Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is commonly used in children to allow recovery from ischemic injury or cardiac surgery, support the circulation case of end-stage cardiomyopathy, as bridge-to-bridge therapy and bridge transplantation well. It has achieved success providing for these kind patients with expected mortality due severe myocardial dysfunction. In this modern era, ECMO should be considered an important option cardiopulmonary failure refractory medical resuscitation. We...

Mechanical cardiac assistance for neonates, infants, children and adolescents may be accomplished with pulsatile ventricular assist devices (VAD) instead of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or centrifugal pumps. The Berlin Heart VAD consists extracorporeal, pneumatically driven blood pumps univentricular biventricular patients all age groups. are heparin-coated. stationary driving unit (IKUS) has the required enhanced compressor performance pediatric pump sizes. was used in a total number...

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in neonates and infants is associated with significant haemodilution when priming of the CPB circuit accomplished without transfusion homologous blood components. The degree and, thus, requirements for may be reduced miniaturized compromising patient safety.Between January 2002 October 2003, selected small were operated on using a nonhaemic prime extracorporeal circuit. volume could from 300 mL to 190 by dedicated neonatal console mast-mounted roller pump heads....

We describe our experience with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) using membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in children refractory cardiac arrest, and determine predictors for mortality. ECMO support was instituted on 42 children, median age 0.7 years (1 day–17.8 years), weight 7.05 (range 2.7–80) kg who suffered arrest (1992–2008). Patients were postcardiotomy (n=27), or had uncorrected congenital heart diseases (n=3), cardiomyopathy myocarditis (n=2), respiratory failure trauma...

Cardiac surgery on neonates for the correction of congenital heart defects is usually associated with transfusion packed red blood cells (PRBCs) into cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit. We hypothesised that such transfusions stored PRBCs directly arterial system may increase postoperative morbidity when compared to intravenous transfusion.In this retrospective cohort study, data from 122 consecutive who received in course corrective were analysed. Group assignment was according timing...

The development of modern techniques in extracorporeal circulation is the result combined efforts physiologists, physicians, and engineers. Early experimental work at end 19th century was accomplished by such as von Schröder, Frey, Gruber, well Jacobj. These scientists laid foundation for three different artificial oxygenation devices isolated animal organ perfusion. developed bubble, film, lung methods were later used first clinical cardiopulmonary bypass procedures humans. For continuous...

Performing cardiac surgery on pediatric Jehovah's Witness patients is a great challenge for the surgical team and especially perfusionist. Witnesses reject blood transfusions grounds of their literal interpretation passages Bible. In accordance with this belief, feel that it also forbidden to retransfuse autologous has been separated from own circulatory system. We report use cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during open-heart in three infants body weight 4.5 kg, 3.5 3.1 respectively, without...

Recommendations on the use of fresh red blood cells (RBCs) in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery are based limited information. Furthermore, RBC storage time cut-off units remains unknown.Data from 139 who underwent and received RBCs a single unit within 14 days were analyzed. To identify optimal for transfusion, multiple multivariate analyses aimed at different outcome parameters performed.26 stored ≤3 days, while 126 that 4-14 days. The latter group required more transfusions...

In paediatric cardiac surgery, body weight-adjusted miniaturized cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuits within a comprehensive blood-sparing approach can reduce transfusion requirements. Haemodilution resulting from mixing the patient's blood with CPB crystalloid solution may be reduced to extent that asanguineous priming becomes possible. Therefore, we adopted in our clinical routine. Our goal was report effects of on requirements, features associated and in-hospital morbidity.Data all...

Total circulatory arrest in deep hypothermia, which is used corrective surgery of complex cardiovascular malformations, has been said to cause brain injury. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) a new non-invasive method that potentially monitors changes cerebral oxygenation and tissue oxygen utilisation. The aim this experimental study rabbits was evaluate the change intravascular intracellular patterns during cooling, hypothermic rewarming using commercially available NIRS-cerebral...

The first roller pump was patented in 1855 by Porter and Bradley hand operated. A modification named "surgical pump", designed manufactured E. Allen 1887, intended for direct blood transfusion. Truax, who also distributed promoted the with one roller, developed double 1899. In following decades, several researchers, including Beck, Van Allen, Bayliss Müller as well Henry Jouvelet, refined apparatus recommended use of pumps transfusion other applications. After further modifications made...

In Brief Conflicting results have been reported with regard to the neuroprotective effects of steroid treatment cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA). We evaluated mode severity neuronal cell injury in neonatal piglets after prolonged DHCA possible effect systemic pretreatment (>6 h before surgery) large-dose methylprednisolone (MP). Nineteen (age, <10 days; weight, 2.1 ± 0.5 kg) were randomly assigned 2 groups: 7 animals pretreated MP (30 mg/kg) 24...

Performing safe cardiac surgery in neonates or infants whose parents are Jehovah's Witnesses is only possible a coordinated team approach. An unconditional prerequisite cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit with very low priming volume to minimize hemodilution. In the past decade, we have developed functional blood-sparing approach at our institution. The extracorporeal was miniaturized. This had be recently adapted, faced challenge associated switch high-volume crystalloid cardioplegia. A...

Abstract We currently perform open-heart procedures using bloodless priming of cardiopulmonary bypass circuits regardless a patient’s body weight. This study presents results this blood-saving approach in neonates and infants with weight up to 7 kg. It tests multivariate analysis factors that affect perioperative transfusion. A total 498 were carried out the period 2014–2016 analysed. Priming volume ranged from 73 ml for patients weighing 2.5 kg 110 those over 5 Transfusion threshold during...