In addition to drought and extreme temperatures, soil salinity represents a growing threat crop productivity. Among the cereal crops, barley is considered as notably salt tolerant, cultivars show considerable variation for tolerance towards stress. order unravel molecular mechanisms underlying stress utilize natural genetic of accessions, series hydroponics-based experiments was conducted using two mapping parents, cvs Steptoe Morex, which display contrasting levels tolerance. The proteome...

Saline habitats cover a wide area of our planet and halophytes (plants growing naturally in saline soils) are increasingly used for human benefits. Beside their genetic physiological adaptations to salt, complex ecological processes affect the salinity tolerance halophytes. Hence, prokaryotes fungi inhabiting roots leaves can contribute significantly plant performance. Members two prokaryotic domains Bacteria Archaea, as well fungal kingdom known be able adapt range changes external...

In the present paper, we based a search for candidates underlying different levels of salinity tolerance during germination in Oregon Wolfe Barley mapping population (DOM x REC) by proteomic profiling mature grain lines showing differing tolerance. By contrasting parents DOM and REC, displaying divergent stress responses, two tolerant sensitive segregants, six protein spots were identified that showed differential abundance between lines. The expressed higher level 6-phosphogluconate...

Proteins in the plant apoplast are essential for many physiological processes. We have analysed and compared six different infiltration solutions proteins contained to recognize most suitable method leaves establish proteome maps each extraction. The efficiency of protocols was evaluated by comparing protein patterns resolved 1-DE 2-DE, revealed distinct characteristics solution. Nano-LC-ESI-Q-TOF MS analysis all fractions applied cover differentially extracted led identification 328 total...

Besides glucosinolates, Brassica vegetables accumulate sulfur-containing (+)-S-methyl-l-cysteine sulfoxide (SMCSO, methiin), mainly known from Allium vegetables. Such (+)-S-alk(en)yl-l-cysteine sulfoxides can degrade to volatile organosulfur compounds (VOSCs), which have been linked health beneficial effects. In the present study, accumulation of SMCSO and formation VOSCs was investigated in oleracea content commercially available white red cabbages monitored over a three-month period with...

Abstract Na + accumulation in the leaf apoplast has been suggested to lead dehydration, later wilting and finally, death of affected leaves. Our aim evaluate whether reduction plant growth sensitive maize response salinity is correlated with higher amounts Cl − concentrations apoplast. Subcellular ion patterns intact leaves were investigated by using deionised water infiltration. We found an increase soluble about 16‐ 4‐fold, respectively, compared control. These characterized apoplasts...

Enterobacter radicincitans sp. nov. DSM16656(T) represents a new species of the genus which is biological nitrogen-fixing endophytic bacterium with growth-promoting effects on variety crop and model plant species. The presence genes for nitrogen fixation, phosphorous mobilization, phytohormone production reflects this microbe's potential activity.

Casparian strip-generated apoplastic barriers not only control the radial flow of both water and ions but may also constitute a hindrance for rhizosecretion stele-synthesized phytochemicals. Here, we establish root-synthesized glucosinolates (GLS) are in Arabidopsis as model to study transport routes plant-derived metabolites from site synthesis rhizosphere. Analysing expression GLS synthetic genes root indicate that stele is major aliphatic GLS, whereas indole can be synthesized cortex....

An in-depth glucosinolate (GLS) profiling was performed on a core collection of 91 Brassica rapa accessions, representing diverse morphotypes heterogeneous geographical origin, to better understand the natural variation in GLS accumulation and breakdown product formation. Leaves B. accessions were analyzed for their composition by UHPLC-DAD corresponding products GC-MS. Fifteen different GLSs identified, aliphatic prevailed regarding diversity concentration. Twenty-three among them nine...

