A5083886913- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Neurological and metabolic disorders
- Conducting polymers and applications
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
University of Michigan
2015-2024
Johannes Kepler University of Linz
2005-2024
Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
2021-2024
Cohort (United Kingdom)
2023
Michigan United
2012-2022
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
2022
The University of Melbourne
2022
Center for Inherited Blood Disorders
2022
Michigan Medicine
1991-2021
VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System
2009-2020
Responses to pain and other stressors are regulated by interactions between multiple brain areas neurochemical systems. We examined the influence of a common functional genetic polymorphism affecting metabolism catecholamines on modulation responses sustained in humans. Individuals homozygous for met158 allele catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) (val158met) showed diminished regional mu-opioid system compared with heterozygotes. These effects were accompanied higher sensory affective ratings...
Age-related decline in working memory figures prominently theories of cognitive aging. However, the effects aging on neural substrate are largely unknown. Positron emission tomography (PET) was used to investigate verbal and spatial short-term storage (3 sec) older younger adults. Previous investigations with subjects performing these same tasks have revealed asymmetries lateral organization memory. Using volume interest (VOI) analyses that specifically compared activation at sites...
Abstract Multifactorial mechanisms underlying late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) are poorly characterized from an integrative perspective. Here spatiotemporal alterations in brain amyloid-β deposition, metabolism, vascular, functional activity at rest, structural properties, cognitive integrity and peripheral proteins levels relation to LOAD progression. We analyse over 7,700 images tens of plasma cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers the Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Through a...
Three experiments used position emission tomography (PET) to study the neural basis of human working memory. These studies ask whether different circuits underly verbal and spatial In Experiment 1, subjects had retain for 3 sec. either names four letters (verbal memory) or positions three dots (spatial memory). The PET results manifested a clear cut double dissociation, as task activated primarily left-hemisphere regions whereas only right-hemisphere regions. 2, identical sequence was...
Abstract Although amyloid imaging with PiB‐PET ([C‐11]Pittsburgh Compound‐B positron emission tomography), and now F‐18‐labeled tracers, has produced remarkably consistent qualitative findings across a large number of centers, there been considerable variability in the exact numbers reported as quantitative outcome measures tracer retention. In some cases this is trivial choice units, it scanner dependent, course, different tracers yield numbers. Our working group was formed to standardize...
The endogenous opioid system is involved in stress responses, the regulation of experience pain, and action analgesic opiate drugs. We examined function mu-opioid receptors brains healthy human subjects undergoing sustained pain. Sustained pain induced regional release opioids interacting with a number cortical subcortical brain regions. activation receptor was associated reductions sensory affective ratings experience, distinct neuroanatomical involvements. These data demonstrate central...
Reductions in pain ratings when administered a placebo with expected analgesic properties have been described and hypothesized to be mediated by the pain-suppressive endogenous opioid system. Using molecular imaging techniques, we directly examined activity of system on μ-opioid receptors humans sustained without administration placebo. Significant placebo-induced activation receptor-mediated neurotransmission was observed both higher-order sub-cortical brain regions, which included...
Current cognitive models of verbal working memory include two components a phonological store and rehearsal mechanism that refreshes the contents this We present research using positron emission tomography (PET) to provide further evidence for functional division In Experiment 1, subjects performed variant Sternberg's (1966) item recognition task 2 used continuous with control conditions designed separate brain regions underlying storage The results show independent mediate 3, dual-task...
We report an experiment that assesses the effect of variations in memory load on brain activations mediate verbal working memory. The paradigm forms basis this is "n-back" task which subjects must decide for each letter a series whether it matches one presented n items back series. This interest because recruits processes involved both storage and manipulation information Variations difficulty were accomplished by varying value n. As increased, showed poorer behavioral performance as well...
Although beta-amyloid (Abeta) plaques are a primary diagnostic criterion for Alzheimer's disease, this pathology is commonly observed in the brains of non-demented older individuals. To explore importance absence dementia, we compared levels amyloid deposition (via 'Pittsburgh Compound-B' (PIB) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging) to hippocampus volume (HV) and episodic memory (EM) three groups: (i) normal controls (NC) from Berkeley Aging Cohort (BAC NC, n = 20); (ii) disease...
