A5101882748- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Helminth infection and control
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Coccidia and coccidiosis research
- Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies
- Plant and fungal interactions
- Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Mollusks and Parasites Studies
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques
- Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Conducting polymers and applications
- Trauma and Emergency Care Studies
- Nerve injury and regeneration
Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center
2024
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2014-2023
Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery
2021-2023
Neurological Surgery
2011-2023
Central DuPage Hospital
2022
Northwestern Medicine
2022
Creative Commons
2018-2020
Optica
2020
Williams (United States)
2014-2020
Highland Community College - Illinois
2019
The need to sleep grows with the duration of wakefulness and dissipates time spent asleep, a process called homeostasis. What are consequences staying awake on brain cells, why is needed? Surprisingly, we do not know whether firing cortical neurons affected by how long an animal has been or asleep. Here, found that after sustained fire at higher frequencies in all behavioral states. During early NREM wakefulness, periods population activity (ON) short, frequent, associated synchronous...
The promise of advanced neuroprosthetic systems to significantly improve the quality life for a segment deaf, blind, or paralyzed population hinges on development an efficacious, and safe, multichannel neural interface central nervous system. candidate implantable device that is provide such must exceed host exacting design parameters. We present thin-film, polyimide-based, intracortical Bio-MEMS manufactured with standard planar photo-lithographic CMOS-compatible techniques 4-in silicon...
Abstract Neural micro-electrode arrays that are transparent over a broad wavelength spectrum from ultraviolet to infrared could allow for simultaneous electrophysiology and optical imaging, as well optogenetic modulation of the underlying brain tissue. The long-term biocompatibility reliability neural micro-electrodes also require their mechanical flexibility compliance with soft tissues. Here we present graphene-based, carbon-layered electrode array (CLEAR) device, which can be implanted on...
An important aspect of the development cortical prostheses is enhancement suitable implantable microelectrode arrays for chronic neural recording. The objective this study was to investigate recording performance silicon-substrate micromachined probes in terms reliability and signal quality. These were found consistently reliably provide high-quality spike recordings over extended periods time lasting up 127 days. In a consecutive series ten rodents involving 14 implanted probes, 13/14 (93%)...
A series of animal experiments was conducted to characterize changes in the complex impedance chronically implanted electrodes neural tissue. Consistent trends were observed across all animals, characterized as a general increase measured magnitude at 1 kHz. Impedance reach peak approximately 7 days post-implant. Reactive responses around individual described using immuno- and histo-chemistry confocal microscopy. These observations compared changes. Several features able differentiate...
This study investigated the use of planar, silicon-substrate microelectrodes for chronic unit recording in cerebral cortex. The 16-channel consisted four penetrating shanks with sites on each shank. electrode assembly included an integrated silicon ribbon cable and percutaneous connector. In a consecutive series six rats, 5/6 (83%) implanted recorded neuronal spike activity more than weeks, implants (66%) remaining functional 28 weeks. animal, 80% over sequential sessions during...
Most current brain-computer interface (BCI) systems for humans use electroencephalographic activity recorded from the scalp, and may be limited in many ways. Electrocorticography (ECoG) is believed to a minimally-invasive alternative electroencephalogram (EEG) BCI systems, yielding superior signal characteristics that could allow rapid user training faster communication rates. In addition, our preliminary results suggest brain regions other than sensorimotor cortex, such as auditory trained...
✓Brain–computer interface (BCI) technology can offer individuals with severe motor disabilities greater independence and a higher quality of life. The BCI systems take recorded brain signals translate them into real-time actions, for improved communication, movement, or perception. Four patient participants clinical need intracranial electrocorticography (ECoG) participated in this study. were trained over multiple sessions to use and/or auditory imagery modulate their order control the...
Electrical stimulation using implantable electrodes is widely used to treat various neuronal disorders such as Parkinson's disease and epilepsy a research tool in neuroscience studies. However, date, devices that help better understand the mechanisms of electrical neural tissues have been limited opaque electrodes. Imaging spatiotemporal responses with minimal artifact could allow for studies are impossible existing Here, we demonstrate brain simultaneous optical monitoring underlying...
