A5008686356- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Light effects on plants
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Chemokine receptors and signaling
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications
- Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
2011-2024
University of Glasgow
2015
Binghamton University
2003
Urbana University
2003
University of Baltimore
1925
National Fire Protection Association
1924-1925
National Research Council
1924-1925
Light is a prominent stimulus that synchronizes endogenous circadian rhythmicity to environmental light/dark cycles. Nocturnal light elevates mRNA of the <i>Period1</i>(<i>Per1</i>) gene and induces long term state changes, expressed as phase shifts rhythms. The cellular mechanism for<i>Per1</i> elevation light-induced advance in suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), process initiated primarily by glutamatergic neurotransmission from retinohypothalamic tract, was examined. Glutamate (GLU)-induced...
Despite a central circadian role in Drosophila for the transcriptional regulator Timeless ( dTim ), relevance of mammalian mTim ) remains equivocal. Conditional knockdown protein expression rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) disrupted SCN neuronal activity rhythms, and altered levels known core clock elements. Full-length (mTIM-fl) exhibited 24-hour oscillation, where as truncated isoform (mTIM-s) was constitutively expressed. mTIM-fl associated with Period proteins (mPERs) oscillating cells....
Myokines and exosomes, originating from skeletal muscle, are shown to play a significant role in maintaining brain homeostasis. While exercise has been reported promote muscle secretion, little is known about the effects of neuronal innervation activity on yield molecular composition biologically active molecules muscle. As neuromuscular diseases disabilities associated with denervation impact metabolism, we hypothesize that firing may pivotal regulating secretion activities muscles. We...
Melatonin is released from the pineal gland into circulatory system at night in absence of light, acting as "hormone darkness" to brain and body. also can regulate circadian phasing suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). During day-to-night transition, melatonin exposure advances intrinsic SCN neural activity rhythms via type-2 (MT2) receptor downstream activation protein kinase C (PKC). The effects on have not been linked daily changes expression core genes that constitute molecular framework...
The brain functions through chemical interactions between many different cell types, including neurons and glia. Acquiring comprehensive information on complex, heterogeneous systems requires multiple analytical tools, each of which have unique specificity spatial resolution. Multimodal imaging generates complementary via spatially localized molecular maps, ideally from the same sample, but method enhancements that span data acquisition to interpretation. We devised a protocol for performing...
In mammals the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), master circadian clock, is sensitive to light input via optic chiasm and synchronizes many daily biological rhythms. Here we explore variations in expression levels of neuropeptides present SCN rats using a label-free quantification approach that based on integrating peak intensities between daytime, Zeitgeber time (ZT) 6, nighttime, ZT 18. From nine analyses comparing these two points, 10 endogenous peptides derived from eight prohormones...
Background Neuropeptides are critical integrative elements within the central circadian clock in suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), where they mediate both cell-to-cell synchronization and phase adjustments that cause light entrainment. Forward peptidomics identified little SAAS, derived from proSAAS prohormone, among novel SCN peptides, but its role is poorly understood. Methodology/Principal Findings Little SAAS localization co-expression with established neuropeptides were evaluated by...
Mammalian circadian rhythm is maintained by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) via an intricate set of neuropeptides and other signaling molecules. In this work, peptidomic analyses from two times day were examined to characterize variation in SCN peptides using three different label-free quantitation approaches: spectral count, spectra index SIEVE. Of 448 identified peptides, 207 analyzed methods, count index. There 24 with significant (adjusted p-value < 0.01) differential peptide...
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) circadian clock exhibits a recurrent series of dynamic cellular states, characterized by the ability exogenous signals to activate defined kinases that alter time. To explore potential relationships between kinase activation and endogenous control mechanisms, we examined clock-controlled protein G (PKG) regulation in mammalian SCN. Signaling via cGMP-PKG pathway is required for light- or glutamate (GLU)-induced phase advance late night. Spontaneous occurred...
Results from a variety of sources indicate role for PACAP in light/glutamate-induced phase resetting the circadian clock mediated by retinohypothalamic tract (RHT). Attempts to block or remove PACAP's contribution clock-resetting have generated phenotypes that differ their responses light glutamate. For example, previous studies behaviors found period-maintenance and early-night delays are intact PACAP-null mice, yet there is consistent deficit behavioral phase-resetting stimulation late...
Optimal imaging strategies remain underdeveloped to maximize information for fluorescence microscopy while minimizing the harm fragile living systems. Taking hint from supercontinuum generation in ultrafast laser physics, we generated untreated unlabeled live samples before nonlinear photodamage onset. Our achieved high-content cell phenotyping and tissue histology, identified bovine embryo polarization, quantified aging-related stress across types species, demystified embryogenesis after...
Circadian rhythms in physiology and behavior are temporally synchronized to the day/night cycle through action of light on circadian clock. In mammals, transduction photic signal reaching oscillator suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) occurs release glutamate pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP). The authors' study aimed at clarifying role played by PACAP resetting entrainment. They investigated response PACAP-null mice lacking 5th exon coding sequence. Specifically, they...
Single-cell measurements allow a unique glimpse into cell-to-cell heterogeneity; even small changes in selected cells can have profound impact on an organism's physiology. Here integrated approach to single-cell chemical sampling and assay are described. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) with laser-induced native fluorescence (LINF) has the sensitivity characterize natively fluorescent indoles catechols within individual cells. While separation detection approaches well established, injection...
Overproduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) are closely related to various health problems including inflammation, infection, and cancer. Abnormally high ROS levels can cause serious oxidative damage biomolecules, cells, tissues. A series of nano- or microsized particles has been developed reduce the stress level by delivering antioxidant drugs. However, most systems often plagued slow molecular discharge, driven diffusion. Herein, this study demonstrates polymeric whose internal pressure...
Daily oscillations of brain and body states are under complex temporal modulation by environmental light the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), master circadian clock. To better understand mediators differential modulation, we characterize neuropeptide releasate profiles nonselective capture secreted neuropeptides in an optic nerve horizontal SCN slice model. Releasates collected following electrophysiological stimulation nerve/retinohypothalamic tract conditions that alter phase...