The diffusion of rumors on social media generally follows a propagation tree structure, which provides valuable clues how an original message is transmitted and responded by users over time. Recent studies reveal that rumor verification stance detection are two relevant tasks can jointly enhance each other despite their differences. For example, be debunked cross-checking the stances conveyed posts, also conditioned nature rumor. However, typically requires large training set labeled at post...

The sine waveguide (SWG) is presented as a potential slow-wave structure (SWS) for the millimeter-wave (mm-wave) and terahertz (THz) traveling-wave tube (TWT) because of advantages wide bandwidth, natural electron beam tunnel, easy fabrication. In particular, this theoretical study indicates that transmission loss SWG far less than folded SWS, which widely employed in mm-wave THz TWT. Here, flat-roofed circuit working <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...

This article reports a slow-wave structure (SWS) working at 1 THz which can be fabricated through nano-computer numerical control (nano-CNC) technology for the first time. First, deformed quasi sine waveguide (D-QSWG) SWS has been designed and simulated in this article. To reduce metal loss of input output waveguide, coupler transit to over mode rectangular designed. The simulation result shows that waveguides with have lower than WR1 waveguide. fabricate D-QSWG SWS, tungsten steel endmills...

In this article, a 1-THz traveling-wave tube (TWT) based on flat-roofed sine waveguide (SWG) slow wave structure (SWS) has been studied theoretically and experimentally, parts of the component have fabricated. First, SWG SWS optimized for working at 1 THz, normalized phase velocity is around 0.287, interaction impedance over 3.5 Ω in frequency range 1.02-1.04 THz. Meanwhile, performance designed TWT simulated, whose saturated output power 720 mW corresponding gain 28.57 dB. What more, to...

Meander lines (MLs) in two configurations are presented to reduce the mutual coupling (MC) between microstrip patch antenna elements. Inserting a slot ground plane elements is simple method MC, while adding MLs of can further MC. In first configuration, one ML inserted and maximum MC reduction 39 dB throughout −10 bandwidth achieved. What’s more, radiation patterns not changed compared with dual-element array slotted ground. For second added It found that isolation 53 be obtained. However,...

The electron optical systems (EOS) play a vital role in vacuum devices (VED). This letter reported the design and experiments of sheet EOS for 1.03 THz traveling wave tube (TWT). A high-current-density beam (SEB) gun generating up to 20.3-mA at 22.4-kV is designed, based on requirements this TWT. Due very high operating frequency, more than 1 THz, miniature tunnel waist with dimension 0.05 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...

An innovative complementary electric split-ring resonator metamaterial (MTM) structure applied as the slow-wave circuit for a cascade backward-wave oscillator (CBWO) operating in C-band is studied this paper. The idea of drift tube multiresonant cavity extended interaction klystron borrowed to design novel (BWO). construction device features two BWOs separated by short cutoff waveguide permitting flow electron beam and stopping electromagnetic wave. high-frequency characteristics are...

In this letter, the modified flat-roofed sine waveguide slow-wave structure (FRSWG-SWS) is proposed for wideband high-power sub-terahertz traveling-wave tube (sub-THz TWT), which possesses advantages of wide operating bandwidth, low loss, minimal reflection, and ease fabrication. The simulation results demonstrate that transmission parameter more than −5.0 dB in frequency range between 210 250 GHz. beam–wave interaction indicate FRSWG can provide over 50 W output power 30 gain from 205 to...

The age of social media is flooded with Internet memes, necessitating a clear grasp and effective identification harmful ones. This task presents significant challenge due to the implicit meaning embedded in which not explicitly conveyed through surface text image. However, existing meme detection methods do present readable explanations that unveil such support their decisions. In this paper, we propose an explainable approach detect achieved reasoning over conflicting rationales from both...

The detection of fake news often requires sophisticated reasoning skills, such as logically combining information by considering word-level subtle clues. In this paper, we move towards fine-grained for better reflecting the logical processes human thinking and enabling modeling particular, propose a framework following information-processing model, introduce mutual-reinforcement-based method incorporating knowledge about which evidence is more important, design prior-aware bi-channel kernel...

The W-band flat-roofed sine waveguide (SWG) slow wave circuit was designed and processed in this article. Considering the limitations on present practical fabrication level, sensitivity analysis performed potential influencing factors for performance of SWG structure (SWS). As indicated by calculation results, gap between SWSs side-wall strips could have a significant impact dispersion, interaction impedance, transmission entire circuit. Based theoretical analysis, two types circuits were...

In this article, two types of compact and effective input output couplers for a 6-18 GHz 5-kW-level helix traveling wave tube (TWT) are designed, fabricated, cold- tested. The coupler section includes an impedance transformer, conical coaxial window, transition to subminiature version A (SMA) connector radio frequency (RF) input. For achieving high-power output, new type double-ridged waveguide window is used in the coupling section. structure consists standard (WRD650), square sapphire...

