A5000717393- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Adrenal and Paraganglionic Tumors
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Amyloidosis: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcomes
- Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Noise Effects and Management
- Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
- Global Health Care Issues
- Obesity and Health Practices
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis
University of Edinburgh
2016-2025
The Queen's Medical Research Institute
2016-2024
Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
2024
Edinburgh Royal Infirmary
2019
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
2013
Hebrew SeniorLife
2013
Brown University
2012-2013
Harvard University
2013
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2013
Queen's University Belfast
2012-2013
Objectives To evaluate the association between residential distance to nearest major roadway, as a marker of long‐term exposure traffic pollution, and cognitive function in older adults. Design Prospective cohort study with median follow‐up 16.8 months. Setting Community. Participants Seven hundred sixty‐five community‐dwelling seniors. Measurements The M ini‐ ental S tate E xamination, H opkins V erbal L earning T est‐ R evised ( HVLT ‐ ), rail aking est TMT category letter fluency tests, C...
Short-term elevations in fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) are associated with increased risk of acute cerebrovascular events. Evidence from the peripheral circulation suggests that vascular dysfunction may be a central mechanism. However, effects PM2.5 on function and hemodynamics unknown. We used transcranial Doppler ultrasound to measure beat-to-beat blood flow velocity middle cerebral artery at rest response changes end-tidal CO2 (cerebral vasoreactivity) arterial pressure...
Abstract Corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG; SERPINA6 ) binds >85% of circulating glucocorticoids but its influence on their metabolic actions is unproven. Targeted proteolytic cleavage CBG by neutrophil elastase (NE; ELANE significantly reduces affinity, potentially increasing ‘free’ glucocorticoid levels at sites inflammation. NE inhibited alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT; SERPINA1 ). Using complementary approaches in mice and humans to manipulate or AAT, we show high-fat diet (HFD) increases...
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a therapeutic target for obesity. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) commonly used to quantify human BAT mass and activity. Detectable 18F-FDG uptake by associated with reduced prevalence of cardiometabolic disease. However, may not always be reliable marker thermogenesis, example, insulin resistance reduce glucose uptake. Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) the key thermogenic in BAT. Therefore, we hypothesised that UCP1 expression...
The diagnostic value of a single measurement serum cortisol as first step in the investigation suspected adrenal insufficiency remains unclear. Previously proposed criteria have not been validated, and little is known regarding performance test outwith morning samples outpatients. We aimed to identify validate for afternoon which could be used determine individuals require dynamic testing, both outpatient medical inpatient settings.We performed retrospective analysis 2768 patients attending...
Abstract Context 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11βHSD1) reduces inert cortisone into active cortisol but also catalyzes reverse activity. Drivers of cortisol/cortisone equilibrium are unclear. With obesity, 11βHSD1 transcripts more abundant in adipose, the consequences for oxidation vs reduction remain unknown. Objective This work aimed to determine whether metabolic tissues is regulated by insulin and obesity. Methods A 2-phase, randomized, crossover, single-blinded study a clinical...
Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) transports glucocorticoids in blood and is a serine protease inhibitor family member. Human CBG has reactive center loop (RCL) which, when cleaved by neutrophil elastase (NE), disrupts its steroid-binding activity. Measurements of levels are typically based on capacity or immunoassays. Discrepancies ELISAs using monoclonal antibodies that discriminate between intact vs RCL-cleaved have been interpreted as evidence with RCL low affinity for cortisol...
Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in obesity ISSN 2632-9808 (online)
Abstract Disclosure: L.D. Boyle: None. M. Nixon: C.M. Underhill: L.A. Hill: N.Z. Homer: Magennis: R. Andrew: G.L. Hammond: J.G. Lewis: R.H. Stimson: B.R. Walker: Background Corticosteroid Binding Globulin (CBG) binds >85% of plasma cortisol, modulating its biological activity. Proteolytic cleavage by neutrophil elastase (NE) reduces CBG binding capacity, proposed to increase free cortisol availability inflamed tissues. Genetic variation at the locus spanning SERPINA1 (encoding alpha-1...
Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | 1479-6848 (online)
Outcomes are poor for patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), in part due to the supraphysiological glucocorticoid doses required control androgen excess. Hydrocortisone (i.e. cortisol) is recommended treatment of CAH. However, other endogenous humans, corticosterone, actively transported out metabolic tissues such as adipose tissue and muscle, so we hypothesized that corticosterone could androgens while causing fewer adverse effects than hydrocortisone.
Introduction Poor renal function is prevalent in the United States, especially among African Americans, and closely linked with cardiovascular disease (CVD), sharing many risk factors. Exposure to traffic-related pollution associated both CVD decline mostly white American populations. The relation of this exposure Americans unclear. Methods This study was conducted baseline participants Jackson Heart Study (JHS), alarge cohort Americans. We used residential distance major (A1/A2) roads...
Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | 1479-6848 (online)
Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | 1479-6848 (online)