Pleiomorphic mouse sarcoma S180 cells were transfected with cDNAs for the liver cell adhesion molecule (L-CAM), neural (N-CAM), or both CAMs. Transfected expressed appropriate CAMs at their surface and those expressing L-CAM (S180L cells) changed from adjoining spindle round shapes to a closely linked "epithelioid" sheet when grown confluence. Cells cDNA N-CAM (S180N also this CAM on surfaces bound brain vesicles containing but showed no phenotypic change an epithelioid state. In S180L...

Civil infrastructure will be essential to face the interlinked existential threats of climate change and rising resource demands while ensuring a livable Anthropocene for all. However, conventional planning largely neglects ...

N-CAM, the neural cell-adhesion molecule, has previously been found to be expressed during several epochs of development and function, first as an early marker in embryo-genesis, later organogenesis, finally adult life. L-CAM, liver now localized embryonic tissues chicken by fluorescent antibody techniques. In epoch, L-CAM N-CAM appeared epiblastic hypoblastic tissues. was distributed thereafter across all three germ layers. By onset neurulation, however, disappeared region plate increased...

The staggering biodiversity of angiosperms has been difficult to reconcile with the gradual Darwinian process thought create it. Changes in climate through Earth’s history could have instigated this diversification, but perceived ...Although change implicated as a major catalyst its effects are be inconsistent and much less pervasive than localized or accumulation species time. Focused analyses highly speciose ...

The liver cell adhesion molecule (L-CAM) and N-cadherin or adherens junction-specific CAM (A-CAM) are structurally related surface glycoproteins that mediate calcium-dependent in different tissues. We have isolated characterized a full-length cDNA clone for chicken used this to transfect S180 mouse sarcoma cells do not normally express N-cadherin. transfected (S180cadN cells) expressed on their surfaces resembled with L-CAM (S180L at confluence they formed an epithelioid sheet displayed...

The accuracy of protein secondary structure prediction has steadily improved over the past 30 years. Now many methods routinely achieve an (Q3) about 75%. We believe this could be further by including (as opposed to sequence) database comparisons as part process. Indeed, given large size Protein Data Bank (>35,000 sequences), probability a newly identified sequence having structural homologue is actually quite high.We have developed method that performs structure-based alignments By mapping...

Mouse L cells, which do not express the known primary cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), were permanently transfected with vectors containing simian virus 40 early promoter and cDNA sequences encoding chicken liver CAM (L-CAM) or each of three major polypeptide forms neural (N-CAM). Transfected cells in culture expressing Ca2+-dependent L-CAM showed uniform surface expression molecule. Unlike untransfected these aggregated readily; aggregation was inhibited by Fab' fragments antibodies to but...

Neuropeptide-Y (NPY) has been recently cloned from a goldfish cDNA library. Using probe derived this clone, the distribution and regulation of NPY mRNA in brain were examined present study by situ hybridization, Northern blot analysis, ribonuclease protection assay. Frozen tissue sections pituitary hybridized with digoxigenin-labeled RNA probe. Hybridization signal was detected mainly fore-brain regions, particularly nucleus entopeduncularis ventral telencephalon, preoptic area (POA),...

We report here that unlike what was suggested for many vertebrate neurons, synaptic transmission in <i>Lymnaea stagnalis</i> occurs independent of a physical interaction between presynaptic calcium channels and functional complement SNARE proteins. Instead, <i>Lymnaea</i>requires the expression C-terminal splice variant the<i>Lymnaea</i> homolog to mammalian N- P/Q-type channels. show alternately spliced region physically interacts with scaffolding proteins Mint1 CASK, is abolished following...

The complete cDNA sequence for canine ZO-2, a tight junction-specific protein, is presented. A single open reading frame encodes polypeptide of 1,174 amino acids with predicted molecular mass 132,085 daltons. As noted previously (1), ZO-2 member the membrane associated guanylate kinase-containing (MAGUK) protein family, family which includes an additional junction-associated ZO-1. These proteins contain region homologous to kinase, SH3 domain, and variable numbers PSD-95/discs-large/ZO-1...

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) may act as regulators of morphogenesis by constraining cell motion, forming borders, and controlling intercellular communications that lead to embryonic induction. This postulated causal role CAMs in inductive events was tested here an vitro system feather In the developing chicken skin, ectodermal sheet epithelium interacts with mesodermal collectives form more or less circular germs arranged a hexagonal pattern. Cells epidermal are linked liver CAM (L-CAM)...

