Lately, the practice of utilizing task-specific fine-tuning has been implemented to improve performance large language models (LLM) in subsequent tasks. Through integration diverse LLMs, overall competency LLMs is significantly boosted. Nevertheless, traditional ensemble methods are notably memory-intensive, necessitating simultaneous loading all specialized into GPU memory. To address inefficiency, model merging strategies have emerged, one reduce memory footprint during inference. Despite...

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in NLP, but their demands hinder widespread deployment. While Quantization-Aware Training (QAT) offers a solution, its extensive training costs make Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) more practical approach for LLMs. In existing studies, activation outliers particular channels are identified as the bottleneck to PTQ accuracy. They propose transform magnitudes from activations weights, which however limited alleviation or suffers unstable gradients, resulting...

Abstract The integrated navigation system is used to estimate the position, velocity, and attitude of a vehicle with output inertial sensors. This paper concentrates on problem INS/GPS design simulation. structure made up four parts: 1) GPS receiver, 2) Inertial Navigation System, 3) Extended Kalman filter, 4) Integrated scheme. Afterwards, we illustrate how simulate extended filter by measuring velocity attitude. Particularly, can states nonlinear in noisy environment. In estimation state...

The effects of −8–8% in-plane uniaxial and biaxial strains on the electronic photocatalytic activity tungsten disulfide/blue phosphene (WS₂/BlueP) are investigated within framework first-principles calculations.

It is known that the Kalman filter has both stochastic and deterministic interpretations, whereby interpretation relates prediction of to response plant driven by minimising least squares disturbances acting thereon. Whilst known, contribution this note provide an alternative, simple self-contained proof these properties in discrete case. The presentation allows efficient derivation key properties, i.e. residuals computed (both forwards backwards) are identical disturbances. Results with...

Bearings-only tracking is a continuous-discrete system, whose state of motion in the continuous-time domain and measurement discrete-time domain. The unpredicted approximation errors are inevitable due to integration, discretization, linearization continuous model many filtering methods. adaptive covariance feedback framework proposed for solving this kind problem, which posterior sequence proved theoretically be useful prior updating. In framework, integrated with cubature Kalman filtering,...

We consider the development of a general nonlinear input-output theory which encompasses systems with initial conditions. Systems are defined in set theoretic manner from pairs on doubly infinite time axis, and construction conditions is given terms an equivalence class trajectories negative axis. Input-output operators then for conditions, suitable notion stability positive axis given. This closely related to ISS/IOS concepts Sontag. A fundamental robust theorem derived represents...

The ground moving target indicator (GMTI) radar plays an important role in surveillance, precision tracking, and classification of targets. measurements a GMTI are range, azimuth, radial velocity, which nonlinear functions the Cartesian sensor states. In our 2003 SPIE paper we analyzed performance converted measurement based Kalman filter (CMKF), extended (EKF), unscented (UKF), transition density particle (TD-PF). this paper, extend previous work by considering cubature (CKF). We also...

In this paper two modified least-squares iterative algorithms are presented for solving the Lyapunov matrix equations. The first algorithm is based on hierarchical identification principle, which can be viewed as a surrogate of proposed by Ding et al., whose convergence has not been proved until now. second one motivated new form fixed point scheme. With tool norm, proof both algorithms’ global offered. Furthermore, feasible sets their factors analyzed. Finally, numerical example to...

We propose trajectory estimation of a highly maneuvering fighter aircraft using an air moving target indicator (AMTI) radar on another and conduct performance evaluation number nonlinear filters. The goal is to demonstrate the proof concept choose suitable filter, which can be used onboard for real-time estimation. Target state accuracy, estimation, filter stability are important factors choosing by system designer. interacting multiple model (IMM) has been shown as efficient estimator...

We consider the development of a general nonlinear small-gain theorem for systems with abstract initial conditions. Systems are defined in set theoretic manner from input-output pairs on doubly infinite time axis, and construction conditions (i.e. state at zero) is given terms an equivalence class trajectories negative axis. By using this formulation, ISS-type established complete disconnection between stability property existence, uniqueness properties. provide illustrative example.

Lately, the practice of utilizing task-specific fine-tuning has been implemented to improve performance large language models (LLM) in subsequent tasks. Through integration diverse LLMs, overall competency LLMs is significantly boosted. Nevertheless, traditional ensemble methods are notably memory-intensive, necessitating simultaneous loading all specialized into GPU memory. To address inefficiency, model merging strategies have emerged, one reduce memory footprint during inference. Despite...

By taking full advantage of the similarity two-dimensional (2D) imaging result with target's mapping on 2D plane, this paper proposes a 3D image reconstruction method for spinning cone-shaped targets, which obtains true scattering centre distribution without scaling and trajectory. First, formulas projecting spatial point onto plane are derived. Then is presented. With proposed method, target can be implemented effectively. Numeric simulations have proved validity method.

Due to the spatial differences in installation positions between pod, aircraft, and inertial navigation system (INS), variations pod’s angles can introduce additional errors. To address this issue, a detailed derivation of attitude transformation relationship INS is performed. A Cubature Kalman Filter (CKF) algorithm proposed estimate angles. This has been validated through flight tests, demonstrating its effectiveness estimating master (MINS) relative zero-reference frame, as well...

Airborne radar can be used to surveillance wide area and monitor interesting targets, which makes it a good choice for military civil applications. However, the ground clutter is spread over region in Doppler due movement of platform, potential slowly moving target may obscured by heavy clutter. To solve this problem, knowledge-aided Space-time Adaptive Processing (KA-STAP) algorithm proposed. In particular, prior knowledge range-variance property as well information extracted from data have...

In this paper we show that a minimal state space realisation in Jordan canonical form for linear continuous-time systems described by rational transfer function could be obtained natural and basic way using the concept of Nerode equivalence. whilst is known, contribution note proposed procedure directly introduced not like other alternatives which are all somewhat ad hoc way. The idea equivalence can identified with corresponding class inputs. For finite dimensional time-invariant system,...

Abstract This paper provides a computable approach for the H ∞ control synthesis of nonlinear systems using piecewise envelope method. Firstly, computation method is presented such that required linear differential inclusions (PWLDIs) can be obtained by solving optimization problem. Then, we propose design PWLDIs Lyapunov function theory, all conditions are formulated as feasibility matrix inequalities, hence computationally tractable. Because inclusion relationship, controllers designed...

Abstract In this paper, we show that a minimal state space realization in Jordan canonical form for linear multivariable continuous‐time systems described by rational transfer function matrices could be obtained natural and basic way using the concept of Nerode equivalence. While is known, contribution note to provide an alternative procedure which directly introduced simple self‐contained manner. Both scalar cases setting are discussed. The presentation also provides concrete construction...

Electrochemically synthesis of NH3 from N2 using single-atom catalysts (SAC) is one the important strategies for industrial nitrogen fixation and production chemical raw materials. Herein, in framework DFT calculations, single transition metal (TM) atoms anchored on g-t-C3N4 are systemically studied to screen potential electrocatalysts reduction reaction (NRR). After a six-step screening process, Fe@g-t-C3N4 Os@g-t-C3N4 SACs screened out with good structural stability, high selectivity...

Nonlinear robust stability theorems due to Georgiou and Smith use the concept of nonlinear gap metric. While link between metric uncertainty small-gain theorem is clearly drawn already in Smith's original seminal work, contribution this paper provide an extensive treatise on relation these type multiple scenarios. Here a special case using gain functions shown be equivalent fundamental for feedback systems. Since existence solutions requirement system typically it harder establish than...