We propose a new strip/slot hybrid waveguide with double slots, which exhibits flat and low dispersion over 1098-nm bandwidth four zero-dispersion wavelengths. Dispersion of dual-slot silicon is mainly determined by mode transition from strip to slot rather than material dispersion. tailoring investigated tuning different structural parameters waveguides. Moreover, nonlinear coefficient phase-matching condition in FWM are both explored detail. The can be used generate supercontinuum...

Liquid crystals (LCs) have been studied extensively in the visible range for their dielectric tunability, and characterisation terahertz (THz) has gained increasing interest due to need active THz modulation switching devices. In this paper, we use time-domain spectroscopy measure frequency-dependent birefringence absorption coefficient of a number commercial non-commercial nematic LCs, including E7, BL037, MDA-98-1602, LCMS-107, GT3-23001 1825, over bias voltages at room temperature....

A flexible three-dimensional WSe₂/C nanofiber was reported and investigated by the <italic>in situ</italic> TEM, which finally exhibited high reversible cycling capability ultra-long lifespan up to 10 000 cycles at ultrahigh rate.

We propose and demonstrate an approach to generate stable high extinction ratio light pulses with 80 dB. To this end, a bias locking technique is proposed, small size, easily integrated, cost-effective pulse generator based on delay line chips designed constructed. The can voltage >12.5 V at load impedance of 50 Ω, which enough drive the lithium niobate-based Mach-Zehnder (LNMZ) intensity modulator half wave ~6-8 V. width time be programmed directly via digital I/O ports. utilizes successive...

Novel FRET-based small molecule probes targeting monoamine oxidases (MAOs) were designed and synthesized. These "Turn-ON" fluorescent proved to be capable of directly reporting MAO activities in live mammalian cells.

We propose joint bandwidth provisioning and base station caching for video delivery in software-defined PONs. Performance evaluation via custom simulation models reveals 30% increase served requests 50% reduction service response delays.

In this paper, we present a novel low-loss splice for use between the photonic bandgap fiber (PBGF) and conventional solid-core to make PBGFs more functional. Furthermore, hollow-core holes in cladding of PBGF act as gas pipes. Using proposed splice, measurement system low concentrations based on cell has been developed implemented. Experiments measuring ammonia (NH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) at ppm level were...

A width-modulated silicon waveguide is proposed to realize non-degenerate phase sensitive optical parametric amplification. It found that the relative at input of amplifier (PSA) θIn-PSA can be tuned by tailoring width and length second segment waveguide, which will influence gain in amplification process. The maximum PSA larger 9 dB compared with insensitive (PIA) gain, bandwidth 35 nm PIA. Our on-chip find important potential applications highly integrated circuits for chip-to-chip...

In this paper, we presented the double optical path length of a photonic bandgap fiber (PBGF) gas cell. The sensor sensitivity can be improved by two fold lengthening without changing fluid. Furthermore, high-reflection micromirror was included in proposed A Cr/Au sputtering process applied to fabricate vertical using single-mode (SMF). measurement system for low concentrations based on has been implemented, and increasing response time.

In this paper, we report the research progress of a recently developed quartz micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS)-based capacitive tilt sensor using bulk micromachining technology. The sensor, which is composed sensitive cantilever, proof mass and high-aspect-ratio vertical comb electrodes in wafer thickness, was fabricated an anisotropic wet etching process on 100-µm-thick z-cut wafer. A ceramic package designed for mounting integrating capacitance to digital AD7746 circuit (Analog...

We theoretically propose phase matched terahertz (THz)-wave generation via degenerate four-wave mixing (FWM) in a fiber optical parametric oscillator (FOPO) with our newly designed photonic crystal (PCF). Perfect matching is realized when we locate the pump wavelength normal group-velocity dispersion (GVD) regime. The generated THz-wave can be tuned from 4.7578 to 5.9015 THz by varying wavelength. Moreover, peak power of 27.38 W at conversion efficiency 1.37% 2000 4.675 μm FOPO.

