Genome reprogramming in early mouse embryos is associated with nuclear reorganization and particular features such as the peculiar distribution of centromeric pericentric heterochromatin during first developmental stage. This zygote-specific organization could be observed both maternal paternal pronuclei after natural fertilization well embryonic stem (ES) cell nuclei transfer suggesting that this type was essential for subsequent development.Here, we show remodeling into a zygotic-like also...

The oocyte is remarkable in its ability to remodel parental genomes following fertilization and reprogram somatic nuclei after nuclear transfer (NT). To characterise the patterns of histone H4 acetylation DNA methylation during development bovine gametogenesis embryogenesis, specific antibodies for acetylated at lysine 5 (K5), K8, K12 K16 residues methylated cytosine CpG dinucleotides were used. Oocytes sperm lacked staining acetylation, when was intense. In IVF zygotes, both pronuclei...

What are the effects of exposure ovarian tissue to dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation in vivo? DHEA stimulates initiation primordial follicles and development gonadotrophin-responsive preantral/early antral possibly mediated through promoting granulosa cell proliferation enhancing anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) expression. Ovarian ageing is a cause subfertility associated with poor outcomes IVF treatment premature menopause. A few clinical studies have shown that can improve...

Does cryoprotection of spermatozoa using a vitrification protocol with improved cryoprotective agents and novel device for large storage lead to better outcomes than conventional slow freezing? Vitrification human sperm sucrose dextran-based cryoprotectant (CPA4) new resulted in significantly motility progressive DNA integrity lower fragmentation compared freezing.A major limitation clinical implementation is the right balance between volume suspension cryopreserved standardised use CPAs...

Abstract In artificial insemination the use of sex-sorted bovine sperm results in reduced conception, causes which are only partly understood. Therefore, we set out to investigate effects sexing on function and early embryonic development. Computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) same bulls (n = 5), before after sexing, demonstrated significantly fast (A) slow (B) progressively motile (p < 0.05) sexing. Sexed-sperm also revealed less hyperactivated 0.05). As shown by time-lapse...

To assess the relationship between ethnicity of women and clinical success in vitro fertilisation (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment.

Objective To evaluate the effect of ethnicity women on outcome in vitro fertilisation ( IVF ) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection ICSI treatment. Design Observational cohort study. Setting UK National Database. Population Data from 2000 to 2010 involving 38 709 undergoing their first / cycle were analysed. Methods Anonymous data obtained Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority HFEA ), statutory regulator treatment . analysis was performed by regression with adjustment for age, cause...

Human sperm cryopreservation is characterised to this day by sub-optimal success rates. Interestingly, a traditional approach improving post-thaw outcome has been integrate standard preparation techniques into freezing protocols as means of selecting with the highest fertilisation potential prior insemination. However, no consensus reached yet regarding optimal timing (before or after freezing) selection step. Following analysis total 20 human semen samples, which were divided two aliquots...

Introduction Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) has been proposed to improve pregnancy rates in women with diminished ovarian reserve undergoing vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatment. However, evidence regarding its efficacy is supported by a limited number of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). This double-blinded RCT aims measure the effect DHEA supplementation prior and during hyperstimulation on response IVF treatment predicted have poor reserve. Methods analysis Sixty antral follicle count...

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is the injection of a donor nucleus into an enucleated egg. Despite use this technology for many years in research, it still quite inefficient. One causes thought to be incorrect or incomplete genome reprogramming. Embryos produced by (cloned embryos) very often present abnormal epigenetic signatures and irregular chromatin reorganization. Of these two issues, issue rearrangements within nuclei after least studied. It known that cloned embryos...

Abstract Since the development of ART, embryos have been cultured at 37 °C in an attempt to mimic vivo conditions and average body temperature adult. However, a gradient temperatures within reproductive tract has demonstrated humans several other mammalian species. Therefore, aim this study was evaluate effects variation treatments on mouse embryo quality through morphokinetic events, blastocyst morphology, relative gene expression Igf2, Bax, Bcl2 Apaf1 metabolomics individual culture media....

Abstract Purpose To study whether members of the miR-290-295 cluster in spent culture medium (SCM) embryos are correlated with morphokinetics and apoptosis. Methods Cryopreserved 1-cell stage mouse were cultured to blastocyst stage, development was monitored by time-lapse, 59 SCM collected, miR-291a miR-294 detected polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Blastocysts immuno-stained for sexing (H2AK119ub) apoptosis (TUNEL). Each embryo individually processed. Correlations run between miRNAs...

Summary Infertility affects around 15% of human couples and in many countries approximately 1–4% babies are born following Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART). Several ART techniques used these differentially affect the sex ratio offspring successfully produced. These direct effects on also have potential to influence, indirectly, ratios untreated couples. This is concern because bias may adversely public health. Here extent indirect that could operate, via Fisherian frequency-dependent...

The first lineage specification during mammalian embryo development can be visually distinguished at the blastocyst stage. Two cell lineages are observed on embryonic-abembryonic axis of blastocyst: inner mass and trophectoderm. timing mechanisms driving this process still not fully understood. In mouse embryos, cells seem prepatterned to become certain because cleavage plane has been related with further Nevertheless, possibility very debatable. Our objective was determine whether would...

The aim of this study was to determine whether a continuous visual analogue scale (VAS) is reliable tool grade embryo transfer (ET) difficulty when assessing IVF outcomes. No standardized grading system exists for reporting ET 'difficulty' which typically recorded in descriptive terms. Clinicians performing 188 fresh single ETs between November 2014 and May 2016 also VAS score (0–100). Embryo transfers were stratified into three levels 'difficulty': (A) 'easy' – no resistance; (B) 'medium'...