In this paper, meander line (ML) as a parasitic configuration is introduced to reduce the mutual coupling (MC) between two microstrip patch antenna elements. Inserting slot in middle of ground plane simple method MC, by adding ML proper position can further MC. Along with letter, several prototypes have been fabricated and measured. The simulated results show close agreement experimental results, which that maximum MC reduction 40dB be achieved.

The transport of sheet electron beam (SEB) is critical importance for the success a number high-power millimeter wave and terahertz vacuum devices. In this paper, condition to achieve SEB's stable in uniform longitudinal magnetic field studied. Based on stability condition, new approach, named matching focusing (SEB-MFM) field, which consists component tiny transverse component, presented. SEB-MFM can be generated by adding extra transversely magnetized magnets conventional (UM) system. For...

A phase shift that is caused by the machining errors of independent circuits would greatly affect efficiency power combination in traditional multi-beam structures. In this paper, to reduce influence and improve output power, a shunted coupling sine waveguide slow wave structure (MBSC-SWG-SWS) has been proposed, overmoded flat-roofed SWG traveling tube (TWT) based on MBSC-SWG-SWS was designed analyzed. TE10-TE30 mode convertor as input/output coupler TWT. The results 3D particle-in-cell...

To increase the output power of microstrip line traveling-wave tubes, a staggered rings (SRML) slow-wave structure (SWS) based on U-shaped mender (U-shaped ML) SWS and ring-shaped (RML) has been proposed in this paper. Compared with ML RML SWS, SRML wider transverse width, which means larger area for beam–wave interaction. The simulation results show that bandwidth than lower phase velocity SWS. Input/output couplers, consist probes transition sections, have designed to transmit signals from...

In this article, a potentially pseudoperiodic slow wave structure (SWS) for broadband, high-power, helix traveling-wave tube (TWT) is studied. The considered here suppresses the back-wave oscillations caused by large working current. These do not have conventional uniform pitch distributions in radial dimension; rather, two configurations studied article are gradient and conical helix. Through reasonable design number of calculations, entire consists four tapered, pitch-varying SWSs....

The particle damping technique has been in development for several decades, and used successfully many fields.However, it is difficult to predict its characteristics due complex collisions friction mechanisms, as well high non-linear dense particles.The focus of these current main achievements centralized on the equivalent single degree freedom (SDOF) system under free forced vibration.In this paper, a brand new co-simulation approach continuum structure based multiphase flow theory (MFT)...

The truth is significantly hampered by massive rumors that spread along with breaking news or popular topics. Since there sufficient corpus gathered from the same domain for model training, existing rumor detection algorithms show promising performance on yesterday's news. However, due to a lack of substantial training data and prior expert knowledge, they are poor at spotting concerning unforeseen events, especially those propagated in different languages (i.e., low-resource regimes). In...

A novel power amplifier unit for a phased array radar with 2 × output ports vacuum electron device is proposed. Double parallel connecting microstrip meander-lines are employed as the slow-wave circuits of large traveling wave tube operate in Ka-band. The high frequency characteristics, transmission and beam–wave interaction processes this simulated optimized. For each port one channel, simulation results reveal that power, saturated gain, 3-dB bandwidth can reach 566 W, 27.5 dB, 7 GHz,...

A sine waveguide (SWG) traveling-wave tube with sheet electron beam tunnel is proposed to amplify the high-frequency terahertz wave. In this study, slow wave characteristics including dispersion properties and interaction impedances have been investigated by using eigenmode solver in 3D electromagnetic simulation software Ansoft HFSS. The truncated SWG structure possesses relatively large average coupling impedance. beam–wave of are calculated CST. From particle-in-cell results, circuit can...

There is an increasing interest for the high-power, high-frequency electromagnetic wave generation by sheet electron beam (SEB) vacuum devices, and in which, transport of SEB conducted periodic cusped magnetic (PCM) a key issue. While PCM will meet serious challenges especially case high current density low kinetic energy electrons, analysis indicates that easy breaking stability focused may be caused tiny deviation transverse field from theoretical value. To guarantee stable long-distance...

Learning multi-task models for jointly detecting stance and verifying rumors poses challenges due to the need training data of at post level rumor veracity claim level, which are difficult obtain. To address this issue, we leverage large language (LLMs) as foundation annotators joint detection (SD) verification (RV) tasks, dubbed JSDRV. We introduce a novel reinforcement tuning framework enhance predictive capabilities LLM-based SD RV components. Specifically, devise policy selecting...

A novel slow-wave structure (SWS) named angular log-periodic folded groove waveguide was proposed in this paper, which mainly used traveling wave tube (TWT) for G-band. Due to the design idea owing combination of and form, new SWS possess several advantages from them. Low operation voltage weak dispersion electromagnetic are merits In addition, a modified equation calculate phase velocity radial direction proposed. end, one designed 38.8W output power at 198GHz, gain is 18.8dB when set 8080V.