All kinds of power interruption, which cause heavy economic loss to the electrical company and users, occur in operating process distribution networks. Among them, stochastic line fault has a high probability occurrence. Distributed generation (DG) as an environmental independent source drawn worldwide attention. However, introduction DGs brought increase number system components expansion scale systems, make risk assessment management more difficult. Therefore, new method for failure...

The design, fabrication packaging and evaluation of a two-axis quartz MEMS-based capacitive tilt sensor is described. Two same sensing elements are microfabricated using bulk anisotropic wet etching technique on one chip. Sensing element 1 detects the angle around Y axis giving output θ 2 information X axis, γ. Microfabrication efforts made high aspect ratio gap between comb electrodes, good metal step coverage side wall patterning surface leading wire pads. mounted designed ceramic package...

Among few existing applications of Microstructured Optical Fibers, a new device for measurement low gas concentration was designed. Developed set-up based on Photonic Bandgap Fiber (PBGF), which used as cell. Proposed technique allowed reducing sample volume to 0.01 cc. The flow inside core fiber simulated and result confirmed experimentally. During the experimental work several types fibers various parameters were specially designed, produced used. Core diameters ranged from 10.9 μm 700 μm....

In this paper, we presented the double optical path length of a photonic bandgap fiber (PBGF) gas cell. The sensor sensitivity can be improved by two fold lengthening without changing fluid. Furthermore, high-reflection micromirror was included in proposed A Cr/Au sputtering process applied to fabricate vertical using single-mode (SMF). measurement system for low concentrations based on has been implemented, and increasing response time.

A method is presented for the parameter extraction of microwave coupled resonator fllters. The based on estimation a rational model From these functions, circuit network having previously know topology optimized. Two simple and e-cient error functions are used to reduce computational efiort optimization while improving speed robustness diagnosis process lossless lossy fllters, respectively. numerical examples demonstrate e-ciency proposed technique. One deals with simulation data from...

The optimum femtosecond laser direct writing of Bragg gratings on silica optical waveguides has been investigated. waveguide a 6.5 × µm2 cross-sectional profile with 20-µm-thick silicon dioxide cladding layer. Compared conventional grating inscribed fiber platforms, the planar circuit can realize stable performance as well high-efficiency coupling fiber. A thin layer also facilitates focusing an improved spherical aberration. Different from circular core matching Gaussian beam profile,...

Raman amplification based on stimulated Stokes scattering (SSRS) and wavelength conversion coherent anti-Stokes (CARS) are theoretically investigated in silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) waveguides the mid-infrared (IR) region. When linear phase mismatch Δk is close to zero, gain efficiency drop down quickly due effect of parametric suppression when Stokes-pump input ratio sufficiently large. The increases with increase Δk, whereas efficient needs appropriate under different pump intensities. at...

In this paper, we report a novel double-ended tuning fork (DETF) with variable sections. The DETF is fabricated using quartz micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technique and packaged the flip chip technique. central part of vibration beam thinned to enhance force-frequency sensitivity but not decrease frequency. mechanical quality factor (Q value) can also be maintained, which determines noise performance. Three types are designed fixed length 4 mm. characteristics (vibration frequency,...

Abstract:The electric power shortages in China the period from 2002 to 2007 had pervasive effects. How measure economic costs of becomes one central questions interest regulators, industrial users, and investors. The current study estimates objective outage users using an adjusted Tobit model survey data on 812 firms six provinces during 2002–5. Empirical results show that are higher than willingness pay avoid outages, but lower accept implying loss averse.

In this paper, we surveyed potential wavelength references in U-band region. The hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber (PBGF) filled with methane (CH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> ) gas is used as a cell. experimental results clearly indicate that the weak absorption lines of can be division multiplexing (WDM) channel due to long interaction path length provided by PBGF. CH are useful 1625-1700 nm addition, have measured...

In this paper we develop a numerical procedure using finite element and augmented Lagrangian meth-ods that simulates electro-mechanical pull-in states of both cantilever fixed beams in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) switches. We devise the methods for well-known Euler-Bernoulli beam equation which also takes into consideration fringing effect electric field to allow smooth transi-tion between center edges beam. The results obtained by are tabulated compared with some existing MEMS...