A5087051658- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
- Potato Plant Research
- Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
- Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management
- Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
- Berry genetics and cultivation research
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
- Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
James Hutton Institute
2016-2025
Australian Catholic University
2023
Acadia University
2022
University of Reggio Calabria
2015
Department of Primary Industries and Regions South Australia
2013
Czech Agrifood Research Center
1999-2012
University of Washington
2004
Forestry Commission England
1999
Pest and pathogen losses jeopardise global food security ever since the 19th century Irish famine, potato late blight has exemplified this threat. The causal oomycete pathogen, Phytophthora infestans, undergoes major population shifts in agricultural systems via successive emergence migration of asexual lineages. phenotypic genotypic bases these selective sweeps are largely unknown but management strategies need to adapt reflect changing population. Here, we used molecular markers document a...
Significance The potato late blight pathogen was introduced to Europe in the 1840s and caused devastating loss of a staple crop, resulting Irish famine subsequent diaspora. Research on this disease has engendered much debate, which recent years focused whether geographic origin is South America or central Mexico. Different lines evidence support each hypothesis. We sequenced four nuclear genes representative samples from Mexico American Andes. An Andean P. infestans does not receive detailed...
Plant disease epidemics resulting from introductions of exotic fungal plant pathogens are a well known phenomenon. An associated risk-that accelerated pathogen evolution may be occurring as consequence genetic exchange between introduced, or introduced and resident, pathogens-is largely unrecognized. This is, in part, because examples natural, interspecific hybridization fungi very rare. Potential evolutionary developments range the acquisition new host specificities to emergence entirely...
Co‐dominant microsatellite molecular markers for Phytophthora infestans were developed and their potential monitoring the genetic variation in populations was demonstrated UK, across Europe worldwide. Markers according to two strategies. First, several thousand P. expressed sequence tag (EST) bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) sequences screened presence of simple repeat (SSR) motifs, and, these, 100 candidate loci selected further investigation. Primer pairs these tested against a panel...
• A detailed molecular understanding of how oomycete plant pathogens evade disease resistance is essential to inform the deployment durable (R) genes. Map-based cloning, transient expression in planta, pathogen transformation and DNA sequence variation across diverse isolates were used identify characterize PiAVR2 from potato late blight Phytophthora infestans. an RXLR-EER effector that up-regulated during infection, accumulates at site haustoria formation, recognized inside host cells by...
Essentially all plant species exhibit heritable genetic variation for resistance to a variety of diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, oomycetes or viruses. Disease losses in crop monocultures are already significant, and would be greater but applications disease-controlling agrichemicals. For sustainable intensification production, we argue that disease control should as far possible achieved using genetics rather than costly recurrent chemical sprays. The latter imply CO₂ emissions from...
The considerable economic and social impact of the oomycete genus Phytophthora is well known. In response to evidence that all downy mildews (DMs) reside phylogenetically within Phytophthora, rendering paraphyletic, a proposal has been made split into multiple new genera. We have reviewed status its relationship DMs. Despite substantial increase in number described species improvements molecular phylogeny clade structure remained stable since first demonstrated 2000. Currently some 200 are...
SUMMARY New species of Phytophthora such as ramorum, P. kernoviae and quercina together with citricola are plant pathogens which impact on forest health, natural ecosystem stability international trade. A real-time multiplex PCR approach based TaqMan was developed to simultaneously identify detect these four species. Specific primers probes labelled FAM (P. ramorum), Yakima Yellow kernoviae), Rox citricola) Cy5 quercina) were designed in different regions the ras-related protein (Ypt1) gene....
A potato gene encoding a putative WRKY protein was isolated from cDNA library enriched by suppression subtractive hybridization for sequences upregulated 1 h post-inoculation with Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica. The encodes polypeptide of 172 amino acids, containing single domain zinc finger motif and preceded potential nuclear localization site. St-WRKY1 strongly in compatible, but only weakly incompatible, interactions Phytophthora infestans where, all cases, it coregulated class I...
Late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans , is an ongoing threat to potato and tomato crop production worldwide considerable fundamental applied research conducted with the long‐term aim of improved disease control. Understanding mechanisms, processes rates P. evolution important factor in predicting effectiveness durability new management practices. A range phenotypic genotypic tests has been achieve this goal, but each limitations methods are sought. Recent progress genomics providing...
A PCR‐based ‘molecular tool box’, based on a region of the ras‐related protein gene Ypt 1, was developed for identification 15 Phytophthora species that damage forests and trees: P. cactorum , cambivora cinnamomi citricola europaea inundata lateralis megasperma nemorosa kernoviae pseudosyringae psychrophila quercina ramorum ilicis . Most primers proved highly specific in blast analyses tests with DNA from 72 isolates 35 nine representative Pythium Exceptions were designed which cross‐reacted...
Late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans , has emerged as the most destructive disease of potato and tomato in South India since 2008. One hundred fifty‐seven isolates 63 from 94 tomato, were collected major production areas between 2010 2012. Their phenotypic genotypic characteristics determined compared with reference isolates. Isolates characterized based on mating type, vitro metalaxyl sensitivity, mitochondrial DNA haplotype, RG 57 fingerprinting patterns, SSR markers...
Summary Phenylamide fungicides have been widely used for the control of oomycete‐incited plant diseases over 30 years. Insensitivity to this chemical class fungicide was recorded early in its usage history, but precise protein(s) conditioning insensitivity has proven difficult determine. To determine genetic basis and inform strategies cloning gene(s) responsible, crosses were established between M efenoxam sensitive intermediate insensitive isolates P hytophthora infestans , potato late...
The greatest threat to potato production world-wide is late blight, caused by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans. A screen of 126 wild diploid Solanum accessions from Commonwealth Potato Collection (CPC) with P. infestans isolates belonging genotype 13-A2 identified resistances in species S. bulbocastanum, capsicibaccatum, microdontum, mochiquense, okadae, pinnatisectum, polyadenium, tarijense, and verrucosum. Effector-omics, allele mining, diagnostic RenSeq (dRenSeq) were utilized...
Forests and woodlands worldwide are being severely impacted by invasive Phytophthora species, with initial outbreaks in some cases occurring on host trees located public parks gardens. These highly disturbed sites diverse planting practices may indeed act as harbours for pathogens which particularly well adapted to surviving soil. High throughput Illumina sequencing was used analyse species diversity soil samples collected from 14 garden/amenity woodland northern Britain. Bioinformatic...
Abstract Mandipropamid is an active ingredient in the carboxylic acid amide group of fungicides and plays a key role current potato late blight ( Phytophthora infestans ) management programmes. However, reports from Danish growers 2022 suggested that mandipropamid had lost its efficacy. A study was therefore conducted to investigate sensitivity isolates collected fields which been reported be ineffective. Seventy‐two P . Denmark were genotyped using microsatellite markers, revealing...