A5079823530- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Semantic Web and Ontologies
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies
- Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Natural Language Processing Techniques
- Neuroscience and Music Perception
- Scientific Computing and Data Management
- Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Neuroscience, Education and Cognitive Function
- Data Quality and Management
- AI in cancer detection
- Reading and Literacy Development
- Mathematics Education and Teaching Techniques
Stanford University
2014-2025
Neurosciences Institute
2022-2025
Stanford Medicine
2024
Institute of Behavioral Sciences
2012-2015
Arista (United States)
2015
University of Missouri–Kansas City
2002-2004
Resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) studies constitute a growing proportion of brain publications. This approach detects temporal correlations in spontaneous blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal oscillations while subjects rest quietly the scanner. Although distinct resting-state networks related to vision, language, executive processing, and other sensory cognitive domains have been identified, considerable skepticism remains as whether maps...
Functional brain networks detected in task-free ("resting-state") functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have a small-world architecture that reflects robust organization of the brain. Here, we examined whether this is disrupted Alzheimer's disease (AD). Task-free fMRI data from 21 AD subjects and 18 age-matched controls were obtained. Wavelet analysis was applied to compute frequency-dependent correlation matrices. Correlation matrices thresholded create 90-node undirected-graphs...
The ontogeny of large-scale functional organization the human brain is not well understood. Here we use network analysis intrinsic connectivity to characterize networks in 23 children (ages 7-9 y) and 22 young-adults 19-22 y). Comparison properties, including path-length, clustering-coefficient, hierarchy, regional connectivity, revealed that although young-adults' brains have similar "small-world" at global level, they differ significantly hierarchical interregional connectivity. We found...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects 1 in 88 children and is characterized by a complex phenotype, including social, communicative, sensorimotor deficits. has been linked with atypical connectivity across multiple brain systems, yet the nature of these differences young not well understood.To examine large-scale networks determine whether specific can distinguish ASD from typically developing (TD) predict symptom severity ASD.Case-control study performed at Stanford University School...
Brain structural and functional development, throughout childhood into adulthood, underlies the maturation of increasingly sophisticated cognitive abilities. High-level attentional control processes rely on integrity of, dynamic interactions between, core neurocognitive networks. The right fronto-insular cortex (rFIC) is a critical component salience network (SN) that mediates between large-scale brain networks involved in externally oriented attention [central executive (CEN)] internally...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental affecting nearly 1 in 88 children, is thought to result from aberrant brain connectivity. Remarkably, there have been no systematic attempts characterize whole-brain connectivity children with ASD. Here, we use neuroimaging show that are more instances of greater functional the brains ASD comparison those typically developing children. Hyperconnectivity was observed at and subsystems levels, across long- short-range connections, associated...
The inferior parietal lobule (IPL) of the human brain is a heterogeneous region involved in visuospatial attention, memory, and mathematical cognition.Detailed description connectivity profiles subdivisions within IPL critical for accurate interpretation functional neuroimaging studies involving this region.We separately examined structural angular gyrus (AG) intraparietal sulcus (IPS) using probabilistic cytoarchitectonic maps.Regions-of-interest (ROIs) included anterior posterior AG...
One of the most fundamental features human brain is its ability to detect and attend salient goal-relevant events in a flexible manner. The salience network (SN), anchored anterior insula dorsal cingulate cortex, plays crucial role this process through rapid detection facilitation access appropriate cognitive resources. Here, we leverage subsecond resolution large multisession fMRI datasets from Human Connectome Project apply novel graph-theoretical techniques investigate dynamic...
Now, more than ever, the ability to acquire mathematical skills efficiently is critical for academic and professional success, yet little known about behavioral neural mechanisms that drive some children these faster others. Here we investigate predictors of individual differences in arithmetic skill acquisition response 8-wk one-to-one math tutoring. Twenty-four grade 3 (ages 8–9 y), a period basic skills, underwent structural resting-state functional MRI scans pretutoring. A significant...
Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) often show insensitivity to the human voice, a deficit that is thought play key role in communication deficits this population. The social motivation theory of ASD predicts impaired function reward and emotional systems impedes children from actively engaging speech. Here we explore by investigating distributed brain underlying voice perception ASD. Using resting-state functional MRI data acquired 20 19 age- intelligence quotient-matched...
Abstract Postmortem studies have revealed increased density of excitatory synapses in the brains individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a putative link to aberrant mTOR-dependent synaptic pruning. ASD is also characterized by atypical macroscale functional connectivity as measured resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI). These observations raise question whether excess causes ASD. Using rsfMRI, electrophysiology and silico modelling Tsc2 haploinsufficient mice, we show that spine associated...
Sex plays a crucial role in human brain development, aging, and the manifestation of psychiatric neurological disorders. However, our understanding sex differences functional organization their behavioral consequences has been hindered by inconsistent findings lack replication. Here, we address these challenges using spatiotemporal deep neural network (stDNN) model to uncover latent dynamics that distinguish male female brains. Our stDNN accurately differentiated brains, demonstrating...
Math anxiety is a negative emotional reaction that characterized by feelings of stress and in situations involving mathematical problem solving. High math-anxious individuals tend to avoid mathematics are less likely pursue science, technology, engineering, math-related careers than those with low math anxiety. during childhood, particular, has adverse long-term consequences for academic professional success. Identifying cognitive interventions brain mechanisms which can be ameliorated...
Abstract Competency with numbers is essential in today’s society; yet, up to 20% of children exhibit moderate severe mathematical learning disabilities (MLD). Behavioural intervention can be effective, but the neurobiological mechanisms underlying successful are unknown. Here we demonstrate that eight weeks 1:1 cognitive tutoring not only remediates poor performance MLD, also induces widespread changes brain activity. Neuroplasticity manifests as normalization aberrant functional responses a...
Cognitive skills undergo protracted developmental changes resulting in proficiencies that are a hallmark of human cognition. One skill develops over time is the ability to problem solve, which turn relies on cognitive control and attention abilities. Here we use novel multimodal neurocognitive network-based approach combining task-related fMRI, resting-state fMRI diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) investigate maturation processes underlying solving 7–9 year-old children. Our analysis focused two...
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are characterized by social impairments alongside cognitive and behavioral inflexibility. While deficits in ASDs have extensively been characterized, the neurobiological basis of inflexibility its relation to core clinical symptoms disorder unknown. We acquired functional neuroimaging data from 2 cohorts, each consisting 17 children with age- IQ-matched typically developing (TD) children, during stimulus-evoked brain states involving performance attention...
The human brain undergoes protracted development, with dramatic changes in expression and regulation of emotion from childhood to adulthood. amygdala is a structure that plays pivotal role emotion-related functions. Investigating developmental characteristics the associated functional circuits children important for understanding how processing matures developing brain. basolateral (BLA) centromedial (CMA) are two major amygdalar nuclei contribute distinct functions via their unique pattern...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is diagnosed much less often in females than males. Emerging behavioral accounts suggest that the clinical presentation of autism different and males, yet research examining sex differences core symptoms affected children has been limited. Additionally, to date, there have no systematic attempts characterize neuroanatomical underlying distinct profiles observed girls boys with ASD. This part because extant ASD studies included a small number girls. Leveraging...
Lack of interest in social interaction is a hallmark autism spectrum disorder. Animal studies have implicated the mesolimbic reward pathway driving and reinforcing behaviour, but little known about integrity this its behavioural consequences children with Here we test hypothesis that structural functional aberrant disorder, these aberrancies contribute to impairments. We examine connectivity two independent cohorts totalling 82 aged 7-13 years disorder age-, gender-, intelligence...