Sodium/proton exchanger 1 (NHE1) is an electroneutral secondary active transporter present on the plasma membrane of most mammalian cells and plays critical roles in regulating intracellular pH volume homeostasis. Calcineurin B-homologous protein (CHP1) obligate binding partner that promotes NHE1 biosynthetic maturation, cell surface expression pH-sensitivity. Dysfunctions either are associated with neurological disorders. Here, we elucidate structures human NHE1-CHP1 complex both inward-...

Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE) activity is regulated by several types of receptors directly coupled to distinct classes (i.e. Gs, Gi, Gq, and G12) heterotrimeric (αβγ) GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), which, upon activation, modulate production various second messengers (e.g. cAMP, cGMP, diacylglycerol, inositol trisphosphate, Ca2+). Recently, four isoforms the rat were identified molecular cloning. To examine their intrinsic responsiveness G protein messenger stimulation, three these isoforms,...

Abstract Background and Objectives Hypertrophic keloid scars result from alterations in the wound healing process. Treating abnormal remains an important challenge. The aim of this case series was to investigate effectiveness near infrared (NIR) light emitting diode (LED) treatment as a prophylactic method alter process order avoid or attenuate formation hypertrophic keloids. Study Design/Patients Methods Three patients (age 27–57) phototypes I–III with keloids due acne surgery participated...

Endometriosis, one of the most frequently occurring gynecological disorders, is estrogen dependent and often associated with immunological changes. These include increased macrophage activation infiltration into endometriotic implants themselves as well peritoneal cavity where develop. Despite critical role estrogens play in development endometriosis, biochemical mechanisms their action remain unclear. In present study we report that estradiol (E2) enhances cell responsiveness to...

Abstract Background and Objectives As photoprotection with traditional sunscreen presents some limitations, the use of non‐traditional treatments to increase skin resistance ultraviolet (UV) induced damage would prove particularly appealing. The purpose this pilot study was test potential non‐thermal pulsed light‐emitting diode (LED) (660 nm) prior UV exposure in induction a state cellular against UV‐induced erythema. Study Design/Materials Methods Thirteen healthy subjects two patients...

An alternative approach in the treatment of acne vulgaris is photodynamic therapy (PDT) that uses light and aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) production to eradicate Propionibacterium acnes found lesions. PpIX formation dependent on ALA percutaneaous penetration. In this study, enhance penetration subsequent accumulation PpIX, skin temperature was increased with radiant infrared (IR) prior ALA-PDT application compared alone inflammatory acne.Ten patients exhibiting a...

Christianson Syndrome, a recently identified X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder, is caused by mutations in the human gene SLC9A6 encoding recycling endosomal alkali cation/proton exchanger NHE6. The patients have pronounced limitations cognitive ability, motor skills and adaptive behaviour. However, mechanistic basis for this disorder poorly understood as few of more than 20 thus far been studied detail. Here, we examined molecular cellular consequences 6 base-pair deletion amino acids...

Sodium-proton exchanger 3 (NHE3/SLC9A3) located in the apical membrane of renal and gastrointestinal epithelia mediates salt fluid absorption regulates pH homeostasis. As an auxiliary regulatory factor NHE proteins, calcineurin B homologous protein 1 (CHP1) facilitates NHE3 maturation, plasmalemmal expression, sensitivity. Dysfunctions are associated with digestive system disorders. Here, we report cryo-electron microscopy structure human NHE3-CHP1 complex its inward-facing conformation. We...

Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is a major proinflammatory cytokine that believed to play central role in the pathophysiology of endometriosis. The IL-1 receptor type II (IL-1RII) known bind and inhibit its biological effects. In our previous studies, we showed human endometrium expresses IL-1RII, observed reduced expression protein women with aim this study was investigate IL-1RII mRNA endometrial tissue normal (n = 26) patients various degrees endometriosis 53). situ hybridization significantly...

Genetic screening has identified numerous variants of the endosomal solute carrier family 9 member A6 (SLC9A6)/(Na+,K+)/H+ exchanger 6 (NHE6) gene that cause Christianson syndrome, a debilitating X-linked developmental disorder associated with range neurological, somatic, and behavioral symptoms. Many these complete loss NHE6 expression, but how subtler missense substitutions or nonsense mutations partially truncate its C-terminal cytoplasmic regulatory domain impair activity function are...

Endometriosis, a frequent oestrogen-dependent disease believed to result from an aberrant proliferation of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity, is associated with increased expression monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in intrauterine endometrium. This makes it plausible that migrating cells are intrinsically able initiate chemoattraction and activation, phenomenon which has been consistently observed peritoneal cavity patients recently their eutopic To elucidate mechanisms...

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with aminolevulinic acid (ALA) to treat nodular basal cell carcinoma (BCC) has been shown be beneficial. The success rate of ALA-PDT in the treatment BCC is dependent on optimal penetration photosensitizing agent and subsequent PpIX production. To enhance topical delivery drugs intradermally, a needleless jet injection (NLJI), which employs high-speed puncture skin without side effects needles, was used one patient recurrent nose. Photoactivation then performed...