Using data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) population, we examined (1) cross-sectional relationships between amyloid deposition, hypometabolism, and cognition, (2) associations hypometabolism measurements longitudinal cognitive measurements.We mean cortical florbetapir uptake, (18) F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) within a set of predefined regions, Alzhiemer's Assessment Scale (ADAS-cog) performance in 426 ADNI participants (126 normal,...
<h3>Context</h3> Placebo and nocebo effects, the therapeutic adverse respectively, of inert substances or sham procedures, represent serious confounds in evaluation interventions. They are also an example cognitive processes, particularly expectations, capable influencing physiology. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine contribution 2 different neurotransmitters, endogenous opioid dopaminergic (DA) systems, to development placebo effects. <h3>Design Setting</h3> Using a within-subject design,...
We demonstrate that efficient shape control may be achieved in the shell of colloidally grown semiconductor nanocrystals (independent core), allowing combination a 0-D spherical CdSe core with 1-D rodlike CdS shell. Besides exhibiting linearly polarized emission room-temperature quantum efficiency above 70%, these mixed-dimensionality colloidal heterostructures display large, length-dependent Stokes shifts as well giant extinction coefficients approaching 107cm-1 M-1.
Neuroimaging studies of normal subjects and patients with focal lesions implicate regions parietal cortex in verbal working memory (VWM), yet the precise role VWM remains unclear. Some evidence (; ) suggests that mediates storage information, but these most previous ones included encoding retrieval processes as well rehearsal information. A recent positron emission tomography (PET) study by isolated from other did not find reliable activation cortex. This result may be involved storage,...
There are many occasions in which humans and other animals must inhibit the production of some behavior or processing internal representation. Success inhibitory under normal circumstances can be revealed by fact that certain brain pathologies render ineffective. These often have been associated with damage to frontal cortex, including lateral inferior aspects. We provide behavioral evidence a verbal working memory task that, hypothesis, engaged processing, we show (by using positron...
Distinguishing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) currently relies on a clinical history examination, but positron emission tomography with [(18)F] fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) shows different patterns of hypometabolism in these disorders that might aid differential diagnosis. Six experts variable FDG-PET experience made independent, forced choice, diagnostic decisions 45 patients pathologically confirmed AD (n = 31) or FTD 14) using five separate methods: (1) review...
<h3>Background</h3> Pathology reports have shown that cholinergic forebrain neuronal losses in parkinsonian dementia (PDem) are equal to or greater than those Alzheimer disease (AD). We hypothesized patients with PDem would deficits were similar of AD. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine vivo cortical acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity healthy control subjects and mild AD, PDem, Parkinson without using AChE positron emission tomography. <h3>Setting</h3> University Veterans' Administration...
Background This is a progress report of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) positron emission tomography (PET) Core. Methods The Core has supervised acquisition, quality control, and analysis longitudinal [ 18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET (FDG‐PET) data in approximately half ADNI cohort. In an “add on” study, 100 subjects also underwent scanning with 11 C] Pittsburgh compound B for amyloid imaging. developed control procedures standardized image acquisition by developing...
Abstract We used positron emission tomography (PET) to answer the following question: Is working memory a unitary storage system, or does it instead include different buffers for kinds of information? In Experiment 1, PET measures were taken while subjects engaged in either spatial-memory task (retain position three dots 3 sec) an object-memory identity two objects sec). The results manifested striking double dissociation, as spatial activated only right-hemisphere regions, whereas object...
1. To identify the forebrain and brain stem structures that are active during perception of acute heat pain in humans, we performed H2 15O positron emission tomographic (PET) analyses cerebral blood flow (CBF) on nine normal volunteers while they received repetitive noxious (50 degrees C) innocuous (40 5 s pulses to forearm (average resting temperature 31.8 C). Each subject rated subjective intensity each stimulation series according a magnitude estimation procedure which 0 = no sensation, 7...