Cardiolipin (CL) is a unique phospholipid which present throughout the eukaryotic kingdom and localized in mitochondrial membranes. <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> cells containing disruption of <i>CRD1</i>, structural gene encoding CL synthase, have no To elucidate physiological role CL, we compared functions <i>crd1</i>Δ mutant isogenic wild type. The<i>crd1</i>Δ loses viability at elevated temperature, prolonged culture 37 °C leads to loss genome. Mutant membranes increased...

Exposure of mammalian cells to oxidant stress causes early (iron catalysed) lysosomal rupture followed by apoptosis or necrosis. Enhanced intracellular production reactive oxygen species (ROS), presumably mitochondrial origin, is also observed when are exposed nonoxidant pro‐apoptotic agonists cell death. We hypothesized that ROS generation in this latter case might promote the apoptotic cascade and could arise from effects released materials on mitochondria. Indeed, intact (J774...

With only 19 amino acids, duramycin is the smallest known polypeptide that has a defined 3-dimensional binding structure. Duramycin binds phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdE) at 1:1 ratio with high affinity and exclusive specificity. As an abundant target, PtdE major phospholipid accounts for about 20% of content in mammalian cellular membranes. externalized to surface apoptotic cells also becomes accessible necrotic because compromised plasma membrane integrity. Given unique physicochemical...

Uncaria rhynchophylla is a component herb of many Chinese herbal formulae for the treatment neurodegenerative diseases. Previous study in our laboratory has demonstrated that an ethanol extract ameliorated cognitive deficits mouse model Alzheimer's disease induced by D-galactose. However, active ingredients responsible anti-Alzheimer's activity have not been identified. This aims to identify bioassay-guided fractionation approach and explore acting mechanism these using well-established...

Abstract Background Cotton Verticillium wilt, causing by dahliae , has seriously affected the yield and quality of cotton. The incidence wilt in cotton fields been on rise for many years, especially after straw returned to fields. Intercropping can reduce soil borne diseases is often used control crop diseases, but relationship between effects intercropping microbial communities occurrence plant unclear. This research explored community structure interplanting cotton-onion, cotton-garlic,...

Short-term (1 h) exposure of cells to a low steady-state concentration H2O2 causes no immediate cell death but apoptosis occurs several hours later. This delayed may arise from activation phospholipases, in particular phospholipase A2 (PLA2), which destabilize lysosomal and mitochondrial membranes. Indeed, the secretory PLA2 (sPLA2) inhibitor 4-bromophenacyl bromide diminishes both rupture apoptosis. Furthermore, sPLA2 by mellitin, or direct micro-injection sPLA2, Finally, B-cell...

The stem with hooks of Uncaria rhynchophylla is a component herb many traditional formulae for the treatment neurodegenerative diseases. However, scientific evidence efficacy in Alzheimer's disease (AD) animal models lacking. Thus, present study, we investigated whether 70 % aqueous ethanol extract (EUR) could protect against D-galactose (D-gal)-induced cognitive deficits mice. Mice were given subcutaneous injection D-gal (50 mg/kg) and orally administered EUR (100, 200, or 400 daily 8...

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine whether hepatocyte mitochondrial injury instigates severe shock and explore effective therapy.Methods: Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: Control (sham) group, + normal saline, cyclosporine A, resveratrol (Res) polydatin (PD) group. Mitochondrial morphology function in hepatocytes following treatment determined.Results: Hepatocytes exhibited dysfunction characterized with opening permeability transition pores, swelling,...

Liver fibrosis is a feature in the majority of chronic liver diseases and oxidative stress considered to be its main pathogenic mechanism. Antioxidants including vitamin E, are effective preventing fibrogenesis. Several plant-drived antioxidants, such as silymarin, baicalin, beicalein, quercetin, apigenin, were shown interfere with The antioxidans above polyphenols, flavonoids or structurally related compounds which chemical components Pomegranate peels seeds, antioxidant activity seeds have...

ABSTRACT Lantibiotics are ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified antimicrobial peptides that characterized by the thioether cross-linked bisamino acids lanthionine (Lan) methyllanthionine (MeLan). Duramycin contains 19 amino acids, including one Lan two MeLans, an unusual lysinoalanine (Lal) bridge formed from ε-amino group of lysine a serine residue at position 6, erythro -3-hydroxy- l -aspartic acid 15. These modifications important for interactions duramycin with its...

As the global population grows, large quantities of agrochemicals are used to secure food demand and there is an urgent need develop efficient environmentally friendly pesticides fertilizers. Compared with traditional pesticides, nanopesticide formulations can achieve better foliar wettability, chemical stability, water dispersibility without or minimal use organic solvents, in line development sustainable agriculture.In this research, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was as intermediate glycine...

Abstract The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) is a highly damaging invasive omnivorous pest that has developed varying degrees of resistance to commonly used insecticides. To investigate the molecular mechanisms tolerance tetraniliprole, spinetoram, and emamectin benzoate, enzyme activity, synergistic effect, RNA interference were implemented in S. . functions cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) benzoate was determined by analysing changes detoxification metabolic...

<title>Abstract</title> The urban lifeline Natech event is a multi-risk, multi-agent coupled system, and identifying the risk transmission chain prerequisite foundation for efficient management of events. First, by analyzing mechanism, involves both natural disaster domino effect. Next, analyze complexity dynamic characteristics construct CN-SD model event. Finally, use "Top Ten Natural Disasters in China" news reports as textual data to visualize complex network chain, quantify indicators...

Bcl‐2 antagonizes apoptosis through mechanisms which are not completely understood. We have proposed that is initiated by minor lysosomal destabilization followed some time later secondary massive rupture. In J774 cells over‐expressing Bcl‐2, early oxidant‐induced unaffected but rupture and suppressed, despite the fact wild‐type degrade hydrogen peroxide at similar rates. It may be directly blocks effects of released enzymes and/or prevents downstream activation unknown cytosolic pro‐enzymes...

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) accumulated in different pathological conditions have the potent capacity to alter cellular properties that include endothelial structural and functional regulations. The disruption of barrier integrity may contribute AGE-induced microangiopathy macrovasculopathy. Previous studies shown AGEs induced rearrangement actin subsequent hyperpermeability cells (ECs). However, mechanisms involved this AGE-evoked EC malfunction are not well understood. This...

Cancer cell-derived micro-particles (MPs) play important regulatory roles on cellular and system levels. These activities are attributed in part to protein factors carried by MPs. However, recruitment strategies for sequestering certain MPs poorly understood. In the current study, using exogenous endogenously expressed phospholipid-binding probes, we investigated distribution of membrane phospholipids as a potential mechanism electrostatically enriching cationic We detected significant level...