Understanding others is fundamental to interpersonal coordination and successful cooperation. One mechanism posited underlie both effective communication behavioral neural synchrony. Although presumably foundational for children's social development, research on synchrony in naturalistic caregiver-child interactions lacking. Using dual-functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), we examined the effects of interaction quality during a problem-solving task 42 dyads mothers their preschool...

Conversations are an essential form of communication in daily family life. Specific patterns caregiver-child conversations have been linked to children's socio-cognitive development and child-relationship quality beyond the immediate environment. Recently, interpersonal neural synchronization has proposed as a mechanism supporting conversation. Here, we present functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning study looking at temporal dynamics synchrony during mother-child...

Social interactions are essential for understanding others' actions and their mental affective states. Specifically, interpersonal coordination - also referred to as synchrony allows actors adjust behaviors one another thus demonstrate connectedness each other. Much behavioral research has demonstrated the primacy of mutually synchronized social exchanges in early development. Additionally, new methodological advances now allow us examine not only at physiological but neural level....

Caregiver touch plays a vital role in infants' growth and development, but its as communicative signal human parent-infant interactions is surprisingly poorly understood. Here, we assessed whether proximity caregiver-infant dyads are related to neural physiological synchrony. We simultaneously measured brain activity respiratory sinus arrhythmia of 4-6-month-old infants their mothers (N=69 dyads) distal proximal joint watching conditions well an interactive face-to-face condition. Neural...

Interpersonal neural synchrony (INS) has been previously evidenced in mother-child interactions, yet findings concerning father-child interaction are wanting. The current experiment examined whether fathers and their 5- to 6-year-old children (N = 66) synchronize brain activity during a naturalistic interaction, addressed paternal child factors related INS. Compared individual problem solving rest, dyads showed increased INS bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex left temporo-parietal...

The use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning during naturalistic interactions in parent–child dyads has substantially advanced our understanding the neurobiological underpinnings human social interaction. However, despite rise developmental studies over last years, analysis procedures have not yet been standardized and are often individually developed by each research team. This article offers a guide on fNIRS data MATLAB R. We provide an example dataset 20 assessed...

Even before infants utter their first words, they engage in highly coordinated vocal exchanges with caregivers. During these so-called proto-conversations, caregiver–infant dyads use a presumably universal communication structure—turn-taking, which has been linked to favourable developmental outcomes. However, little is known about potential mechanisms involved early turn-taking. Previous research pointed interpersonal synchronization of brain activity between adults and preschool-aged...

Abstract It is a central tenet of attachment theory that individual differences in representations organize behavior during social interactions. Secure also facilitate behavioral synchrony, key component adaptive parent–child Yet, the dynamic neural processes underlying these interactions and potential role remain largely unknown. A growing body research indicates interpersonal synchrony (INS) could be neurobiological correlate high interaction relationship quality. In this study, we...

Abstract The ability to anticipate rhythmic and melodic structures in music is considered a fundamental human trait, present across all cultures predating linguistic comprehension development. Yet, it remains unclear the extent which this already developed at birth. Here, we used temporal response functions assess neural encoding newborns (N = 49) exposed classical monophonic musical pieces (real condition) control stimuli with shuffled tones inter-onset intervals (shuffled condition). We...

Playful activities provide critical opportunities for rhythmic interactions, which may affect social and cognitive development in early childhood. Prior research suggests that motor synchrony promotes closeness prosocial behaviour, but few studies have examined its role learning. This study investigated whether synchrony, through a clapping game, enhances preschoolers' with others, imitation, over-imitation, prosociality. We hypothesized children would feel closer, imitate more, share more...

Real-world social cognition requires processing and adapting to multiple dynamic information streams. Interpreting neural activity in such ecological conditions remains a key challenge for neuroscience. This study leverages advancements de-noising techniques multivariate modeling extract interpretable EEG signals from pairs of participants (male-male, female-female, male-female) engaged spontaneous dyadic dance. Using temporal response functions (mTRFs), we investigated how music acoustics,...