A linear model of the liver cell adhesion molecule L-CAM from embryonic chickens is proposed in terms its orientation on surface, number, type, and distribution carbohydrate moieties, sites phosphorylation. isolated membranes as a glycoprotein Mr = 124,000. soluble fragment (Ft1) 81,000 can be released cells by digestion with trypsin presence calcium. Radiochemical amino acid sequence analyses indicated that both polypeptides have same for first 10 acids, suggesting Ft1 contains terminus...

Among the numerous critical aspects of neural development, two key events stand out: (1) neurulation or formation tissue and (2) later detailed connectivity leading to specific neuroanatomy, maps, synaptic types. Underlying these other developmental are primary processes cell division, migration, adhesion, differentiation, death. To degree that depend on cell-cell interaction, adhesion lays a pivotal role in pattern morphogenesis. This is direct sense recognition, regulatory such recognition...

Enriched mRNA coding for the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) was prepared from 9-day embryonic chicken brains by immunoprecipitation of polysomes with antibodies to N-CAM. This programmed translation in vitro N-CAM polypeptide chains a rabbit reticulocyte lysate system. Two independent cDNA clones (designated pEC001 and pEC020) were derived enriched RNA. The specificity verified hybrid selection experiments. Both plasmids hybridized two discrete 6- 7-kilobase-long RNA species poly(A)+...

Biological data sets are increasingly becoming information-dense, making it effective to use a computer science-based analysis. We used convolution neural networks (CNN) and the specific CNN architecture Unet study sponge behavior over time. analyzed large time series of hourly high-resolution still images marine sponge, Suberites concinnus (Demospongiae, Suberitidae) captured between 2012 2015 using NEPTUNE seafloor cabled observatory, off west coast Vancouver Island, Canada. applied...

The cadherins are major mediators of calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion and also involved in cell signaling pathways during development. classical cadherins, which the definitive group cadherin superfamily, transmembrane proteins that consist an extracellular domain five repeats, including HAV tripeptide conserved one binding surface within first domain, a highly cytoplasmic interacts with actin cytoskeleton via catenin proteins. These play roles vertebrate morphogenesis; they expressed...

Genomic sequences immediately upstream of the translational start site for chicken liver cell adhesion molecule (L-CAM) gene contain a second closely related gene, which, because its location, we have designated K-CAM gene. Less than 700 base pairs separate presumed poly(A) in from translation initiation L-CAM. The sizes exons 4-15 are almost identical to those L-CAM and exon/intron junctions occur at exactly equivalent positions both genes. Exon 16, which includes 3' untranslated region, is...

Liver cell adhesion molecule (L-CAM) is a calcium-dependent found in very early vertebrate embryos and on liver other epithelial cells adults. To describe the genes coding for study its synthesis, we have cloned cDNA from poly(A)+ RNA of 10-day embryonic chicken using delta gt11 expression vector. One clone, lambda L301, has been characterized used analyses L-CAM mRNA genomic DNA. Clone L301 produced fusion protein that reacted strongly with polyclonal antibodies recognize (Mr 124,000) Mr...

Helisoma trivolvis has served as a model system to study the functions of serotonin (5-HT) from cellular, developmental, physiological and behavioural perspectives. To further explore at molecular level, provide experimental knockout tools for future studies, in this we identified receptor genes H. genome, characterized structure expression profile gene products. Degenerate oligonucleotide primers, based on conserved regions Lymnaea stagnalis 5-HT(1Lym) receptor, were used amplify G...

SUMMARY Ion channels establish and regulate membrane potentials in excitable non-excitable cells. How functional diversification of ion contributed to the evolution nervous systems may be understood by studying organisms at key positions animal multicellularity. We have carried out first analysis cloned from a marine sponge, Amphimedon queenslandica. Phylogenetic comparison sequences encoding for poriferan inward-rectifier K+ (Kir) suggests that Kir sponges, cnidarians triploblastic...

SUMMARY Embryos of the pond snail Helisoma trivolvis express three known subtypes ciliary cells on surface embryo early in development:pedal, dorsolateral and scattered single (SSCCs). The pedal are innervated by a pair serotonergic sensory-motor neurons responsible for generating earliest whole-animal behavior, rotation within egg capsule. Previous cell culture studies unidentified revealed that serotonin(5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) produces significant increase beat frequency (CBF) large...

The V oltage-gated K+C hannel D ata B ase (VKCDB) ( http://vkcdb.biology.ualberta.ca ) makes a comprehensive set of sequence data readily available for phylogenetic and comparative analysis. current update contains 2063 entries full-length or nearly unique channel sequences from Bacteria (477), Archaea (18) Eukaryotes (1568), an increase 346 solely eukaryotic in the original release. In addition to protein channels, corresponding nucleotide open reading frames amino acid are now can be...