A5032922604- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Coccidia and coccidiosis research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment
2016-2025
Health Forecasting
2020
Utrecht University
2007-2018
Ministry of Health Welfare and Sport
2017
Nantes Université
2011
Wageningen University & Research
2009
HKV (Netherlands)
2003
Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience
1999
A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is causing an outbreak of viral pneumonia that started in Wuhan, China. Using the travel history and symptom onset 88 confirmed cases were detected outside Wuhan early phase, we estimate mean incubation period to be 6.4 days (95% credible interval: 5.6–7.7), ranging from 2.1 11.1 (2.5th 97.5th percentile). These values should help inform 2019-nCoV case definitions appropriate quarantine durations.
Background Contact tracing plays an important role in the control of emerging infectious diseases, but little is known yet about its effectiveness. Here we deduce from a generic mathematical model how effectiveness relates to various aspects time, such as course individual infectivity, (variability in) time between infection and symptom-based detection, delays process. In addition, possibility iteratively asymptomatic infecteds considered. With these insights explain why contact was will be...
Despite considerable research efforts, little is yet known about key epidemiological parameters of H5N1 highly pathogenic influenza viruses in their avian hosts. Here we show how these can be estimated using a limited number birds experimental transmission studies. Our quantitative estimates, based on Bayesian methods inference, reveal that (i) the period latency virus unvaccinated chickens short (mean: 0.24 days; 95% credible interval: 0.099–0.48 days); (ii) infectious approximately 2 days...
Background The case fatality ratio (CFR), the of deaths from an infectious disease to number cases, provides assessment virulence. Calculation cumulative cases during course epidemic tends result in a biased CFR. present study develops simple method obtain unbiased estimate confirmed CFR (cCFR), using only as denominator, at early stage epidemic, even when there have been few deaths. Methodology/Principal Findings Our adjusts cCFR by factor underestimation which is informed time symptom...
Mitigation of a severe influenza pandemic can be achieved using range interventions to reduce transmission. Interventions the impact an outbreak and buy time until vaccines are developed, but they may have high social economic costs. The non-linear effect on epidemic dynamics means that suitable strategies crucially depend precise aim intervention. National plans rarely contain clear statements policy objectives or prioritization potentially conflicting aims, such as minimizing mortality...
Whole-genome sequencing of pathogens from host samples becomes more and routine during infectious disease outbreaks. These data provide information on possible transmission events which can be used for further epidemiologic analyses, such as identification risk factors infectivity transmission. However, the relationship between sequence is obscured by uncertainty arising four largely unobserved processes: transmission, case observation, within-host pathogen dynamics mutation. To properly...
BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries have implemented physical distancing measures to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2.AimTo measure actual reduction contacts when are implemented.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was carried out in Netherlands 2016-17, which participants reported number and age their previous day. The repeated among a subsample April 2020, after strict were implemented, an extended sample June some relaxed.ResultsThe average community per day reduced from...
A mathematical model for the intracellular circadian rhythm generator has been studied, based on a negative feedback of protein products transcription rate their genes. The study is an attempt at examining minimal but biologically realistic requirements molecular loop involving considerably faster reactions, to produce (slow) oscillations. included mRNA and production degradation, along with proteins upon production. process was described solely by its total duration nonlinear term, whereas...
Analysis of historical data has strongly shaped our understanding the epidemiology pandemic influenza and informs analysis current future epidemics. Here, authors analyzed previously unpublished documents from a large household survey “Spanish” H1N1 pandemic, conducted in 1918, for first time quantifying transmissibility at person-to-person level during that most lethal pandemics. The estimated low probability transmission relative to comparable estimates seasonal other directly transmitted...
The transmission of infectious diseases livestock does not differ in principle from disease any other animals, apart that the aim control is ultimately economic, with influence social, political and welfare constraints often poorly defined. Modelling suffers simultaneously a wealth lack data. On one hand, ability to conduct experiments, detailed within-host studies track individual animals between geocoded locations make particularly rich potential source realistic data for illuminating...