In neural interface platforms, cultures are often carried out on a flat, open, rigid, and opaque substrate, posing challenges to reflecting the native microenvironment of brain precise engagement with neurons. Here we present neuron cell culturing platform that consists arrays ordered microtubes (2.7-4.4 μm in diameter), formed by strain-induced self-rolled-up nanomembrane (s-RUM) technology using ultrathin (<40 nm) silicon nitride (SiNx) film transparent substrates. These demonstrated...
Given current clinical interest in vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), there are surprisingly few studies characterizing the anatomy of large animal models as it pertains to on-and off-target engagement local fibers. We sought address this gap by evaluating vagal pig, whose organization and size approximates human nerve.
Abstract Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is thought to affect neural activity by recruiting brain-wide release of neuromodulators. VNS used in treatment-resistant epilepsy, and increasingly being explored for other disorders, such as depression, a cognitive enhancer. However, the promise only partially fulfilled due lack mechanistic understanding transfer function between parameters neuromodulatory response, together with biosensors assaying efficacy real time. We here develop an approach...
Electrical stimulation of the cervical vagus nerve using implanted electrodes (VNS) is FDA-approved for treatment drug-resistant epilepsy, treatment-resistant depression, and most recently, chronic ischemic stroke rehabilitation. However, VNS critically limited by unwanted nearby neck muscles-a result non-specific activating motor fibers within vagus. Prior studies suggested that precise placement small epineural can modify therapeutic effects, such as cardiac responses. it remains unclear...
Cell movement is highly sensitive to stimuli from the extracellular matrix and media. Receptors on plasma membrane in cells can activate signal transduction pathways that change mechanical behavior of a cell by reorganizing motion-related organelles. Cancer their migration mechanisms response different environments more robustly than noncancer cells. Therefore, therapeutic approaches immobilize cancer via inhibition related rely better understanding mechanisms. In recent years, engineers...
Optogenetics field of optogenetics has provided new insight into neuronal communication and complex brain function. Now, scientists eagerly anticipate clinical application this technology, with the hope that it will help improve treatments for various neurological disorders. However, translational hurdles are high. In Perspective, we highlight technical, practical, regulatory lie ahead along path towards making optogenetic neuromodulation therapies a reality in clinic.
Intracellular Ca 2+ signals control the development and regeneration of spinal axons downstream chemical guidance cues, but little is known about roles mechanical cues in axon guidance. Here we show that transient receptor potential canonical 1 (TRPC1) subunits assemble mechanosensitive (MS) channels on Xenopus neuronal growth cones regulate extension direction outgrowth rigid, not compliant, substrata. Reducing expression TRPC1 by antisense morpholinos inhibits effects MS channel blockers...
In many neural culture studies, neurite migration on a flat, open surface does not reflect the three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment in vivo. With that mind, we fabricated arrays of semiconductor tubes using strained silicon (Si) and germanium (Ge) nanomembranes employed them as cell substrate for primary cortical neurons. Our experiments show SiGe tube fabrication process are biologically viable neuron cells. We also observe neurons attracted by topography, even absence adhesion factors,...
Current methods to examine and regulate the functional integration plasticity of human ESC (hESC)-derived neurons are cumbersome technically challenging. Here, we engineered hESCs their derivatives express light-gated channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) protein overcome these deficiencies. Optogenetic targeting hESC-derived with ChR2 linked mCherry fluorophore allowed reliable cell tracking as well light-induced spiking at physiological frequencies. Optically induced excitatory inhibitory postsynaptic...
This study aims to examine the changes in task-related brain activity induced by rehabilitative therapy using brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies and whether these are relevant functional gains achieved through use of therapies. Stroke patients with persistent upper-extremity motor deficits received interventional rehabilitation a closed-loop neurofeedback BCI device (n=8) or no (n=6). Behavioral assessments Impact Scale, Action Research Arm Test, Nine-Hole Peg Test as well...