A5023570786- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning
- Writing and Handwriting Education
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Infection Control and Ventilation
- Discourse Analysis in Language Studies
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Reading and Literacy Development
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Aerosol Filtration and Electrostatic Precipitation
- Education Systems and Policy
- Second Language Learning and Teaching
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Literacy, Media, and Education
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Education and Critical Thinking Development
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Educational Methods and Media Use
Curtin University
2017-2023
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School
2010-2020
Neuropsychiatric Research Institute
2007-2020
Shropshire Council
2019
University of Bedfordshire
2012-2014
U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Chemical Biological Center
2004-2013
U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine
2004-2013
Massachusetts Academy of Math and Science
2011
University of Massachusetts Amherst
2009
Picker Institute Europe
2009
We have identified two additional members of the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)-related gene family. cDNA clones for one new gene, designated alpha 5, were isolated from rat hippocampus and PC12 cell line libraries. The 5 encodes a protein 48,800 daltons (424 amino acids) which exhibits significant overall acid sequence identity with previously cloned nAChR subunits 1 (49%), 2 (55%), 3 (52%), 4 (49%). Features characteristic other alpha-subunits are present such as...
Neurotransmitter receptors are generally clustered in the postsynaptic membrane. The mechanism of clustering was analyzed with fibroblast cell lines that were stably transfected four subunits for fetal (α, β, γ, δ) or adult ε, type mouse muscle nicotinic acetylcholine (AChRs). Immunofluorescent staining indicated AChRs dispersed on surface these cells. When transiently an expression construct encoding a 43-kilodalton protein is normally concentrated under membrane, expressed cells became...
Increased anxiety is a prominent withdrawal symptom in abstinent smokers, yet the neuroanatomical and molecular bases underlying it are unclear. Here we show that withdrawal-induced increases activity of neurons interpeduncular intermediate (IPI), subregion nucleus (IPN). IPI activation during nicotine was mediated by increased corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) receptor-1 expression signalling, which modulated glutamatergic input from medial habenula (MHb). Pharmacological blockade IPN...
Nicotine is reinforcing because it activates dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons within the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of brain9s mesocorticolimbic reward circuitry. This increase in activity can occur for a period several minutes up to an hour and thought be critical component nicotine dependence. However, concentrations that are routinely self-administered by smokers predicted desensitize high-affinity α4β2 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) seconds. Thus, how physiologically...
Recently, the smoking cessation therapeutic varenicline, a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) partial agonist, has been shown to reduce alcohol consumption. However, mechanism and nAChR subtype(s) involved are unknown. Here we demonstrate that varenicline exposure, either alone or in combination, selectively activates dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons within posterior, but not anterior, ventral tegmental area (VTA). To gain insight into which subtypes may be response alcohol, analyzed...
Ion channels modulate ion flux across cell membranes, activate signal transduction pathways, and influence cellular transport-vital biological functions that are inexorably linked to processes go awry during carcinogenesis. Indeed, deregulation of channel function has been implicated in cancer-related phenomena such as unrestrained proliferation apoptotic evasion. As the prototype for ligand-gated channels, nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have extensively studied context neuronal...
Paternal environmental conditions can influence phenotypes in future generations, but it is unclear whether offspring represent specific responses to particular aspects of the paternal exposure history, or a generic response ‘quality life’. Here, we establish effect model based on nicotine mice, enabling pharmacological interrogation specificity response. prior reproduction induced broad protective multiple xenobiotics male offspring. This manifested as increased survival following injection...
Abstract This study investigated the effect of high flow conditions on aerosol penetration and relationship between at constant cyclic conditions. National Institute for Occupational Safety Health (NIOSH)-approved N95 P100 filtering facepiece respirators cartridges were challenged with inert solid oil aerosols. A combination monodisperse size-specific measurement equipment allowed count-based particles nominal diameters ranging from 0.02 to 2.9 μm. Three (85, 270, 360 L/min) selected match...
Little is known about chromosomal loopings involving proximal promoter and distal enhancer elements regulating GABAergic gene expression, including changes in schizophrenia other psychiatric conditions linked to altered inhibition. Here, we map human chromosome 2q31 the 3D configuration of 200 kb linear sequence encompassing GAD1 GABA synthesis enzyme locus, describe a loop formation transcription start site intergenic noncoding DNA facilitating reporter expression. The GAD1-TSS(-50kbLoop)...
Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors play important roles in signal transduction within the nervous system. The exist a variety of functionally distinct subtypes that are determined by their subunit structures. subunits encoded 11 genes, alpha2-alpha9 and beta2-beta4. Three alpha3, alpha5, beta4, tightly clustered, proteins make up predominant receptor subtype peripheral tight linkage genes suggests there may be common regulatory mechanism underlying expression. However, although...
The neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene family consists of 11 members, α2–α9 and β2–β4. Three the genes, those encoding α3, α5, β4 subunits, are clustered tightly within genome. These three subunits constitute predominant subtype expressed in peripheral nervous system. genomic proximity genes suggests a regulatory mechanism ensuring their coordinate expression. However, it is likely that gene-specific mechanisms also functioning because expression patterns although similar, not...