct (IPNB). Here, we describe observation and treatment a case widespread IPNB.A 57-year-old male was referred to our hospital due jaundice dilation intrahepatic duct. Computed tomography showed irregularities right extrahepatic ducts together with 3cm nodule in common hepatic Peroral cholangioscopy revealed mucinous discharge from ampulla Vater, which resulted diagnosis IPNB. A biopsy...

Abstract Obesity is a major public health problem in modern society. Appetitive behavior has been proposed to be partially driven by unconscious decision-making processes and thus, targeting the cognitive related eating essential develop strategies for overweight individuals obese patients. Here, we presented food pictures below threshold of awareness healthy male volunteers examined neural activity appetitive using magnetoencephalography. We found that, among participants who did not...