Several published checklists of bat species have covered Peninsular Malaysia as part a broader region and/or in combination with other mammal groups. Other researchers produced comprehensive for specific localities within the peninsula. To our knowledge, checklist bats specifically entire geopolitical has never been published, yet knowing which are present and their distributions across crucial developing suitable conservation plans. Our literature search revealed that 110 documented...

Up to three nominal species of the cyprinid fish genus Poropuntius (i.e. P. deauratus [Valenciennes in Cuvier Valenciennes 1842], normani [Smith 1931], and smedleyi [de Beaufort 1933]) have been reported occur Peninsular Malaysian freshwater ecosystems. However, low morphological differentiation among causes confusion it is still unknown how many valid this region. The goal study review taxonomic status Malaysia by using molecular characters. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on a...

As a result of the emergence two-dimensional (2D) materials for various opto-electronics applications, new class named MXenes have been attracting interests due to their outstanding nonlinear properties. In this work, an MXene niobium carbide (Nb2C) was proposed and demonstrated as saturable absorber induce mode-locking in thulium- thulium/holmium-doped fiber lasers. The Nb2C solution first prepared using liquid exfoliation technique, then deposited onto microfiber integration into laser...

<title>Abstract</title> Background This study examines the nesting and foraging ecology of Asian Openbill (<italic>Anastomus oscitans</italic>) in Perak, Malaysia, focusing on Pulau Bangau nearby rice fields. Bangau, located within Perak River, emerged as an ideal site due to its isolation, availability large trees such berembang or <italic>Sonneratia caseolaris</italic>, proximity extensive fields serving primary grounds. Methods Fieldwork conducted from September 2022 February 2023...

Multiple sources of evidence show that the skuas (Aves: Stercorariidae) are a monophyletic group, closely related to gulls (Laridae). On morphological and behavioural Stercorariidae divided into two widely divergent genera, Catharacta Stercorarius, consistent with observed levels nuclear mitochondrial gene divergence. large–bodied one exception breed in Southern Hemisphere. Stercorarius (Otherwise known as jaegers) smaller bodied exclusively Northern Evidence from both genomes ectoparasitic...

Abstract Perspicuous assessments of taxonomic boundaries and discovery cryptic taxa are paramount importance in interpreting ecological evolutionary phenomena among black flies (Simuliidae) combating associated vector-borne diseases. Simulium tani Takaoka &amp; Davies is the largest perhaps most taxonomically challenging species complex Oriental Region. We use a DNA sequence-based method to delineate currently recognized chromosomal morphological S. on Southeast Asian mainland Taiwan, while...

A study was conducted to investigate the relationship between physical morphology of shorebirds and water birds (i.e., Lesser adjutant ( Leptoptilos javanicus ), Common redshank Tringa totanus Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus Little heron Butorides striata )) their foraging behavior in mudflats area Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia, from August 2013 July 2014 by using direct observation techniques (using binoculars a video recorder). The actively bird species were watched, activities recorded for at...

MXenes have recently gained significant research interest due to its graphene-like structure that allows for a multitude of applications such as electronics, batteries and optics be realized.In this work, stable Q-switched pulses are passively obtained from thulium-doped fiber laser using an MXene Ti(3)C( 2)T(X)coated microfiber saturable absorber (SA).The generated center lasing wavelength 1976 nm with pulse repetition rate width ranging between 16 kHz 59 13 mu s 2.4 respectively.The can...

Seagrass is a valuable marine ecosystem engineer. However, seagrass population declining worldwide. The lack of research in Malaysia raises questions about the status seagrasses country. Lawas, which part coral‐mangrove‐seagrass complex, have never been studied detail. In this study, we examine whether monthly changes Lawas occurred. Data on estimates percentage cover and water physicochemical parameters (pH, turbidity, salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen) were measured at 84 sampling...

Background Intense landscaping often alters the plant composition in urban areas. Knowing which species that pollinators are visiting areas is necessary for understanding how impacts biodiversity and associated ecosystem services. The cave nectar bat, Eonycteris spelaea , an important pollinator many plants recorded human-dominated habitats. Previous studies of diet E. relied on morphological identification pollen grains found faeces body bats by necessity disregarded other forms digested...

Zoonotic infections with Onchocerca species are uncommon, and to date only 25 clinical cases have been reported worldwide. In Japan, five previous zoonotic were concentrated in Oita, Kyushu (the southern island), one case Hiroshima the western part of Honshu main island). The causative agent Japan was identified as dewittei japonica Uni, Bain & Takaoka, 2001 from Japanese wild boars (Sus scrofa leucomystax Temminck, 1842). Here we report two caused by a female male O. japonica, respectively,...

Tropical rainforests are considered as hotspots for bird diversity, yet little is known about the system that upholds coexistence of species. Differences in body size associated with foraging strategies and spatial distribution believed to promote closely related species by reducing competition. However, fact many babbler do not differ significantly their morphology has challenged this view. We studied ecology nine sympatric (i.e., Pellorneum capistratum, P. bicolor, malaccense, Malacopteron...

A comparative study of understorey birds inhabiting different habitats, that is, virgin jungle reserve (VJR) and regenerated forest (RF), was conducted in Ulu Gombak Forest Reserve Selangor Triang Reserve, Negeri Sembilan, Peninsular Malaysia. The objective this to assess the diversity both habitats effects regeneration on bird community. mist‐netting method used capture locations. Species composition feeding guild indicated populations were similar two habitats. However, number secondary...

Aerial leaf litter is a vital resource for insectivorous birds in tropical forests, particularly those that rely on dietary litter-dependent arthropods. The present study quantified and determined aerial-leaf selection patterns of specialist regular dead-leaf users. In total, 486 observation sessions were conducted lowland forest from February 2014 to September 2015. At least two 'specialist' species (over 75% the observations) seven 'regular users' (25–74% found foraging arthropods among...

In this work, mode-locked thulium-doped fiber lasers operating in the 2 µm wavelength region were demonstrated using tantalum aluminum carbide (Ta2AlC)-based saturable absorbers (SAs) utilizing evanescent wave interaction. The Ta2AlC MAX Phase was prepared by dissolving powder isopropyl alcohol and then deposited onto three different field-based devices, which tapered fiber, side-polished arc-shaped fiber. Flame-brushing wheel-polishing techniques used to fabricate fibers, respectively,...

Bats are important flagship species for biodiversity research; however, diversity in Southeast Asia is considerably underestimated the current checklists and field guides. Incorporation of DNA barcoding into surveys has revealed numerous species-level taxa overlooked by conventional methods. Inclusion these inventories provides a more informative record diversity, but problematic as lack formal description. We investigated how frequently documented, undescribed, bat encountered Peninsular...

Recent experiences have shown that one of the main causes heavy vehicle crashes is braking performance. In particular, when having to decelerate in an emergency situation, such as unexpected object road. Thus, capability a come safe stop most important factors preventing more accidents. Safe distance influenced by many factors, brake pedal force, vehicle’s loading conditions, travel speed and road surface conditions. The aim this study was analyse effect driver’s force on during allowed for...

The coexistence of numerous species within a community results from how those use available resources. Babblers are one the major groups Malaysian insectivorous birds, which frequently forage in dense vegetation cover and have high level sympatry. Therefore, examining diet, prey selection, niche segregation babblers can be challenging. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing to investigate potential dietary overlap or among 10 babbler 4 genera family Pellorneidae Timaliidae:...