The irregular appearance of planktonic algae blooms off the coast southern California has been a source wonder for over century. Although large algal can have significant negative impacts on ecosystems and human health, predictive understanding these events eluded science, many come to regard them as ultimately random phenomena. However, highly nonlinear nature ecological dynamics give randomness stress traditional methods-such model fitting or analysis variance-to point breaking....

Soundscapes with minimal anthropogenic noise sources are key for the survival and effective communication of marine mammals. The Gulf Tribugá is part breeding ground humpback whale Stock G. Currently, no large-scale infrastructure exists on Gulf's coastline, making it an area high biodiversity little noise. Whale-watching one few human activities that contributes to soundscape. By Morro Mico, southern limit Utría Natural National Park, Ecological Acoustic Recorder (EAR, Oceanwide Science...

Detecting marine mammal vocalizations in underwater acoustic environments and classifying them to species level is typically an arduous manual analysis task for skilled bioacousticians. In recent years, machine learning other automated algorithms have been explored quickly detecting all sound sources ambient environment, but many of these still require a large training dataset compiled through time-intensive pre-processing. Here, application the signal decomposition technique Empirical Mode...

The loss of Arctic sea ice is one the most visible signs global climate change. As has retreated, marine shipping increased. Pan-Arctic's unique underwater acoustic properties mean that even small increases in ship traffic can have a significant effect on ambient soundscape. This study presents first long-term, basin-scale model noise Pan-Arctic with focus few select sub-regions. Ship Traffic Database from Protection Marine Environment used this to locations and source levels ships operating...

ABSTRACT We examined the extent to which acoustic noise in urban environments influences song characteristics and singing behaviour of Northern Cardinals Cardinalis cardinalis American Robins Turdus migratorius. predicted that, response loud noise, birds would improve signal transmission by (1) increasing rate (2) adjusting such as pitch length. From May—July 2006, 42 cardinals 53 robins were recorded forests located within four central Ohio: rural, residential, commercial, highway....

Each winter gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) breed and calve in Laguna San Ignacio, Mexico, where a robust, yet regulated, whale-watching industry exists. Baseline acoustic environments LSI's three zones were monitored between 2008 2013, anticipation of new road being paved that will potentially increase tourist activity to this relatively isolated location. These differ levels both whale usage activity. Ambient sound level distributions computed terms percentiles power spectral...

Baleen whale vocal activity can be the dominant underwater ambient noise source for certain locations and seasons. Previous wind-driven ambient-noise formulations have been adjusted to model levels generated by random distributions of singing humpback whales in ocean waveguides combined a single model. This theoretical predicts that changes with respect fractional singer population (defined as "sensitivity") are relatively unaffected level song spectra individual (Megaptera novaeangliae)....

Automated and manual acoustic localizations of migrating bowhead whales were used to estimate source level calling depth distributions their frequency-modulated-modulated calls over seven years between 2008 2014. Whale positions initially triangulated using directional autonomous seafloor recorders, deployed 25 55 m water near Kaktovik, Alaska, during the fall westward migration. Calling depths estimated by minimizing “discrepancy” estimates from at least three recorders detecting same call....

Abstract As Arctic seas rapidly change with increased ocean temperatures and decreased sea ice extent, traditional marine mammal distributions may be altered, typically temperate species shift poleward. Extant seasonal odontocete on the continental shelves of Bering Chukchi Seas include killer whales ( Orcinus orca ), sperm Physeter microcephalus beluga Delphiapterus leucas harbor porpoises Phocoena phocoena Dall’s Phocoenoides dalli ). Newly documented, Risso’s dolphins Grampus griseus )...

Warming in the Arctic region is three times rate of global average with summer sea ice declining 11.5% per decade since 1979 (Comiso and Hall 2014). This drives ice-obligate ice-associated marine mammal species northward opens space for temperate to also shift poleward. Larger more rapid shifts are be expected, especially if predicted free summers by 2030s (Kwok et al. 2009, Wang Overland 2012). Previous research has shown that several spend some or all their life cycles (bowhead, gray,...

