A5039332578- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Digital Holography and Microscopy
- 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Light effects on plants
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies
- Sleep and related disorders
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications
- Optical Coherence Tomography Applications
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
2014-2024
Illinois College
2004-2024
Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (United States)
2024
Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Chicago
2024
Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San Francisco
2024
University of Illinois Chicago
2024
Urbana University
1996-2017
Laboratoire d’immunologie intégrative du cancer
1997-2012
University of Illinois System
2010
Liberal Arts University
1999-2009
We present spatial light interference microscopy (SLIM) as a new optical technique, capable of measuring nanoscale structures and dynamics in live cells via interferometry.SLIM combines two classic ideas imaging: Zernike's phase contrast microscopy, which renders high intensity images transparent specimens, Gabor's holography, where the information from object is recorded.Thus, SLIM reveals intrinsic cell and, addition, quantitative path-length maps across sample.The resulting topographic...
Circadian rhythms of mammals are timed by an endogenous clock with a period about 24 hours located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) hypothalamus. Light synchronizes this to external environment daily adjustments phase circadian oscillation. The mechanism has been thought involve release excitatory amino acids from retinal afferents SCN. Brief treatment rat SCN vitro glutamate (Glu), N -methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), or nitric oxide (NO) generators produced lightlike shifts rhythms. exhibited...
Daily rhythms of mammalian physiology, metabolism, and behavior parallel the day-night cycle. They are orchestrated by a central circadian clock in brain, suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Transcription genes is sensitive to metabolic changes reduction oxidation (redox); however, cycles protein have been reported anucleate cells, where no transcription occurs. We investigated whether SCN also expresses redox how such oscillations might affect neuronal physiology. detected self-sustained state...
The retinohypothalamic tract (RHT) relays photic information from the eyes to suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Activation of this pathway by light plays a role in adjusting circadian timing via glutamatergic at night. Here we report new signaling which RHT may regulate daytime as well. We used dual immunocytochemistry for pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) and vivo tracer cholera toxin subunit B observed intense PACAP-immunoreactivity (PACAP-IR) retinal afferents rat SCN...
Light is a prominent stimulus that synchronizes endogenous circadian rhythmicity to environmental light/dark cycles. Nocturnal light elevates mRNA of the <i>Period1</i>(<i>Per1</i>) gene and induces long term state changes, expressed as phase shifts rhythms. The cellular mechanism for<i>Per1</i> elevation light-induced advance in suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), process initiated primarily by glutamatergic neurotransmission from retinohypothalamic tract, was examined. Glutamate (GLU)-induced...
The aim of this study was to identify the melatonin receptor type(s) (MT 1 or MT 2 ) mediating circadian clock resetting by in mammalian suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Quantitative autoradiography with 2-[ 125 I]iodomelatonin and situ hybridization histochemistry, either 33 P- digoxigenin-labeled antisense mRNA oligonucleotide probes, revealed specific expression both types SCN inbred Long-Evans rats. type phase advances rhythm neuronal firing rate slice assessed using competitive...
Nocturnal synthesis of the pineal hormone melatonin (MEL) is regulated by circadian clock in suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) hypothalamus. We examined hypothesis that MEL can feed back to regulate SCN using a brain slice preparation from rat. monitored ensemble firing rate and found advanced time peak more than 3 h at restricted times (CTs) near subjective dusk [CT 10–14 (10–14 after lights on)] dawn (CT 23–0) on days 2 treatment. The effect CT 10 was blocked pertussis toxin. protein kinase C...
Synchronization between the environmental lighting cycle and biological clock in suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is correlated with phosphorylation of Ca2+/cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) at transcriptional activating site Ser133. Mechanisms mediating formation phospho-CREB (P-CREB) their relation to resetting are unknown. To address these issues, we probed signaling pathway light P-CREB. Nocturnal rapidly transiently induced P-CREB-like immunoreactivity (P-CREB-lir) rat SCN....
