A5020877559- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Magnetic Field Sensors Techniques
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- GNSS positioning and interference
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Inertial Sensor and Navigation
- Geophysics and Sensor Technology
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods
- Magnetic properties of thin films
- Magnetic Properties and Applications
- Dust and Plasma Wave Phenomena
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
Southwest Research Institute
2016-2025
The University of Texas at San Antonio
1978-2025
Institute of Space and Astronautical Science
2023-2024
Swedish Institute of Space Physics
2020-2023
Chinese Academy of Sciences
2023
Austrian Academy of Sciences
2018-2023
University of Science and Technology of China
2023
South Central Minzu University
2023
Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
2001-2023
Scotch Whisky Research Institute
2023
Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS), a NASA four-spacecraft constellation mission launched on March 12, 2015, will investigate magnetic reconnection in the boundary regions of Earth’s magnetosphere, particularly along its dayside with solar wind and neutral sheet tail. The most important goal MMS is to conduct definitive experiment determine what causes field lines reconnect collisionless plasma. significance results extend far beyond magnetosphere because known occur interplanetary space corona...
The Fast Plasma Investigation (FPI) was developed for flight on the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission to measure differential directional flux of magnetospheric electrons and ions with unprecedented time resolution resolve kinetic-scale plasma dynamics. This increased has been accomplished by placing four dual 180-degree top hat spectrometers around periphery each MMS spacecraft. Using electrostatic field-of-view deflection, eight species together provide 4pi-sr with, at worst,...
Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental physical process in plasmas whereby stored magnetic energy converted into heat and kinetic of charged particles. Reconnection occurs many astrophysical plasma environments laboratory plasmas. Using measurements with very high time resolution, NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission has found direct evidence for electron demagnetization acceleration at sites along the sunward boundary Earth's magnetosphere where interplanetary field reconnects...
This paper extends to all interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) orientations the qualitative convection pattern presented by Burch et al. (this issue), containing viscous, merging, and lobe cells driven, respectively, diffusion or other quasi‐viscous processes, merging of fields with closed dayside lines, open tail lines. The model is based on antiparallel hypothesis Crooker (1979a) addition small but finite driven processes dawn dusk edges polar cap. data pertained southward IMF conditions....
Two mechanisms have been proposed for solar wind particle injection at the dayside magnetospheric cusps: magnetic merging and cross-field diffusion. These two are experimentally distinguishable in that they produce different latitudinal distributions of particles penetrating to low-altitude cusp. An examination proton electron measurements obtained by AE-C satellite cusp reveals evidence both types processes. A majority events, especially more intense fluxes, best explained a model which...
This paper describes the science motivation, measurement objectives, performance requirements, detailed design, approach and implementation, calibration of four Hot Plasma Composition Analyzers (HPCA) for Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. The HPCA is based entirely on electrostatic optics combining an energy analyzer with a carbon-foil time-of-flight analyzer. In order to fulfill mission incorporates three unique technologies that give it very wide dynamic range capabilities essential...
Abstract The goal of NASA’s Europa Clipper mission is to assess the habitability Jupiter’s moon Europa. After entering Jupiter orbit in 2030, flight system will collect science data while flying past 49 times at typical closest approach distances 25–100 km. mission’s objectives are investigate Europa’s interior (ice shell and ocean), composition, geology; also search for characterize any current activity including possible plumes. be accomplished with a payload consisting remote sensing...
Abstract The MAss Spectrometer for Planetary EXploration (MASPEX) is a high-mass-resolution, high-sensitivity, multi-bounce time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MBTOF) capable of measuring minor species with abundances sub-parts-per-million in Europa’s sputter-produced and radiolytically modified exosphere its oceanic plumes. goal the MASPEX-Europa investigation to determine, through in-situ measurement plume composition, whether conditions habitability exist or have existed on Europa. As...
Chorus waves are some of the strongest electromagnetic emissions naturally occurring in space and can cause radiation that is hazardous to humans satellites1–3. Although chorus have attracted extreme interest been intensively studied for decades4–7, their generation evolution remain highly debated7. Here, contrast conventional expectation governed by planetary magnetic dipolar fields5,7, we report observations repetitive, rising-tone terrestrial neutral sheet, where effects dipole absent....
During Cassini's initial orbit, we observed a dynamic magnetosphere composed primarily of complex mixture water-derived atomic and molecular ions. We have identified four distinct regions characterized by differences in both bulk plasma properties ion composition. Protons are the dominant species outside about 9 RS (where is radial distance from center Saturn), whereas inside, consists corotating comet-like mix ions with approximately 3% N+. Over A B rings, found an ionosphere which O2+ O+...
Preliminary examination of the first global auroral images gained with vacuum‐ultraviolet imaging photometer on board DE 1 reveals a remarkable spatial configuration luminosities. Frequently northern oval is bifurcated by sun‐aligned arc extending from midday zone to nighttime sector oval. Simultaneous plasma measurements low‐altitude DE‐2 spacecraft are used show that character plasmas above polar similar those found over poleward zones The distribution luminosities suggestive two‐cell...
The theta aurora is a remarkable configuration of auroral and polar cap luminosities for which generally sun‐aligned transpolar arc extends contiguously from the dayside to nightside sectors oval. Four individual occurrences over earth's northern hemisphere are examined in detail with global imaging instrumentation on board high‐altitude, polar‐orbiting spacecraft DE 1. Simultaneous measurements fields plasmas this high‐altitude its low‐altitude, companion, 2, order establish an overview...
Plasma wave and plasma measurements from the Dynamics Explorer 1 (DE 1) spacecraft are used to investigate an intense broadband spectrum of low‐frequency, < 100 Hz, electric magnetic noise observed at low altitudes over auroral zones. This is detected by DE on essentially every low‐altitude pass zone occurs in regions low‐energy, ev 10 keV, electron precipitation field‐aligned currents. The field randomly polarized a plane perpendicular static field. Correlation between fields show that...
Plasma, magnetic‐field and dc electric‐field observations from Dynamics Explorers 1 2 are used to investigate the morphology of solar‐wind ion injection, Birkeland currents, plasma convection in morning sector for both positive negative interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) B y components. The results study construct a ‐dependent global model southward IMF. A significant element is coexistence three types cells (“merging cells,” “viscous “lobe cells”). This can account nearly stationary (in...
The Dynamics Explorer (DE) pair of spacecraft provide a unique opportunity to search for the presence electric fields aligned parallel magnetic field lines by sampling, nearly simultaneously, velocity‐space distribution functions ions and electrons at two points on auroral lines: DE 1 high altitudes (9000–15,000 km in this study) 2 low (400–800 km). Three independent techniques are used infer electrostatic potential difference from particle distributions: (1) energy precipitating (compared...
Nearly simultaneous measurements of auroral zone electric fields are obtained by the Dynamics Explorer spacecraft at altitudes below 900 km and above 4500 during magnetic conjunctions. The measured usually nearly perpendicular to field lines. north‐south meridional “projected” a common altitude mapping function which accounts for convergence When plotted as invariant latitude, graphs projected both DE 1 2 show that large‐scale is same altitudes, expected. Superimposed on fields, however,...