The simultaneous multiple surface (SMS) method in 3-D geometry is presented. Given two orthotomic input ray bundles and another output bundles, the provides an optical system with free-form surfaces that deflects rays of into corresponding vice versa. In nonimaging applications, enables controlling light emitted by extended source much better than single free-form-surface designs, also optics contour to be shaped without efficiency losses. expected find applications imaging optics.

In order to achieve competitive system costs in mass-production, it is essential that CPV concentrators incorporate sufficient manufacturing tolerances. This paper presents an advanced concentrator optic comprising a Fresnel lens and refractive secondary element, both with broken rotational symmetry, producing the desired light concentration high tolerance (high acceptance angle) as well excellent homogenization by Köhler integration. compares conventional Fresnel-based concentrators.

The Concentrated Photovoltaics (CPV) promise relies upon the use of high-efficiency triple-junction solar cells (with proven efficiencies over 44%) and high-performance optics that allow for high concentration concurrent with relaxed manufacturing tolerances (all key elements low-cost mass production).Additionally, uniform illumination is highly desirable efficiency reliability reasons.All these features have to be achieved inexpensive containing only a few (in general no more than 2)...

By having a single optical element combine the light of several high luminance LEDs, source can be formed, with shape and emission characteristics adaptable to nearly all illumination problems. The illuminance distribution this virtual facilitates generation desired intensity pattern via its imaging-stye projection into far field. This is achieved by one refractive reflective freeform surface, both calculated simultaneously 3D SMS method, which herein demonstrated for an LED automotive headlamp.

In this work, we present a multifield direct design method for ultrashort throw ratio projection optics. The allows us to directly calculate two freeform mirror profiles, which are fitted by odd polynomials and imported into an optical program as excellent starting point. Afterward, these mirrors represented XY polynomial surfaces further optimization. final configuration consists of off-the-shelf lens greatly shorten the regular distance from 2 m 48 cm 78.3 inch diagonal screen. values...

The Simultaneous Multiple Surfaces design method (SMS), proprietary technology of Light Prescription Innovators (LPI), was developed in the early 1990's as a two dimensional method. first embodiments had either linear or rotational symmetry and found applications photovoltaic concentrators, illumination optics optical communications. SMS designed devices perform close to thermodynamic limit are compact simple; features that especially beneficial with today's high brightness LEDs. extended 3D...

Concentration photovoltaic (CPV) systems might produce quite uneven irradiance distributions (both on their level and spectral distribution) the solar cell. This effect can be even more evident when CPV system is slightly off-axis, since they are often designed to assure good uniformity only at normal incidence. The non-uniformities both in absolute content produced by systems, originate electrical losses multi-junction cells (MJSC). works focused integration of ray-tracing methods for...

Multi-chip and large size LEDs dominate the lighting market in developed countries these days. Nevertheless, a general optical design method to create prescribed intensity patterns for this type of extended sources does not exist. We present strategy which source target pattern are described by means "edge wavefronts" system. The goal is then finding an optic coupling wavefronts, current work monolithic part comprising up three freeform surfaces calculated with simultaneous multiple surface...

Most cost-effective concentrated photovoltaics (CPV) systems are based on an optical train comprising two stages, the first being a Fresnel lens. Among them, Fresnel-Köhler (FK) concentrator stands out owing to both performance and practical reasons. We describe experimental measurements procedure for FK modules. This includes three main types of measurements: electrical efficiency, acceptance angle, irradiance uniformity at solar cell plane. have collected here features different prototypes...

A new design method of free-form Kohler integrator array optics is presented. Only few solutions to the problem are known, which apply for specific and simple source targets (for instance, flat lenslet arrays when target squares located at infinity). The presented here find more general resulting formed by two optical surfaces (which can be either reflective refractive). contour curves units also obtained from design. Two types Kholer integrators will defined, depending if they integrate...

The Simultaneous Multiple Surface (SMS) method in 3D geometry is presented. Giving two orthotomic input ray bundles and other output bundles, the provides an optical system with free-form surfaces that deflects rays of into corresponding vice versa. In nonimaging applications, allows controlling light emitted by extended source much better than single designs, also enables optics contour to be shaped without efficiency losses. expected find applications imaging

Getting a lower energy cost has always been challenge for concentrated photovoltaic. The FK concentrator enhances the performance (efficiency, acceptance angle and manufacturing tolerances) of conventional CPV system based on Fresnel primary stage secondary lens, while keeping its simplicity potentially low‐cost manufacturing. At same time F‐XTP (Fresnel lens+reflective prism), at first glance better potential but significantly higher sensitivity to errors. This work presents comparison...

