ContentsForeword by William E. Cross, Jr. ixAcknowledgments xi Introduction 1Section I: Setting the Stage 1 Craft ing a Design to Yield Complete Story 9 2 Th e Semi-Structured Interview as Repertoire of Possibilities 45Section II: The Interview: Collecting and Analyzing Qualitative Data 3 Conducting Role Reciprocity Refl exivity 75 4 Ongoing Iterative Analysis 119Section III: Synthesizing Interpreting Research Findings 5 Building eory 149 6 Writing Up Speaking Back Literature 173 Aft erword:...

Adult Black identity change that took place within the context of recent sociopolitical movement is focus a literature review. The review summarizes two models depict various stages might be associated with psychological metamorphosis Americans and examines empirical studies have been conducted to test models. Although seem predict major changes in both self- concept reference group orientation converts, evidence suggests only converts was subject permanent modification.

At ice edges in the Canadian High Arctic, seabirds and marine mammals eat arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) to a lesser extent, zooplankton (calanoid copepods Parathemisto) ice-associated amphipods. Cod amphipods, other taxa (harpacticoid cyclopoid copepods), zooplankton. Calanoid copepods, Parathemisto, amphipods studied (Onisimus glacialis, Apherusa Gammarus wilkitzkü) all primarily diatom algae characteristic of under-ice flora. From this information, food web at edge is constructed.Key...

Validation work on the Cross Racial Identity Scale (CRIS; B. J. Vandiver et al., 2000) is described in 2 studies using African American college students. In Study 1, an exploratory factor analysis supported presence of 6 CRIS subscales. 2, confirmatory provided support for a 2-factor higher order model subscales and nigrescence model. Correlational analyses between Multidimensional Inventory Black (R. M. Sellers, A. Smith, N. Shelton, S. Rowley, & T. Chavous, 1998). convergent validity CRIS....

This article describes the theoretical and empirical evolution of revised Cross nigrescence identity model (W. E. Cross, 1991) in context developing a new multidimensional measure, Racial Identity Scale (Vandiver et al., 2000). The research resulted an expanded & B. J. Vandiver, 2001), preliminary factor analytic strategies support existence 6 subscales. Este artículo describe la evolución teoretica y empirica de el modelo indentidad creado revisado por W. (1991) en contexto creación una...

This article raises a number of critical questions for scale development and theorizing in the field Black racial identity. In particular, authors suggest that research on identity would benefit from longitudinal studies examination existence overarching constructs. Este artículo plantea varias preguntas críticas sobre el desarrollo de escalas y teorías en campo la Identidad Racial Negra. En lo los autores sugieren que investigaciones basadas Negra se beneficiarian con estudios...

This study examined whether racial identity attitudes moderate the relationship between racist stress events, appraisal, and mental health. One hundred eighteen African American 144 self-identified Caribbean women completed Cross Racial Identity Scale, Schedule of Racist Events, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that multicultural moderated appraisals depression, as well events depression. Compared with...

Many targeted interventions have been developed and tested with African Americans (AA); however, AAs are a highly heterogeneous group. One characteristic that varies across is Ethnic Identity (EI). Little research has conducted on how to incorporate EI into the design of health messages programs.We whether tailoring print-based fruit vegetable (F & V) intervention would enhance program impact. AA adults were recruited from two integrated healthcare delivery systems then randomized receive...

Distributions of nutrients, flora and fauna on the bottom ice in Pond Inlet during May-July 1979 were examined with respect to distance from landfast edge, but temporal variability local spatial confounded interpretation. Timing algal bloom was most delayed under fast where snow depth thickest negatively correlated chlorophyll a content ice. The occurred first at edge thickness least positively chlorophyll. Standing stocks microalgae each station dominated by pennate diatoms, especially...

The current study was guided by Nigrescence theory (Cross, 1971, 1991) and explored the phenomenon of racial awakening or epiphanic experiences Black adults. We were interested in describing context perceived outcomes epiphanies participants' understanding what it means to be Black.Sixty-four adults participated life narrative interviews. There an equivalent number men women who from 4 sites: Australia, Bermuda, South Africa, United States.Findings dimensional analysis highlight turning...

Although identity status theory has inspired over 500 theoretical and empirical publications, it is unclear to what extent this tradition incorporated non-White ethnic groups theories of racial development. We reviewed 57 articles published between 1993 2003 in 6 leading outlets for research found that (a) 35% failed report the composition sample, (b) 74% samples consisted primarily White participants. Given increasing diversity United States other Western countries, need be research,...

Behavioral scientists have theorized that perceived racism in social interactions may account for some of the observed disparities coronary heart disease between Black and White Americans.The objective was to examine whether racial stress influences cardiovascular reactivity, a risk factor disease.We measured responses women (n = 80) as they talked about 3 hypothetical scenarios: (a) being accused shoplifting (racial stressor), (b) experiencing airport delays (nonracial (c) giving campus...

In this theoretical analysis, we discuss the attributional and enactment approaches to identity present a new ethnic-racial model derived from extant theory research. We highlight modes of work that provide (1) self-concept self-esteem protection; (2) achievement success during everyday encounters; (3) sense belonging attachment one's ascriptive group; (4) relation between internalized oppression racism in exchanges. integration mechanisms with mindsets intentions specific dynamics. The...

The two studies in this article examine the interpretability and generalizability of nigrescence profiles based on Cross Racial Identity Scale scores across different educational contexts. Study 1 participants ( N = 333) came from a predominantly White institution (PWI) were grouped into six clusters labeled Afrocentric, multiculturalist, assimilated, immersion, low race salience, miseducated variant. samples 2 consisted students PWIs 314) historically Black colleges universities (HBCUs;...

Urie Bronfenbrenner (1992) helped developmental psychologists comprehend and define “context” as a rich, thick multidimensional construct. His ecological systems theory consists of five layers, within each layer are processes unique to layer. The four articles in this section limit the exploration context three innermost systems: individual plus micro‐ macrolayers. Rather than examine both physical features processes, tend focus solely on associated with niche. Processes explored include...

The reliability and validity of scores on the Big Five Inventory (BFI; O. P. John, E. M. Donahue, & R. L. Kentle, 1991) were examined in a sample 336 African American college students. Results indicated moderate structural for BFI scores. Additionally, subscales had few meaningful correlations with self‐esteem social desirability. La fiabilidad y la validez de los resultados del Inventario “Big Five” se examinan en una muestra estudiantes universitarios afro‐americanos. Los indican...