A model for the prediction of behavior from attitudinal components, developed by Triandis, was tested with samples U.S. and Mexican women, fertility relevant behaviors. The elements are etic, but operationalizations various variables were done emically. Results support in both cultures. While predictive utility is equivalent two cultures, there social class differences on which component most emphasized. upper‐middle‐class sample emphasized person's attitude toward act, while lower SES...

Abstract International travel contributes to the global spread of antimicrobial resistance. Travelers’ diarrhea exacerbates risk acquiring multidrug-resistant organisms and can lead persistent gastrointestinal disturbance post-travel. However, little is known about impact on travelers’ gut microbiomes, dynamics these changes throughout travel. Here, we assembled a cohort 159 international students visiting Andean city Cusco, Peru applied next-generation sequencing techniques 718...

Hymenolepis nana is the most common cestode infection in world. However, limited information available regarding its impact on affected populations. We studied epidemiology and symptoms associated with hymenolepiasis among children 3-16 years old 16 rural communities of highlands Cusco region Peru. Information demographics, socioeconomic status, as reported by parents, parasitological testing was obtained from database an ongoing Fasciola hepatica epidemiologic study. A total 1,230 were...

Stunting, defined as height-for-age Z score equal to or lower than -2, is associated with increased childhood mortality, cognitive impairment, and chronic diseases. The aim of the study was investigate relationship between linear growth, intestinal damage, systemic inflammation in infants at risk stunting. We followed up 78 aged 5-12 months living rural areas Peru for 6 months. Blood samples biomarkers damage (intestinal fatty-acid-binding protein [I-FABP] zonulin) (interleukin-1β,...

Hymenolepis nana is an emergent parasitosis, and the role of schools in infection transmission unclear. Data from a cross-sectional study evaluating children for H. three districts Anta province Peru were analyzed. Geospatial information children's residence school was obtained. A total 2,961 included 51 different schools. The median age 9.6 years old (interquartile range [IQR]: 6.8-12.4), 1,479 (50%) female, prevalence per 15% (IQR: 3.61-24.20). Regression analysis demonstrated that those...

Acute mountain sickness (AMS) may occur after rapid ascents to altitudes >2500 m. Cusco (3350 m) in Peru is a popular destination for altitude inexperienced travellers. This study aimed at evaluating the incidence and risk factors AMS among cohort of foreign Spanish language students Cusco.We performed young healthy arriving between 2012 2016. Consenting answered an enrollment questionnaire on demographics, travel history intended preventive behaviour within 48 h arrival. At 4-5 days...

AbstractLatin America is among the highly endemic regions for cystic echinococcosis (CE). In Peru, an estimated 1,139 disability-adjusted life years are lost annually from surgical treatment of CE. This comparable with combined total Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, and Chile. The prevalence human infection has been investigated in central Peruvian Andes, but there no community-based screening data other Peru. We carried out a population survey January 2015 using abdominal ultrasound to estimate...

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children who had chronic fascioliasis in the highlands Peru to determine triclabendazole treatment efficacy. Children passing Fasciola eggs stool were offered directly observed (>1 doses 10 mg/kg). Parasitologic cure was evaluated by using microscopy 1-4 months after each treatment. A total 146 participated study; 53% female, and mean ± SD age 10.4 3.1 years. After first treatment, 55% achieved parasitologic cure. Cure rates decreased second...

Fasciola hepatica is the most widely distributed trematode-affecting humans. The Andes Mountains are highly endemic for fascioliasis. We report results of a cross-sectional study evaluating epidemiology among children in 26 agricultural communities Cusco region Peru. Children 3 to 16 years old were enrolled preschools and schools. Blood from participants was tested complete blood counts, transaminases, antibodies. Stool samples other parasites. A total 2,515 included analysis mean age 9.6...

The sensitivity of the Kato-Katz test is suboptimal for evaluation intestinal helminth prevalence. Moreover, during mass deworming, as egg burden decreases, likely to decrease. Lumbreras rapid sedimentation (Lumbreras) a low-cost non-quantitative test, but may provide useful information in low areas. We compared prevalence infections assessed by and on 3 stool specimens from each 1083 children. sensitivities were using McNemar paired test. Using combined outcome different tests standard, had...

