A5002177566- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Lichen and fungal ecology
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Light effects on plants
- bioluminescence and chemiluminescence research
- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Tardigrade Biology and Ecology
- Space exploration and regulation
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Tea Polyphenols and Effects
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)
2015-2024
Institute of Air Handling and Refrigeration
1996-2023
Linde (Germany)
2005-2021
Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence
2019
Harvard University
2019
Alenia Aermacchi
2019
Space (Italy)
2019
Thales (Italy)
2019
Imperial College London
2019
Tokyo Institute of Technology
2019
Cryptoendolithic microbial communities and epilithic lichens have been considered as appropriate candidates for the scenario of lithopanspermia, which proposes a natural interplanetary exchange organisms by means rocks that impact ejected from their planet origin. So far, hardiness these terrestrial in severe hostile conditions space has not tested over extended periods time. A first long-term (1.5 years) exposure experiment was performed with variety rock-colonizing eukaryotic at...
Dried colonies of the Antarctic rock-inhabiting meristematic fungi Cryomyces antarcticus CCFEE 515, 534 and C. minteri 5187, as well fragments rocks colonized by cryptoendolithic community, were exposed to a set ground-based experiment verification tests (EVTs) at German Aerospace Center (DLR, Köln, Germany). These carried out test tolerance these organisms in view their possible exposure space conditions outside International Space Station (ISS). Tests included single or combined simulated...
BIOMEX (BIOlogy and Mars EXperiment) is an ESA/Roscosmos space exposure experiment housed within the facility EXPOSE-R2 outside Zvezda module on International Space Station (ISS). The design of multiuser supports—among others—the investigations into stability level degradation space-exposed biosignatures such as pigments, secondary metabolites, cell surfaces in contact with a terrestrial analog mineral environment. In parallel, analysis viability investigated organisms has provided relevant...
Spore-forming bacteria are of particular concern in the context planetary protection because their tough endospores may withstand certain sterilization procedures as well harsh environments outer space or surfaces. To test hardiness on a hypothetical mission to Mars, spores Bacillus subtilis 168 and pumilus SAFR-032 were exposed for 1.5 years selected parameters experiment PROTECT during EXPOSE-E board International Space Station. Mounted dry layers spacecraft-qualified aluminum coupons,...
The multi-user facility EXPOSE-E was designed by the European Space Agency to enable astrobiology research in space (low-Earth orbit). On 7 February 2008, carried International Station (ISS) on Technology Exposure Facility (EuTEF) platform cargo bay of Shuttle STS-122 Atlantis. installed at starboard cone Columbus module extravehicular activity, where it remained for 1.5 years. returned Earth with STS-128 Discovery 12 September 2009 subsequent sample analysis. provided accommodation three...
Dehydrated Antarctic cryptoendolithic communities and colonies of the rock inhabitant black fungi Cryomyces antarcticus (CCFEE 515) minteri 5187) were exposed as part Lichens Fungi Experiment (LIFE) for 18 months in European Space Agency's EXPOSE-E facility to simulated martian conditions aboard International Station (ISS). Upon sample retrieval, survival was proved by testing colony-forming ability, viability cells (as integrity cell membrane) determined propidium monoazide (PMA) assay...
To prevent forward contamination and maintain the scientific integrity of future life-detection missions, it is important to characterize attempt eliminate terrestrial microorganisms associated with exploratory spacecraft landing vehicles. Among organisms isolated from spacecraft-associated surfaces, spores Bacillus pumilus SAFR-032 exhibited unusually high resistance decontamination techniques such as UV radiation peroxide treatment. Subsequently, B. was flown International Space Station...
On July 23, 2014, the Progress cargo spacecraft 56P was launched from Baikonur to International Space Station (ISS), carrying EXPOSE-R2, third ESA (European Agency) EXPOSE facility, second on outside platform of Russian Zvezda module, with four international astrobiological experiments into space. More than 600 biological samples archaea, bacteria (as biofilms and in planktonic form), lichens, fungi, plant seeds, triops eggs, mosses 150 organic compounds were exposed harsh space environment...
Scientists use the Earth as a tool for astrobiology by analyzing planetary field analogues (i.e. terrestrial samples and sites that resemble bodies in our Solar System). In addition, they expose selected simulation chambers to conditions mimic ones of planets, moons Low Orbit (LEO) space conditions, well chemistry occurring interstellar cometary ices. This paper reviews ways is used astrobiologists: (i) conducting analogue studies investigate extant life from extreme environments, its...
Abstract EXPOSE-R flew as the second of European Space Agency (ESA) EXPOSE multi-user facilities on International Station. During mission external URM-D platform Zvezda service module, samples eight international astrobiology experiments selected by ESA and one Russian guest experiment were exposed to low Earth orbit space parameters from March 10th, 2009 January 21st, 2011. accommodated a total 1220 for exposure conditions combinations, including vacuum, temperature cycles through 273 K,...
The space environment is regularly used for experiments addressing astrobiology research goals. specific conditions prevailing in Earth orbit and beyond, notably the radiative (photons energetic particles) possibility to conduct long-duration measurements, have been main motivations developing experimental concepts expose chemical or biological samples outer space, use reentry of a spacecraft on simulate fall meteorite. This paper represents an overview past current conducted with special...
In the space experiment “Molecular adaptation strategies of microorganisms to different and planetary UV climate conditions” (ADAPT), bacterial endospores highly UV-resistant Bacillus subtilis strain MW01 were exposed low-Earth orbit (LEO) simulated martian surface conditions for 559 days on board European Space Agency's exposure facility EXPOSE-E, mounted outside International Station. The survival B. spores from both assays (LEO conditions) was determined by a colony-formation assay after...
Dried biofilms and dried multilayered planktonic counterparts obtained from three desert strains of Chroococcidiopsis were exposed to low Earth conditions by using the EXPOSE-R2 facility outside International Space Station. During space mission, samples in Tray 1 (space vacuum solar radiation, λ ≈ 110 nm) 2 (Mars-like UV flux, > 200 nm Mars-like atmosphere) received total (200-400 fluences about 4.58 × 102 kJ/m2 4.92 kJ/m2, respectively, 0.5 Gy cosmic ionizing radiation. Postflight analyses...
The extraordinarily resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans withstands harsh environmental conditions present in outer space. was exposed for 1 year outside the International Space Station within Tanpopo orbital mission to investigate microbial survival and space travel. In addition, a ground-based simulation experiment with conditions, mirroring those from low Earth orbit, performed.We monitored cells during early stage of recovery after orbit exposure using electron microscopy tools....
Whether terrestrial life can withstand the martian environment is of paramount interest for planetary protection measures and space exploration. To understand microbial survival potential in Mars-like conditions, several fungal bacterial samples were launched September 2019 on a large NASA scientific balloon flight to middle stratosphere (∼38 km altitude) where radiation levels resembled values at equatorial Mars surface. Fungal spores
Two rover missions to Mars aim detect biomolecules as a sign of extinct or extant life with, among other instruments, Raman spectrometers. However, there are many unknowns about the stability Raman-detectable in martian environment, clouding interpretation results. To quantify biomolecule stability, we exposed seven for 469 days simulated environment outside International Space Station. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) strongly changed spectra signals, but only minor change was observed when...
The cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis, overlain by 3 mm of Antarctic sandstone, was exposed as dried multilayers to simulated space and martian conditions. Ground-based experiments were conducted in the context Lichens Fungi Experiments (EXPOSE-E mission, European Space Agency), which performed evaluate, after 1.5 years on International Station, survival cyanobacteria (Chroococcidiopsis), lichens, fungi colonized rock. potential role played protection repair mechanisms response...