Violet/blue photoluminescence was observed from epitaxial cerium oxide films on silicon substrates. The were deposited (111) substrates under ultrahigh vacuum conditions using pulsed laser ablation of a target and treated by rapid thermal annealing in argon. High resolution transmission electron microscopy x-ray diffraction measurements indicated the formation single crystal phase Ce6O11 different CeO2 annealed films. emission might be due to charge transfer transitions 4f band valence oxide.

Prior magneto‐optical transmission models through ferrofluids are limited by oversimplifications which hinder accuracy and generalizability. To overcome this challenge, study the magnetic field effect on hematite ferrofluid using method of invariant embedding. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is used to extract changes in refractive index, enabling a discovery magnetodielectric for ferrofluid. establish basis control understanding, influence spatial profile at different wavelengths,...

The in-service monitoring of civil infrastructures is an important task required to achieve their smart operation. This requires the installation sensors continuously check and control structures' status in order fulfil demanded operating conditions avoid occurrence malfunctions. work presents investigation use multimode optical fiber detecting strain vibration infrastructures. sensor composed a single mode – concatenated structure. To explore its practical application for monitoring, used...

The measurement of vibrations is an important technique for the in-service evaluation and monitoring machines civil structures. For such measurement, optical fiber sensors are very promising candidates as fibers electromagnetic interference- hazard-free their use enables to be operated remotely with electronics electrical connections situated away from sensing sites, which a major advantage in many applications. In this work, multimode used monitor industrial sewing machine. based on...

The measurement of flow in fluidic channels is an essential task required for the proper operation devices many interesting applications. In this work, optical fiber sensor based on a single mode - multimode (SMS) structure used to measure millimeter-sized Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) channel. phenomena vortex shedding, where immersed section acts as obstructing strut. sensing principle assumes slight bending with resulting intensity variations light transmitted through sensor. To best our...

Multimode interference in optical waveguides has interesting self-imaging properties, which have extensively been investigated and utilized many integrated devices. Although these investigations started with most interest step-index waveguides, they later included graded-index where the dependence of images on refractive index grading was observed design optimization Later on, multimode also explored fibers order to realize fiber devices, including sensors. A basic structure devices Single...

An intensity-based optical fiber sensor using single-mode-multimode-single-mode sections concatenation is proposed and investigated for use as an intrusion detector. The composed with simple FC/PC connections between the sections. It found to be sensitive disturbances applied multimode section. transmission spectra of device under different conditions are measured its operation detector demonstrated a single-mode laser source. More than 1 dB variation in detected power level was observed at...

Multimode Interference (MMI) has been extensively investigated and utilized in integrated optical devices for both the communication sensor industries. It later explored fibers to realize fiber devices, including sensors. This paper reports on investigation of simple sensors based MMI phenomenon self-imaging with possible use as bending intrusion detectors. The are composed Single mode ' (SMS) section concatenations. leads formation a self-image single excitation onto output through...

One of the most important core technologies in development optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) local area networks is encoder/decoder embodiment technology which codes information to fixed patterns at transmitting side and decodes receiving side. The selection optimized encoding method for network composition necessary accommodate a maximum number subscribers that have simultaneous over bandwidth subscriber services available on it. When composing this optically, passive elements...

In optical lithography light diffracted from the mask has been customary assumed to have constant amplitude with angle of incidence illuminating mask. This approximation, known as scattering coefficient successfully used at small NA. As NA increases unity and beyond, cope continuous demand for shrinking integrated circuits device dimensions densities, validity this approximation becomes questionable. paper, we study field variation using physical theory diffraction. An asymptotic like...

Photonic MEMS interferometers are proving to be strong candidates for compact miniaturized spectrometers. In this work, a 2 mm x MEMS-based Michelson interferometer, composed of thin beam splitter, one fixed mirror, and moving is designed analyzed using Fourier optics propagation techniques partial coherent source excitation. The model takes into consideration light divergence effects truncation due the limited dimensions device mirrors splitter. elementary used represent partially that...

Optical sensing is an emerging field that may replace electronic sensing, in the same way has replaced traditional mechanical sensing. In this project we explore methods of optical utilizing fiber technology to develop a refractive index sensor can be benefit many applications. The proposed single mode-multimode-single mode structure, with coreless multimode section sandwiched in-between two leads. surrounding medium acts as cladding whose sensed by monitoring power transmitted through...

Abstract Optical field enhancement maximization has been the ultimate objective of applications covering random lasers, spectroscopy, and ‐importantly‐ targeted drug delivery. Consequently, scientists resorted to plasmonic based approaches, which rendered entire approach inapplicable due biodegradability concerns. In another work, an experimental realization for a method magneto‐optical transmission is reported. However, possible limitations on higher excitation power needed biomedical are...

Multimode interference has been used in many integrated and fiber-optic devices, including sensors. A basic structure proposed for sensing using this phenomenon is the Single mode-Multimode-Single mode (SMS) fiber section concatenation, where multimode leads to formation of a self-image single excitation onto output core. The perturbation modal by changing measurand provides basis sensing. This paper reports on an investigation bending characteristics these structures their possible use as...

Strain measurements on pipelines provide a nondestructive means to evaluate their in-service conditions. They have been proposed detect abnormal operating pressures, pipe wall problems, or intrusive pipeline events. For such applications, optical fiber sensors are especially appealing because of hazard and electromagnetic interference-free nature. In this work, two different types compared for use monitor the hoop strain pressurized pipe, well-developed Bragg grating (FBG) sensor simple...

Multimode interference (MMI) couplers are important integrated optical components for the signal processing and routing. The realization of these by ion exchange on glass substrates is particularly attractive low cost integration. design analysis MMI devices have generally been based self imaging principle in step-index waveguides, whereas waveguides fabricated practically graded-index due to nature thermal diffusion exchanged ions. In addition, process results a guide with depth that...