The optical design presented here has been done in order to achieve superior performance comparison with the state-of-the-art Fresnel CPV systems. consists of a Photovoltaic Concentrator (CPV) comprising lens (F) as Primary Optical Element (POE) and dielectric solid RXI Secondary (SOE), both free-form surfaces (i.e. neither rotational nor linearly symmetric). It is first time RXI-type geometry applied secondary. This concentrator ultra-high CAP value ready accommodate more efficient cells...

We present novel advanced optical designs with a dramatically smaller display to eye distance, excellent image quality and large field of view (FOV). This enables headsets be much more compact, typically occupying about fourth the volume conventional headset same FOV. The design strategy these optics is based on multichannel approach, which reduces distance from size itself. Unlike microlens arrays, are also devices, our use freeform surfaces produce imaging in entire view, even when...

The Simultaneous Multiple Surfaces of Nonimaging Optics has been used successfully in the past for synthesis concentrators two dimensions. In this paper we present a first approach to extend design method 3D geometry. As result, an aspheric lens without rotational symmetry that focus sharply plane wavefronts at points geometry is found, feature which cannot be obtained with axisymmetric optical system finite number surfaces.

The performance of the XR solar concentrator, using a high efficiency multi-junction cell developed recently by Spectrolab, is presented. concentrator an ultra-compact Nonimaging optical design composed primary mirror and secondary lens, which can perform close to thermodynamic limit concentration (maximum acceptance angle for given geometrical concentration). expected about ±2 deg 800x (a Fresnel lens system typically has ±0.6 300x This optimized improve irradiance distribution on keeping...

The Köhler illumination concept was originally invented to achieve uniform in microscopy¹. integrators can also be formed by arrays of lenticulations that any combination reflective and/or refractive surfaces, organized corresponding pairs. Arrays integrating facets arranged not only on flat surfaces but rotationally symmetric and even freeform surfaces⁶. Currently lenslet are widely applied as homogenizing optics² for lithography, machine vision...

Views Icon Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Search Site Citation P. Benítez, R. Mohedano, M. Buljan, J. C. Miñano, Y. Sun, W. Falicoff, Vilaplana, Chaves, G. Biot, López; Ultra‐High Efficiency, High‐Concentration PV System Based On Spectral Division Between GaInP/GaInAs/Ge And BPC Silicon Cells. AIP Conf. Proc. 1 December 2011; 1407 (1): 88–92....

A novel and advanced photovoltaic concentrator optic is presented comprising a Fresnel lens dielectric solid RXI as secondary optical element, both with free-form surfaces (i.e. neither rotational nor linear symmetry). The designed the Simultaneous Multiple Surface (SMS) design method of Nonimaging Optics. In optics rays undergo refraction (R), reflection (X) total internal (I), so SMS nomenclature [2] for device assigning letters to each surface that deflects rays. This first time RXI-type...

In present commercial Virtual Reality (VR) headsets the resolution perceived is still limited, since VR pixel density (typically 10-15 pixels/deg) well below what human eye can resolve (60 pixels/deg). We here novel advanced optical design approaches that dramatically increase of keeping large FoV required in applications. This approach be applied to a vast number architectures, including some configurations, as multichannel designs. All this done at stage, and no tracker needed headset.

The irradiance distribution on a concentration photovoltaic cell that produces maximum conversion efficiency has been found with the tools of Variational Calculus. analysis is two dimensional and can be applied to comb-like double busbar solar illuminated by line-focus concentrator. optimum is, in general, nonuniform, depends internal parameters cell: higher contribution grid global series resistance, lower uniformity distribution. In practical cases, for uniform illumination close optimum,...

In SSL general illumination, there is a clear trend to high flux packages with higher efficiency and CRI addressed the use of multiple color chips phosphors. However, such light sources require optics provide mixing, both in near-field far-field. This design problem specially challenging for collimated luminaries, which diffusers (which dramatically reduce brightness) cannot be applied without enlarging exit aperture too much. this work we present first injection molded prototypes novel...

We present a compact freeform optic, called "Freeform Shell-Mixer", which, when placed on top of multicolor light source (particularly, multi-chip LED), turns it into virtual in which colors are uniformly mixed. The compatible with injection molding, makes use étendue-conserving Köhler integration to provide homogeneous mixing light. Its minimal size (just 2x larger than the source) concept many luminaries, as ray tracing models show. Simulations indicate that Freeform Shell-Mixer can reach...

The XR-Köhler concentrator1 is a design that has the possibility to work under high concentration, maintaining acceptance angle and irradiance uniformity on solar cell. It an on-axis free-form consists of reflective (X) refractive (R) surface. For geometrical concentration about 800x simulated results show ±1.79deg with This article shows also novel passive cooling system (LPI patented) keeps cell operation temperature 100°C at extreme conditions (wind speed = 0 m/s, module tilt 45deg...