A5075376639- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Noise Effects and Management
- Global Health Care Issues
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Thermal Regulation in Medicine
- Urban Green Space and Health
- COVID-19 impact on air quality
- Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Urban Heat Island Mitigation
- Disaster Response and Management
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
Boston University
2011-2025
Brown University
2015-2024
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2009-2024
Boston Children's Hospital
2024
Massachusetts General Hospital
2024
Google (United States)
2021-2024
Ehlers-Danlos Society
2024
Gates (United States)
2024
Universidad de Sevilla
2024
Kent State University
2024
Fine particulate matter air pollution plus ozone impairs vascular function and raises diastolic blood pressure. We aimed to determine the mechanism pollutant responsible. The effects of on heart rate variability, pressure, biomarkers, brachial flow-mediated dilatation were determined in 2 randomized, double-blind, crossover studies. In Ann Arbor, 50 subjects exposed fine particles (150 μg/m 3 ) (120 parts per billion) for hours occasions with pretreatments an endothelin antagonist (Bosentan,...
The association between short-term elevations in ambient air particles and increased cardiovascular morbidity mortality is well documented. Ambient may similarly increase the risk of stroke.We evaluated daily levels respirable particulate matter (aerodynamic diameter < or =10 microm, PM10) hospital admission for ischemic hemorrhagic stroke among Medicare recipients (age > =65 years) 9 US cities using a 2-stage hierarchical model. In first stage, we applied time-stratified case-crossover...
Background:The link between daily changes in level of ambient fine particulate matter (PM) air pollution (PM Ͻ2.5 µm diameter [PM 2.5 ]) and cardiovascular morbidity mortality is well established.Whether PM levels below current US National Ambient Air Quality Standards also increase the risk ischemic stroke remains uncertain.Methods: We reviewed medical records 1705 Boston area patients hospitalized with neurologistconfirmed abstracted data on time symptom onset clinical characteristics.The...
Heat-wave frequency, intensity, and duration are increasing with global climate change. The association between heat mortality in the elderly is well documented, but less known regarding associations hospital admissions.Our goal was to determine moderate extreme heat, waves, admissions for nonaccidental causes among Medicare beneficiaries ≥ 65 years of age 114 cities across five U.S. zones.We used inpatient billing records city-specific data on temperature, humidity, ozone from 1992 through...
The aim of this study was to examine the putative adverse effects ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5 : PM with aerodynamic diameters <2.5μm) on brain volumes in older women. We conducted a prospective 1,403 community-dwelling women without dementia enrolled Women's Health Initiative Memory Study, 1996-1998. Structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed at age 71-89 years 2005-2006 obtain volumetric measures gray (GM) and normal-appearing white (WM). Given residential...
There is increasing interest in evaluating the association between specific fine-particle (particles with aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5 µm; PM2.5) constituents and adverse health outcomes rather focusing solely on impact of total PM2.5. Because PM2.5 may be related to both constituent concentration outcomes, that are more strongly correlated appear closely other even if they not inherently toxic. Therefore, it important properly account for potential confounding by these analyses....
<h3>Importance</h3> The implications of extreme heat for physical health outcomes have been well documented. However, the association between elevated ambient temperature and specific mental conditions remains poorly understood. <h3>Objective</h3> To investigate health–related emergency department (ED) visits in contiguous US among adults overall potentially sensitive subgroups. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> This case-crossover study used medical claims data obtained from OptumLabs...
Cross-sectional studies-often defined as those in which exposure and outcome are assessed at the same point time-are frequently viewed minimally informative for causal inference. While cross-sectional studies may be susceptible to reverse causality, limited assessment of disease prevalence rather than incidence, or only provide estimates current past exposures, not all suffer these limitations. Moreover, none concerns unique inherent structure a study. Regardless when were ascertained...
Abstract Objective To quantify the association between ambient heat and visits to emergency department (ED) for any cause specific conditions in conterminous United States among adults with health insurance. Design Time stratified case crossover analyses distributed lag non-linear models. Setting US nationwide administrative healthcare claims database. Participants All commercial Medicare Advantage beneficiaries (74.2 million) aged 18 years older May September 2010 2019. Main outcome...
