As a result of climate change, the frequency extreme temperature events is expected to increase, and such are associated with increased morbidity mortality. Vulnerability patterns, corresponding adaptation strategies, most usefully conceptualized at local level.We used case-only analysis examine subject neighborhood characteristics that modified association between heat waves All deaths New York City residents from 2000 through 2011 were included in this analysis. Meteorological data...

Background:Recent studies have suggested associations between air pollution and various birth outcomes, but the evidence for preterm is mixed.Objective:We aimed to assess relationship using 2008–2010 New York City (NYC) certificates linked hospital records.Methods:We analyzed 258,294 singleton births with 22–42 completed weeks gestation nonsmoking mothers. Exposures ambient fine particles (PM2.5) nitrogen dioxide (NO2) during first, second, cumulative third trimesters within 300 m of...

Recent epidemiological studies have examined the associations between air pollution and birth outcomes. Regulatory quality monitors often used in these studies, however, were spatially sparse unable to capture relevant within-city variation exposure during pregnancy. This study developed two-week average estimates for fine particles (PM2.5) nitrogen dioxide (NO2) pregnancy 274,996 New York City births 2008-2010. The exposures constructed by first developing land use regression (LUR) models...

Previous studies suggested a possible association between fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) the development of hypertensive disorders pregnancy, but effect sizes have been small methodologic weaknesses preclude firm conclusions. We linked birth certificates in New York City 2008-2010 to hospital discharge diagnoses estimated exposure based on maternal address. The Community Air Survey provided refined estimates PM2.5 NO2 at residence. exposures first...

Exposure to PM2.5 is associated with hundreds of premature mortalities every year in New York City (NYC). Current air quality and health impact assessment tools provide county-wide estimates but are inadequate for assessing benefits at neighborhood scales, especially evaluating policy options related energy efficiency or climate goals. We developed a new ZIP Code-Level Air Pollution Policy Assessment (ZAPPA) tool NYC by integrating two reduced form models─Community Quality Tools (C-TOOLS)...

Numerous studies have linked air pollution with adverse birth outcomes, but relatively few examined differential associations across the socioeconomic gradient. To evaluate interaction effects of gestational nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and area-level deprivation on fetal growth, we used: (1) highly spatially-resolved data from New York City Community Air Survey (NYCCAS); (2) spatially-stratified principle component analysis census variables previously associated outcomes to define deprivation....

Previous studies investigated potential health effects of large-scale power outages, including the massive failure that affected northeastern United States and Ontario, Canada, in August 2003, outages associated with major storms. However, information on localized is limited.The study sought to examine impacts citywide New York City (NYC).Along 2003 outage, July 1999 2006 were identified. We additionally localized, warm- cold-weather occurred any 66 NYC electric-grid networks during...

Differences in exposures and resources to manage personal health contribute persistent inequities air pollution burden despite vast quality improvements over the past 2–3 decades United States. These factors are, partly, linked historic racist practices, such as redlining, a discriminatory housing policy that was practiced legally between 1935 1968. Using 100 m × resolution land-use regression predicted surfaces of PM2.5 constituents (black carbon, nickel, vanadium, copper) source...

Hazardous air pollutant exposures are common in urban areas contributing to increased risk of cancer and other adverse health outcomes. While recent analyses indicate that New York City residents experience significantly higher risks attributable hazardous than the United States as a whole, limited data exist assess intra-urban variability toxics exposures.To spatial pollutants, street-level sampling for volatile organic compounds aldehydes was conducted at 70 sites throughout during spring...

Few past studies have collected and analyzed within-city variation of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) elements. We developed land-use regression (LUR) models to characterize spatial 15 PM2.5 elements at 150 street-level locations in New York City during December 2008-November 2009: aluminum, bromine, calcium, copper, iron, potassium, manganese, sodium, nickel, lead, sulfur, silicon, titanium, vanadium, zinc. Summer- winter-only data available 99 the subsequent 3 years, up November 2012, were...

Power outages can impact health, and certain populations may be more at risk. Personal preparedness reduce impacts, but information on power outage risk perception among vulnerable is limited. We examined concern New York City residents, including defined as older adults (≥ 65 years), respondents with household members who require assistance daily activities or depend electric medical devices. A random sample telephone survey was conducted during November–December 2016. Preparedness having a...

Determining the relationship between within-city spatial variation of ambient temperatures and land-use characteristics would be useful for developing mitigation strategies urban heat island effects in warming climate, but relatively few published studies collected high-density temperature data large cities to date. We applied regression (LUR) modeling during 2009–2016 as part New York City Community Air Survey (NYCCAS), a high density air pollution monitoring network with up 150 locations...

Strategies that reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions may also provide significant public health benefits and their estimation can help prioritize the case for climate change mitigation policies. In 2014, New York City (NYC) committed to GHG by 80% 2050 (80 × 50). this analysis we quantified air quality-related of policies outlined in 80 50 strategy, compared sector-specific (buildings, energy, transportation) policy impacts, assessed variations across NYC neighborhoods. We applied quality...

Previous source apportionment analyses of New York City (NYC) PM2.5 have found that transported pollution can account for up to half total fine particulate matter (PM2.5) mass. In recent years, several local and federal emissions regulations on both the transportation energy sector been introduced, such as Clean Heavy-Duty Bus Truck Rule, policies related NYC Heat Program. Since implementation these regulations, there limited studies regional transport air into NYC. This paper aims quantify...

Exposure to cold weather can cause cold-related illness and death, which are preventable. To understand the current burden, risk factors, circumstances of exposure for death directly attributed cold, we examined hospital discharge, certificate, medical examiner data during season from 2005 2014 in New York City (NYC), largest city United States. On average each year, there were 180 treat-and-release emergency department visits (average annual rate 21.6 per million) 240 admissions (29.6...

Using spatially- and temporally-resolved data from the New York City Community Air Survey (NYCCAS) State (NYS) Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) network, we characterized changes in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) nitrogen dioxide (NO2) following COVID-19 shutdown NYC (3/20/20 – 6/7/20). Difference-in-difference analysis PM2.5 NO2 measured at 93 sites were used to estimate change citywide pollution attributable shutdown. We also quantified how these pollutant varied among...

Previous studies have shown that higher ambient air temperature is associated with increased incidence of gastrointestinal illnesses, possibly as a result leaving potentially hazardous food in the danger zone for too long. However, little known about effect hot weather on restaurant practices to maintain safe temperatures. We examined impacts safety violations and operations New York City using quantitative qualitative methods. used data from 64,661 inspections conducted among 29,614...

Ground-truthing results are presented for a new 1-km air temperature product downscaled New York City (NYC) from ∼12 km North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) data using 1 moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer surface data. The was compared against unique highly spatially resolved ground-level ambient dataset collected through the Community Air Survey (NYCCAS), neighborhood level pollution and monitoring network, years 2009 2010. This work focuses on spatial variation...

Background: In conducting a study of ambient air pollution and pregnancy outcome in New York City, we identified delivery hospital as potential confounder, given its association with both maternal residence therefore exposure, clinical practices marker misclassification the coding complications. Motivated by evidence that adjustment for affected associations between outcome, undertook detailed empirical examination role warrants consideration others addressing this topic. Methods: births...