A5036405442- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Potato Plant Research
- Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Banana Cultivation and Research
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Enzyme-mediated dye degradation
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Gene expression and cancer classification
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Light effects on plants
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
James Hutton Institute
2015-2024
University of Dundee
2015-2024
Northwest A&F University
2023
Huazhong Agricultural University
2022
State Forestry and Grassland Administration
2022
University of California, Berkeley
2022
United States Department of Agriculture
2015
University of California, Riverside
2015
Cornell University
2015
University of Pretoria
2010-2014
The genome of Phytophthora infestans, the pathogen that triggered Irish potato famine in nineteenth century, has been sequenced. It remains a devastating pathogen, with late blight destroying crops worth billions dollars each year. Blight is difficult to control, part because it adapts so quickly genetically resistant strains. Comparison two other genomes shows rapid turnover and extensive expansion specific families secreted disease effector proteins, including many genes induced during...
The oomycete Phytophthora infestans causes late blight, the potato disease that precipitated Irish famines in 1846 and 1847. It represents a reemerging threat to production is one of >70 species are arguably most devastating pathogens dicotyledonous plants. Nevertheless, little known about molecular bases pathogenicity these algae-like organisms or avirulence molecules perceived by host defenses. Disease resistance alleles, products which recognize corresponding pathogen, have been...
SUMMARY The soft rot erwiniae, Erwinia carotovora ssp. atroseptica ( Eca ) , E. Ecc and chrysanthemi Ech are major bacterial pathogens of potato other crops world‐wide. We currently understand much about how these bacteria attack plants protect themselves against plant defences. However, the processes underlying establishment infection, differences in host range their ability to survive when not causing disease, largely remain a mystery. This review will focus on our current knowledge...
The perception of downy mildew avirulence (Arabidopsis thaliana Recognized [ATR]) gene products by matching Arabidopsis resistance (Recognition Peronospora parasitica [RPP]) triggers localized cell death (a hypersensitive response) in the host plant, and this inhibits pathogen development. oomycete pathogen, therefore, is under selection pressure to alter form these prevent detection. That maintains genes indicates that they play a positive role survival. Despite significant progress cloning...
Pest and pathogen losses jeopardise global food security ever since the 19th century Irish famine, potato late blight has exemplified this threat. The causal oomycete pathogen, Phytophthora infestans, undergoes major population shifts in agricultural systems via successive emergence migration of asexual lineages. phenotypic genotypic bases these selective sweeps are largely unknown but management strategies need to adapt reflect changing population. Here, we used molecular markers document a...
Fungal and oomycete plant pathogens translocate effector proteins into host cells to establish infection. However, virulence targets modes of action their effectors are unknown. Effector AVR3a from potato blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans is translocated occurs in two forms: AVR3a(KI), which detected by resistance protein R3a, strongly suppresses infestin 1 (INF1)-triggered cell death (ICD), whereas AVR3a(EM), evades recognition weakly ICD. Here we show that interacts with stabilizes...
The bacterial family Enterobacteriaceae is notable for its well studied human pathogens, including Salmonella , Yersinia Shigella and Escherichia spp. However, it also contains several plant pathogens. We report the genome sequence of a pathogenic enterobacterium, Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica ( Eca ) strain SCRI1043, causative agent soft rot blackleg potato diseases. Approximately 33% genes are not shared with sequenced enterobacterial some predicted to facilitate unexpected...
The RXLR cytoplasmic effector AVR3a of Phytophthora infestans confers avirulence on potato plants carrying the R3a gene. Two alleles Avr3a encode secreted proteins that differ in only three amino acid residues, two which are mature protein. Avirulent isolates carry allele, encodes AVR3aKI (containing acids C19, K80 and I103), whereas virulent express virulence allele avr3a, encoding AVR3aEM (S19, E80 M103). Only protein is recognized inside plant cytoplasm where it triggers R3a-mediated...
The potato late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans secretes an array of effector proteins thought to act in its hosts by disarming defences and promoting colonisation. However, little is known about the host targets these effectors how they are manipulated pathogen. This work describes identification two putative membrane-associated NAC transcription factors (TF) as RxLR PITG_03192 (Pi03192). interacts with Targeted (NTP) 1 NTP2 at endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, where localised....
Potato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is a devastating disease worldwide. Unlike other plant pathogens, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) poorly taken up P. infestans, which key obstacle in using dsRNA for control. Here, self-assembled multicomponent nano-bioprotectant potato management designed based on and elicitor. Nanotechnology overcomes the delivery bottleneck extends RNAi protective window. The effect of nano-enabled against infection arises from synergistic mechanism that...
Cross-kingdom small RNA trafficking between hosts and microbes modulates gene expression in the interacting partners during infection. However, whether other RNAs are also transferred is unclear. Here, we discover that host plant Arabidopsis thaliana delivers mRNAs via extracellular vesicles (EVs) into fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea. A fluorescent aptamer reporter Broccoli system reveals EVs recipient cells. Using translating ribosome affinity purification profiling polysome analysis,...
Quorum sensing (QS) in vitro controls production of plant cell wall degrading enzymes (PCWDEs) and other virulence factors the soft rotting enterobacterial pathogen Pectobacterium atrosepticum (Pba). Here, we demonstrate genome-wide regulatory role QS vivo during Pba–potato interaction, using a Pba-specific microarray. We show that 26% Pba genome exhibited differential transcription (expI-) mutant, compared to wild-type, suggesting may make greater contribution pathogenesis than previously...
In addition to the resistance Phytophthora infestans (Rpi) genes Rpi-blb1 and Rpi-blb2, Solanum bulbocastanum appears harbor Rpi-blb3 located at a major late blight locus on LG IV, which also harbors Rpi-abpt, R2, R2-like, Rpi-mcd1 in other spp. Here, we report cloning functional analyses of four Rpi genes, using map-based approach, allele-mining strategy, Gateway technology, transient complementation assays Nicotiana benthamiana. Rpi-blb3, R2-like contain all signature sequences...
Mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades are key players in plant immune signaling pathways, transducing the perception of invading pathogens into effective defense responses. Plant pathogenic oomycetes, such as Irish potato famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans, deliver RXLR effector proteins to cells modulate host and promote colonization. Our understanding molecular mechanisms by which these effectors act is limited. Here, we report that P. infestans PexRD2 interacts with domain...
To overview the gene content of important pathogen Phytophthora infestans, large-scale cDNA and genomic sequencing was performed. A set 75,757 high-quality expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from P. infestans obtained 20 libraries representing a broad range growth conditions, stress responses, developmental stages. These included infestans-potato -tomato interactions, which 963 ESTs were identified. complement ESTs, onefold coveragethe genome regions coding potential unigene 18,256 sequences...
Summary A diverse range of plant proteases are implicated in pathogen perception and subsequent signalling execution disease resistance. We demonstrate, using protease inhibitors virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS), that the papain cysteine cathepsin B is required for resistance hypersensitive response (HR). VIGS prevented programmed cell death (PCD) compromised induced by two distinct non‐host bacterial pathogens. It also suppressed HR triggered transient co‐expression potato R3a...