Infant-directed singing has unique acoustic characteristics that may allow even very young infants to respond the rhythms carried through caregiver's voice. The goal of this study was examine neural and movement responses live dynamic maternal in 7-month-old their relation linguistic development. In total, 60 mother-infant dyads were observed during two conditions (playsong lullaby). Study 1 (n = 30), we measured infant EEG used an encoding approach utilizing ridge regressions measure...

Abstract Real-world social cognition requires processing and adapting to multiple dynamic information streams. Interpreting neural activity in such ecological conditions remains a key challenge for neuroscience. This study leverages advancements de-noising techniques multivariate modeling extract interpretable EEG signals from pairs of participants engaged spontaneous dyadic dance. Using temporal response functions (mTRFs), we investigated how music acoustics, self-generated kinematics,...

Abstract Progesterone (P4) exerts robust cytoprotection in brain slice cultures (containing both neurons and glia), yet such protection is not as evident neuron-enriched cultures, suggesting that glia may play an indispensable role P4's neuroprotection. We previously reported a membrane-associated P4 receptor, receptor membrane component 1, mediates P4-induced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) release from glia. Here, we sought to determine whether are required for neuroprotection...

Significance Pgrmc1 plays an important role in mediating progesterone’s protective effects that it is a critical mediator of progesterone-induced BDNF release. Here, we identified the microRNA let-7i , which increased stroke, as negative regulator and expression. Conversely, inhibition enhanced against stroke. In addition to enhancing neuroprotective effects, fact also diminishes expression suggests may be useful any intervention targets enhancement signaling and, such, relevant treatment...

Abstract Infant-directed singing has unique acoustic characteristics that may allow even very young infants to respond the rhythms carried through caregiver’s voice. The goal of this study was examine neural and movement responses live dynamic maternal in 7-month-old their relation linguistic development. In total, 60 mother-infant dyads were observed during two conditions (playsong lullaby). Study 1 ( n = 30), we measured infant EEG used an encoding approach utilizing ridge regressions...

It is a central tenet of attachment theory that individual differences in representations organize behavior during social interactions. Secure also facilitate behavioral synchrony, key component adaptive parent-child Yet, the dynamic neural processes underlying these interactions and potential role remain largely unknown. A growing body research indicates interpersonal synchrony (INS) could be neurobiological correlate high interaction relationship quality. In this study, we examined whether...

Abstract The present study examined the role of interpersonal synchrony between mothers and their 4‐month‐old infants ( N = 40) in infant responses to a modified interaction where continually looked verbalised towards but did not engage with children. During natural we observed behavioural for subsample n 20) measured change salivary oxytocin from before after interaction. gaze, positive, negative affect. We found that higher was related longer infants’ social gaze shorter displays affect...

Interoception, the perception of internal bodily signals such as heartbeat or respiration, is suggested to play an important role in early development. Infants are still developing ability regulate themselves and their processes, which proposed evolve interaction with primary caregiver. However, it unclear whether infant caregiver interoception development related what reflective functioning might shaping interoceptive Here, we provide empirical evidence on relationship between maternal...

Abstract As members of a social species, we spend most our time interacting with others. In interactions, tend to mutually align behavior and brain responses communicate more effectively. semi-computerized version the Rock-Paper-Scissors game, investigated whether people show enhanced interpersonal neural synchronization when making explicit predictions about others’ actions. Across four experimental conditions, measured dynamic activity using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)...

While interpersonal synchrony is regarded as a defining characteristic of early social exchanges between infants and their caregivers, the mechanisms facilitating synchronous interactions are poorly understood. The goal present study was to examine relationship maternal playful singing mother-infant dyad. Overall, 56 mothers 4-month-old were observed during natural that then micro-coded for infant behaviours well rhyming in context game routines. Results showed 38 dyads spontaneously engaged...

Interpersonal neural synchrony (INS) has been previously evidenced in mother-child interactions, yet findings concerning father-child interaction are wanting. The current experiment examined whether fathers and their 5- to 6-year-old children (N=66) synchronize brain activity during a naturalistic interaction, addressed paternal child factors related INS. Compared individual problem-solving rest, dyads showed increased INS bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex left temporo-parietal...