Abstract Three‐dimensional (3D) microperiodic scaffolds of poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) have been fabricated by direct‐write assembly a photopolymerizable hydrogel ink. The ink is initially composed physically entangled pHEMA chains dissolved in solution HEMA monomer, comonomer, photoinitiator and water. Upon printing 3D varying architecture, the filaments are exposed to UV light, where they transformed into an interpenetrating network chemically cross‐linked chains. These...
Despite a central circadian role in Drosophila for the transcriptional regulator Timeless ( dTim ), relevance of mammalian mTim ) remains equivocal. Conditional knockdown protein expression rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) disrupted SCN neuronal activity rhythms, and altered levels known core clock elements. Full-length (mTIM-fl) exhibited 24-hour oscillation, where as truncated isoform (mTIM-s) was constitutively expressed. mTIM-fl associated with Period proteins (mPERs) oscillating cells....
Microfluidic devices have been used to study high-density cultures of many cell types. Because cell-to-cell signaling is local, however, there exists a need develop culture systems that sustain small numbers neurons and enable analyses the microenvironments. Such are hard maintain in stable form, it difficult prevent death when using primary mammalian neurons. We demonstrate postnatal hippocampal from rat can be cultured at low densities within nanoliter-volume microdevices fabricated...
Recent technological breakthroughs in our ability to derive and differentiate induced pluripotent stem cells, organoid biology, organ-on-chip assays, 3-D bioprinting have all contributed a heightened interest the design, assembly, manufacture of living systems with broad range potential uses. This white paper summarizes state emerging field "multi-cellular engineered systems," which are composed interacting cell populations. accomplishments described, focusing on current applications, as...
Wiring the nervous system relies on interplay of intrinsic and extrinsic signaling molecules that control neurite extension, neuronal polarity, process maturation experience-dependent refinement. Extrinsic signals establish enrich neuron–neuron interactions during development. Understanding how such cues direct neurons to neural connections in vitro will facilitate development organized networks for investigating function networks. Producing ordered with defined connectivity presents special...
In neural interface platforms, cultures are often carried out on a flat, open, rigid, and opaque substrate, posing challenges to reflecting the native microenvironment of brain precise engagement with neurons. Here we present neuron cell culturing platform that consists arrays ordered microtubes (2.7-4.4 μm in diameter), formed by strain-induced self-rolled-up nanomembrane (s-RUM) technology using ultrathin (<40 nm) silicon nitride (SiNx) film transparent substrates. These demonstrated...
Abstract Multiple scattering and absorption limit the depth at which biological tissues can be imaged with light. In thick unlabeled specimens, multiple randomizes phase of field attenuates light that travels long optical paths. These obstacles performance transmission imaging. To mitigate these challenges, we developed an epi-illumination gradient interference microscope (epi-GLIM) as a label-free imaging modality applicable to bulk or opaque samples. Epi-GLIM enables studying turbid...
Myokines and exosomes, originating from skeletal muscle, are shown to play a significant role in maintaining brain homeostasis. While exercise has been reported promote muscle secretion, little is known about the effects of neuronal innervation activity on yield molecular composition biologically active molecules muscle. As neuromuscular diseases disabilities associated with denervation impact metabolism, we hypothesize that firing may pivotal regulating secretion activities muscles. We...
The circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of hypothalamus organizes behavioral rhythms, such as sleep–wake cycle, on a near 24-h time base and synchronizes them to environmental day night. Light information is transmitted SCN by direct retinal projections via retinohypothalamic tract (RHT). Both glutamate (Glu) pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) are localized within RHT. Whereas Glu an established mediator light entrainment, role PACAP unknown. To understand...
1. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus is primary pacemaker for circadian rhythms in mammals. 24 h endogenous to SCN and persists multiple cycles brain slice. 2. While serotonin not SCN, a major midbrain hypothalamic afferent pathway serotonergic. Within this tract dorsal raphe sends direct projections ventrolateral portions SCN. We investigated possible regulatory role mammalian system by examining its effect, when applied at projection sites, on rhythm neuronal activity...