Guar, the most popular vegetable, is tolerant of drought and a valuable industrial crop enormously grown across India, Pakistan, USA, South Africa for pharmaceutically cosmetically usable galactomannan (gum) content present in seed endosperm. Guar genotypes with productive traits which could perform better differential environmental conditions are utmost priority genotype selection. This be achieved by employing multivariate trait analysis. In this context, Multi-Trait Stability Index (MTSI)...

Observational analysis has shown that when El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events typically reach their peak amplitude in boreal winter, the associated zonal wind anomalies abruptly shift southward so maximum anomalous is located around 5°–7°S. Here, an utilizing multiple products identifies a clear ENSO phase nonlinearity extent of this meridional movement and its dynamically linked changes equatorial heat content. It discharging effect increase with increasing Niño amplitude, while...

Fish stocks are managed within national boundaries and by regional organizations, but the interdependence of between these jurisdictions, especially as a result larval dispersal, remains poorly explored. We examined international connectivity 747 commercially fished taxonomic groups building global network fish dispersal. found that world's fisheries highly interconnected, forming small-world network, emphasizing need for cooperation. quantify each country's dependence on its neighbors in...

In eastern Australia we expect to experience wet conditions during La Niña and dry El Niño events. We explore how well these expectations match historical outcomes by assessing, for spring, much rain fell past use a tercile framing find that rainfall averaged across Australia, approximately doubles the chance of spring being in whereas spring. Also note is Niña, mostly vacant Niño, vacant, indicating one should not or as whole. At individual locations results vary, some cases, including...

Climate change has increasing effects on horticultural crops. To investigate the impact of CO2 and temperature at elevated levels tomato production quality fruits an experiment was conducted by growing plants in open top chambers. The were raised EC550 (elevated 550 ppm) EC700 700 alone combination with (ET) + 2 °C These elevate treatment compared grown under ambient conditions. Outcome indicated that growth parameters namely plant stature terms height (152.20 cm), leaf number (158.67),...

Abstract Fish spawning locations are a crucial input into fisheries management and conservation plans, many stocks especially sensitive to the environmental conditions within these localized zones. Globally collated data on across species has been unavailable, hindering global stock assessments analyses of sustainable development change. To address this, we created geocoded fish dataset using qualitative information from FishBase Science Conservation Aggregations (SCRFA). We cleaned 1,045...

Sorghum is an important dual-purpose crop of India grown for food and fodder. Prevailing weather conditions during the growth period determine yield sorghum. Hence, forecasting models based on parameters will be appropriate option policymakers researchers to develop sustainable cropping strategies. In present study, six multivariate weather-based viz., least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO), elastic net (ENET), principal component analysis (PCA) in combination with stepwise...

Abstract Diverse characteristics of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events challenge the traditional view tropical coupled ocean-atmosphere systems. The probability a transition from one type event to another is influenced by multiple factors which many are projected change. Here we assess likelihood ENSO transitions in observations and climate models, including distinction between that peak Eastern Pacific (EP) Central (CP). We find initial state influences certain some not physically...

A field investigation was conducted at Experimental Farm, Department of Agronomy, Faculty Agriculture, Annamalai University, Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu during September - February 2022 to study the effect biostimulants on growth attributes and yield rice. The experiment laid out in a randomized block design with nine treatments three replications. consisted T1 100% RDF (150:50:50 kg N, P2O5 K2O), T2 + 3% Panchagavya spray 30, 45 60 DAT, T3 5% Jeevamirtham T4 3 % Dasagavya T5 2% Humic...

The transcriptional activity of pBR322 form V DNA template, a topologically unlinked, highly supercoiled molecule having unusual structures around or within coding regions was studied. Significant transcription observed in vitro from this template despite high levels supercoiling. An attenuated transcript, initiated accurately the P4 promoter rep gene, which indicated pausing E.coli RNA polymerase gene. This could be removed by relieving torsional stress implying that supercoil induced...

Brassinosteroids (BRs) have emerged as pleiotropic phytohormone owing to their wide function in crop growth and metabolism. Homobrassinolide (HBR) being an analogue of BRs is known improve the growth, yield quality parameters many plants. Thus, evaluation study was conducted for two years (2018 2019) elucidate performance tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) a novel group phytohormone,HBR. The field experiment comprised seven treatments with homobrassinolide 0.04% (Emulsifiable...

Elevated carbon dioxide (EC) can increase the growth and development of different C3 fruit crops, which may further nutrient demand by accumulated biomass. In this context, current investigation was conceptualized to evaluate performance uptake tomato plants under elevated CO2 (EC700 EC550 ppm) temperature (+2 °C) in comparison ambient conditions. Significant improvement indicating parameters like leaf area, area index, duration crop rate were measured at EC700 stages growth. Further,...

Abstract The record-shattering hot day in the Pacific Northwest June 2021 is used to motivate a study of temperature extremes very large hindcast ensemble. hottest days ensemble have similar scale and synoptic patterns those associated with observed event. From perspective fixed location, are acutely sensitive chance sequencing dry period precisely positioned weather pattern. These thus rare require samples (tens thousands years) capture. enduring nature heat records can be understood...

Abstract Transient atmospheric vortices called monsoon low pressure systems (LPS) generate a large fraction of total rainfall over South Asia and often produce extreme precipitation. Here, we assess the influence these storms on occurrence disasters, using information from Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) that geocoded then associated with LPS tracks. We show more than half hydro-meteorological disasters during summer are events. Weaker (which lows) occur frequently stronger (called...

Abstract Tropical Pacific decadal variability (TPDV), though not the totality of variability, has wide-ranging climatic impacts. It is currently unclear whether this phenomenon predictable. In study, we reconstruct attractor tropical system in long, unforced simulations from an intermediate-complexity model, two general circulation models (GCMs), and observations with aim assessing predictability TPDV these systems. We find that positive (high variance, El Niño–like) negative (low La...

Monsoon fluctuation due to El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has a reflective influence on rice production, which is the major food grain crop in India. The impact of ENSO spatial variability summer monsoon rainfall was analyzed from 1950 2018 and that Kharif production for period 1998–2016. It clear analysis had varied influences over different rice-growing districts Karnataka. During (strong, moderate, weak) years, southwest (S-W) below normal all Karnataka, wherein highest negative...

Abstract Despite common background La Niña conditions, Australia was very dry in November 2020 and wet 2021. This paper aims to provide an explanation for this difference. Large-scale drivers of Australian rainfall, including El Niño–Southern Oscillation, Indian Ocean dipole, Southern Annular Mode, Madden–Julian oscillation, were examined but did not obvious clues the differences. We found that absence (in 2020) or presence 2021) enhanced thermal wind subtropical jet over continent...

The Tropical Pacific Ocean displays persistently cool sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies that last several years to a decade, with either no El Niño events or few weak events. These cause large-scale droughts in the extratropics, including major North American such as 1930s Dust Bowl, and also modulate global mean temperature. Here we show two models different levels of complexity—the Zebiak–Cane intermediate model Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Coupled Model version 2.1—are able...

The sodium salt of poly(dG‐dC) is known to exhibit a B → Z transition in the presence various cations and 60% alcohol. We here show that lithium does not undergo alcohol since Li + with its large hydration shell cannot stabilize Z‐form. On other hand, high concentrations Mg 2+ or micromolar cobalt hexamine complex which are Z‐form can compete for charge neutralization hence bring about same polymer. From model building studies mode action cobalt—hexamine stabilizing postulated.