Glucosinolates are precursors of bioactive and health-promoting isothiocyanates (ITCs). Upon enzymatic hydrolysis, Brassica vegetables, such as cabbage, also often yield nitriles epithionitriles main products next to ITCs. Here, we show that amines can be additional hydrolysis glucosinolates in vegetables. We propose a plant endogenous ITC hydrolase (ITCase) is responsible for the enzymatic-like conversion ITCs cabbage samples. This ITCase seems have high activity towards alkenyl like allyl...

Glucosinolates present in Brassicaceae play a major role herbivory defense. Upon tissue disruption, glucosinolates come into contact with myrosinase, which initiates their breakdown to biologically active compounds. Among these, the formation of epithionitriles is triggered by presence epithiospecifier protein (ESP) and terminal double bond glucosinolate side chain. One ESP gene characterized model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (AtESP; At1g54040.2). However, Brassica species underwent genome...

Inulin- and neoseries-type fructans [fructooligosaccharides (FOS) fructopolysaccharides] accumulate in storage roots of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.), which continue to grow throughout the lifespan this perennial plant. However, little is known about at spatial level planta, degree control by plant largely uncertain. We have utilized mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) resolve FOS distribution patterns (inner, middle, outer tissues). Fructan proteome profiling were further applied...

Abstract Comprehensive untargeted and targeted analysis of root exudate composition has advanced our understanding rhizosphere processes. However, little is known about spatial distribution regulation. We studied the specific metabolite signatures asparagus exudates, outer (epidermis exodermis), inner tissues (cortex vasculature). The greatest differences were found between exudates tissues. In total, 263 non-redundant metabolites identified as significantly differentially abundant three...

Crops are often simultaneously threatened by abiotic and biotic stress factors but the response of plant holobiont is not well understood, despite high importance this to ensure future production. Therefore, aim study was assess impact individual combined (ionic osmotic) ( Verticillium dahliae Fusarium oxysporum) on performance bacterial composition root endosphere in tomato. Structure function microbiota analyzed 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing a complementary cultivation...

Abstract The nuclear matrix is a compartment that has diverse functions in chromatin regulation and transcription. However, how this structure influences epigenetic modifications gene expression plants largely unknown. In study, we show binding protein, AHL22, together with the two transcriptional repressors FRS7 FRS12, regulates hypocotyl elongation by suppressing of group genes known as SMALL AUXIN UP RNAs ( SAURs ) Arabidopsis thaliana . repression depends on their attachment to matrix....

Abstract Salinity and boron (B) toxicity often occur simultaneously may have interactive effects on plant responses. This study aims at further investigating long‐term of salinity, B their combination wheat plants. Plants grown in hydroponics were treated with 2.5 μ m H 3 BO (control), 75 NaCl, 200 or NaCl + analysed a subcellular level 6 weeks after germination. Shoot fresh dry weight (DW), water content, transpiration rate osmolality reduced, while Na Cl − concentrations increased under...

The soil-borne fungal pathogen Verticillium longisporum is able to penetrate the root of a number plant species and spread systemically via xylem. Fumigation contaminated soil with Brassica green manure used as an environmentally friendly method for crop protection. Here we present study focused on potential role glucosinolates their breakdown products model Arabidopsis thaliana in suppressing growth V. longisporum. For this purpose analysed glucosinolate composition leaves roots set 19 key...

The species Verticillium represents a group of highly destructive fungal pathogens, responsible for vascular wilt in number crops. host response to infection by V. longisporum at the level secondary plant metabolites has not been well explored. Natural variation glucosinolate (GLS) composition four Arabidopsis thaliana accessions was characterized: Bur-0 and Hi-0 accumulated alkenyl GLS, while 3-hydroxypropyl GLS predominated Kn-0 Ler-0. With respect degradation products, generated mainly...

Amaranth species are globally grown food crops. However, knowledge about the composition of their secondary metabolites is insufficient. Here, selected hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, flavonoid glycosides, carotenoids and chlorophylls in leaves 14 genotypes from six different amaranth were identified quantified. For first time, caffeic esters isocitric several aldaric acids isolated quantified a leafy matrix. High concentrations derivatives chlorophylls, moderate amounts flavonoids...