Abstract This large, nationwide, population-based, seroepidemiological study provides evidence of the effectiveness physical distancing (>1.5 m) and indoor group size reductions in reducing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Additionally, young adults may play an important role viral spread, contrary to children up until age 12 years with whom close contact is permitted. Clinical Trials Registration NTR8473.
Since meat from poultry colonized with Campylobacter spp. is a major cause of bacterial gastroenteritis, human exposure should be reduced by, among other things, prevention colonization broiler flocks. To obtain more insight into possible sources introduction flocks, it essential to estimate the moment that first bird in flock colonized. If rate transmission within were known, such an could determined change prevalence birds over time. The aim this study was determine using field data...
Abstract Currently, a novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV causes an outbreak of viral pneumonia in Wuhan, China. Little is known about its epidemiological characteristics. Using the travel history and symptom onset 88 confirmed cases that were detected outside we estimate mean incubation period to be 6.4 (5.6 – 7.7, 95% CI) days, ranging from 2.1 11.1 days (2.5 th 97.5 percentile). These values help inform case definitions for appropriate durations quarantine.
We present a method to estimate basic reproduction ratio R0 from transmission experiments. By using previously published data of experiments with Classical Swine Fever Virus more extensively, we obtained smaller confidence intervals than the martingale used in original papers. Moreover, our allows simultaneous estimation within pens R0w and modified between R'0b. Resulting estimates R'0b for weaner pigs were 100 (95% CI 54.4-186) 7.77 (4.68-12.9), respectively. For slaughter they 15.5...
Commensal bacteria are a reservoir for antimicrobial-resistance genes. In the Netherlands, producing Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL) found on chicken-meat and in gut of broilers at high prevalence predominant ESBL-gene is bla CTX-M-1 located IncI1 plasmids. We aim to determine fitness costs this plasmid bacterium. investigated conjugation dynamics plasmids carrying gene batch culture its impact population three E. coli populations: donors, recipients transconjugants. The intrinsic...
Background The serological diagnosis of avian influenza (AI) can be performed using different methods, yet the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test is considered 'gold standard' for AI antibody subtyping. Although alternative diagnostic assays have been developed, in most cases, their accuracy has evaluated comparison with HI results, whose performance poultry not properly evaluated. Objective objective this study was to estimate sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) six other detection...
Abstract The impact of COVID-19 on population health is recognised as being substantial, yet few studies have attempted to quantify what extent infection causes mild or moderate symptoms only, requires hospital and/or ICU admission, results in prolonged and chronic illness, leads premature death. We aimed the total disease burden acute Netherlands 2020 using disability-adjusted life-years (DALY) measure, investigate how varies between age-groups occupations. Using standard methods diverse...
The global tuberculosis (TB) epidemic is driven by primary transmission. Pathogen genome sequencing increasingly used in molecular epidemiology and outbreak investigations. Based on contact tracing epidemiological links, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) cut-offs, ranging from 3 to 12 SNPs, identify probable transmission clusters or exclude direct However, can be limited recall bias inconsistent methodologies across TB settings. We propose phylodynamic models, i.e. methods infer processes...
Abstract During the COVID-19 pandemic non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were taken to mitigate virus spread. Assessing their effectiveness is essential in policy support but often challenging, due interactions between measures, increase of immunity, variant emergence and seasonal effects. These factors make results difficult interpret over a long period time. Using mechanistic approach, we estimate overall sets NPIs reducing transmission Our approach quantifies by comparing observed...
Campylobacter species are frequently identified as a cause of human gastroenteritis, often from eating or mishandling contaminated poultry products. Quantitative knowledge transmission in broiler flocks is necessary, this may help to determine the moment introduction more precisely. The aim study was rate parameter flocks. Four experiments were performed, each with four Campylobacter-inoculated chicks housed 396 contact per group. Colonization monitored by regularly testing fecal samples for...