Acoustic methods are an established technique to monitor marine mammal populations and behavior, but developments in computer science can expand the current capabilities. A central aim of these is automated detection classification vocalizations. While many studies have applied bioacoustic cetacean calls, there has been limited success with humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) social call classification, which largely remained a manual task bioacoustics community. In this project, we...

As Arctic seas rapidly change with increased ocean temperatures and decreased sea ice extent, traditional marine mammal distributions may be altered, non-traditional species shift poleward. Extant seasonally include bowhead, humpback, right, gray, fin, minke, blue whales; odontocetes, specifically killer (Oo), sperm (Pm), beluga several pinnipeds species. Until recently, recording constraints limited higher sampling rates prevented the detection of many high-frequency-producing in seas. Such...

A characteristic feature of the eastern Bering Sea (EBS) is a subsurface layer linked to seasonal sea ice (SSI) and defined by bottom temperatures less than 2 °C, which termed cold pool. Cold pool variability directly tied regional zooplankton fish dynamics. Multifrequency (200 460 kHz) acoustic backscatter data were collected remotely using upward looking echosounders along EBS shelf from 2008 2018 used as proxy biological abundance. Acoustic coupled with temperature SSI (2006–2013) warm...

The Cold Pool is a subsurface layer with water temperatures below 2 °C that formed in the eastern Bering Sea. This oceanographic feature of relatively cooler bottom temperature impacts zooplankton and forage fish dynamics, driving different energetic pathways dependent upon Sea climatic regime. Odontocetes echolocate to find prey, so tracking foraging vocalizations acoustically provides information understand implications climate change on variability influencing regional food web processes....

Detection and classification of cetacean vocalizations in acoustic datasets play critical roles understanding the impacts various human-made sound sources on cetaceans. Knowing migration route locations, feeding success rates, population densities can help reduce our their life functions aids conservation efforts for these mammals. However, due to amount data that needs be processed variance exists ocean noise, identification large marine mammals is challenging. The proposed method relies...

The “Combining global OBS and CTBTO recordings to estimate abundance density of fin blue whales”, or CORTADO project, is using data from two bottom-sensor types implement a suite methods for estimating whales. While previous studies have demonstrated the utility Ocean Bottom Seismometers (OBS) Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) hydroacoustic data, techniques not yet been developed point where they can be routinely applied by wider research community. primary goal provide set...

Vocal behavior can be an indicator of physiological state or genetic make-up, but has not been developed as a diagnostic tool in seabirds. Aptenodytes penguins lack external sexual dimorphism, the sexes have dimorphic courtship calls. We present case study which unique call structure emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) was associated with same-sex bonded pair. Typical males produce lower frequency calls proportionally more long bursts, while typical females slightly higher short bursts....

The ONR project “Application of an Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) detection and classification process to environments for Naval monitoring detection” created empirical variational mode decomposition analysis workflows detect cluster diverse underwater signals across four distinct datasets. Twenty-five call types from the Bering Chukchi Seas, Aeon’s North Atlantic sites, CTBTO hydroacoustic stations, Chambal River were detected clustered with varying levels success. final precision,...

In the summer of 2021, US Navy conducted a Full Ship Shock Trial (FSST) for USS Gerald R. Ford. This involved three large underwater explosions off coast Florida, USA. We collected acoustic recordings, using low-sensitivity recorders, Naval Undersea Warfare Center to validate their propagation models. also deployed SoundTraps on shallow moorings collect additional acoustical biologics data in hopes measuring any responses marine fauna explosions. The energy did not propagate up continental...

In 2018, the Ports, Humpbacks, y Sound Colombia (PHySIC) Project began to record soundscapes in Gulf of Tribugá, Northern Colombian Pacific, for first time. This was interest local conservation groups who were against building a megaport native mangrove habitat that provides livelihoods people Chocó. Five years later, no port has been built, documentaries about ecosystem have won awards, before-after/control-impact studies done on fish and humpback whale acoustic behavior, delphinid call...