Fascioliasis is a zoonotic trematode infection that endemic in the highlands of Peru. Chronic fascioliasis can be asymptomatic and remain undiagnosed for years. malnutrition children, as manifested by stunting, leads to delayed cognitive development lost productivity. We hypothesized among factors associated with stunting children from areas. conducted cross-sectional study attending pre-school school 26 communities Anta province Cusco region interviews collect information on demographic,...

Strongyloides stercoralis affects 30–100 million people worldwide. The burden is underestimated because of the paucity studies, limited geographical areas surveyed, and poor quality diagnostic tests. This study aimed at determining epidemiology strongyloidiasis using sensitive microscopy testing in rural populations living different altitudes Cusco, Peru. Data were collected from subjects aged > 3 years Quellouno (elevation 2,600 ft) Limatambo 8,379 districts. Subjects provided one fresh...

ABSTRACT. Anemia is a complex condition associated with diet, chronic infections, and blood loss. Children living at high altitudes have higher absolute hemoglobin levels due to hypoxemia. However, they are exposed repeated infections dietary limitations. We conducted cross-sectional study identify factors affecting the concentration in children high-altitude rural communities Anta province of Peru. All 3–16 years age attending public schools were invited participate. enrolled old visited...

Strongyloidiasis is a neglected, soil-transmitted helminth infection prevalent worldwide. The true burden of strongyloidiasis unclear due to the lack sensitive, field-friendly diagnostic tests. PCR tests detect Strongyloides DNA in stool are sensitive and specific, but need for expensive equipment limits their use endemic regions. Isothermal amplification easier deploy while maintaining sensitivity specificity. We developed evaluated recombinase polymerase lateral flow assay (RPA-LFA)...

Fascioliasis is a zoonotic infection linked to significant economic losses in the livestock industry. Infection prevalence and estimated financial burden vary across locations owing different diagnostic tests used. The accuracy of liver condemnation estimate costs fascioliasis has seldom been evaluated. We performed pilot study determine Fasciola hepatica among cattle slaughtered at municipal abattoir Anta province Cusco highlands Peru. compared with bile microscopy for diagnosis prediction...

Fasciola hepatica is highly prevalent in the highlands of Peru. School-age children have greatest risk infection. Mass treatment at-risk populations has been proposed to control infection and prevent complications. However, decreasing effectiveness triclabendazole raises concerns regarding this strategy. Previous studies reported aggregation among family members. This study aimed determine fascioliasis household members living with Fasciola-infected identified through school-based testing....

Fasciola hepatica is a neglected parasitic infection with significant human health and livestock industry impact. The Andean Altiplano harbors an estimated 50% of the Fasciola’s world burden. There scarce data regarding spatial associations between different hosts. In this project, we aimed to determine geospatial relationships eggs passed in feces species risk among each household as unit. We used from cross-sectional study evaluating children for around households three districts Anta...

Fasciola hepatica has a complex lifecycle with multiple intermediate and definitive hosts influenced by environmental factors. The disease causes significant morbidity in children its prevalent worldwide. There is lack of data about distribution burden the endemic regions, owing to poor efficacy different diagnostic methods used. A novel PCR-based test was developed using portable mini-PCR® platform detect sp. DNA interpret results via fluorescence viewer smartphone image analyzer...

Peru has the highest incidence of human cystic echinococcosis (CE) in South America and most cases are reported Central Southern Peruvian Andes, including Cusco region. We reviewed medical records patients with CE admitted between 2010-2019 to a level 2 Hospital Sicuani, collect data on surgical management disease recurrence Canchis province Cusco. Records 115 were analyzed detail. The median age was 25 years (IQR, 16-46) 60% female. Most (68.7%) presented single liver cyst. Gharbi...

ABSTRACT. School-age children bear the highest burden of fascioliasis in endemic countries. Few studies have addressed Fasciola preschool children. We performed a secondary data analysis using two databases from Cusco, Peru, comparing preschoolers with elementary school included 2,630 children, 50% were female, median age was 8.4 years (interquartile range [IQR] 6.1–10.5), and 15% (396/2,630) < 5 age. Children less likely to be infected hepatica ( P = 0.008) Hymenolepis nana 0.001) more...