Abstract Objective To estimate the excess relative and absolute risks of hospital admissions emergency department visits for natural causes, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease associated with daily exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) at concentrations below new World Health Organization air quality guideline limit among adults health insurance in contiguous US. Design Case time series study. Setting US national administrative healthcare claims database. Participants 50.1...
Legionella species are abundant in the environment and increasingly recognized as a cause of severe pneumonia. Increases cases community-acquired legionellosis greater Philadelphia metropolitan area (GPMA) led to concern that changing environmental factors could influence occurrence disease.We evaluated association between weather patterns GPMA, using both traditional Poisson regression analysis case-crossover study approach. The latter approach controls for seasonal confound relationship...
Short-term changes in levels of fine ambient particulate matter (PM2.5) may increase the risk acute ischemic stroke; however, results from prior studies have been inconsistent. We examined this hypothesis using data a multicenter prospective stroke registry. analyzed 9202 patients hospitalized with stroke, having documented date and time onset, residing within 50 km PM2.5 monitor 8 cities Ontario, Canada. evaluated onset associated each city time-stratified case-crossover design, matching on...
Background: We assessed the association between perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and pregnancy outcome in an area with elevated exposure to PFOA from drinking water contaminated by chemical plant releases. Methods: Serum was measured, reproductive residential histories were obtained during 2005–2006. estimated serum levels at time of for 11,737 pregnancies occurring 1990 2006, based on historical information releases, environmental distribution, pharmacokinetic modeling, histories. odds...
BackgroundThe effects of weather on West Nile virus (WNV) mosquito populations in the United States have been widely reported, but few studies assess their overall impact transmission to humans.ObjectivesWe investigated meteorologic conditions associated with reported human WNV cases States.MethodsWe conducted a case–crossover study 16,298 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 2001 2005. The primary outcome measures were incidence rate ratio disease occurrence mean weekly maximum...
Serum levels of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) have been associated with decreased renal function in cross-sectional analyses, but the direction association is unclear. We examined measured and model-predicted serum PFOA concentrations estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), a marker kidney function, highly exposed population (median PFOA, 28.3 ng/mL). creatinine, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorononanoic (PFNA), perfluorohexane (PFHxS) calculated eGFR 9,660 children 1 to < 18...
Exposure to ambient air pollution, particularly from traffic, has been associated with adverse cognitive outcomes, but the association depressive symptoms remains unclear. We investigated between exposure and traffic pollution presence of among 732 Boston-area adults ≥ 65 years age (78.1 ± 5.5 years, mean SD). assessed during home interviews using Revised Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-R). estimated residential distance nearest major roadway as a marker long-term...
<h3>Importance</h3> Hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub>(HbA<sub>1c</sub>) reflects past glucose concentrations, but this relationship may differ between those with sickle cell trait (SCT) and without it. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the association SCT HbA<sub>1c</sub>for given levels of fasting or 2-hour among African Americans. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> Retrospective cohort study using data collected from 7938 participants in 2 community-based cohorts, Coronary Artery Risk Development...
BackgroundAcute exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with acute changes in cardiac outcomes, often within hours of exposure.ObjectivesWe examined the effects pollutants on heart-rate–corrected QT interval (QTc), an electrocardiographic marker ventricular repolarization, and whether these associations were modified by participant characteristics genetic polymorphisms related oxidative stress.MethodsWe studied repeated measurements QTc 580 men from Veterans Affairs Normative...
Objectives To evaluate the association between residential distance to nearest major roadway, as a marker of long‐term exposure traffic pollution, and cognitive function in older adults. Design Prospective cohort study with median follow‐up 16.8 months. Setting Community. Participants Seven hundred sixty‐five community‐dwelling seniors. Measurements The M ini‐ ental S tate E xamination, H opkins V erbal L earning T est‐ R evised ( HVLT ‐ ), rail aking est TMT category letter fluency tests, C...