Human co-infection with Plasmodium falciparum and helminths is ubiquitous throughout Africa, although its public health significance remains a topic for which there are many unknowns. In this review, we adopted an empirical approach to studying the geography epidemiology of associations between patterns hemoglobin in different age groups. Analysis highlights extensive geographic overlap P. major human helminth infections population at coincident risk infection greatest hookworm. Age profiles...

Summary The epidemiology of malaria over small areas remains poorly understood, and this is particularly true for during epidemics in highland Africa, where transmission intensity low characterized by acute within between year variations. We report an analysis the spatial distribution clinical epidemic investigate putative risk factors. Active case surveillance was undertaken three schools Nandi District, Western Kenya 10 weeks a outbreak May–July 2002. Household surveys cases age‐matched...

We conducted a longitudinal study among 827 pregnant women in Nyanza Province, western Kenya, to determine the effect of earth-eating on geohelminth reinfection after treatment. The were recruited at gestational age 14–24 weeks (median: 17) and followed up 6 months postpartum. median was 23 (range: 14–47) years, parity 2 0–11). After deworming with mebendazole (500 mg, single dose) those found infected 32 gestation, 700 uninfected Ascaris lumbricoides, 670 Trichuris trichiura 479 hookworm....

Anaemia is multi-factorial in origin and disentangling its aetiology remains problematic, with surprisingly few studies investigating the relative contribution of different parasitic infections to anaemia amongst schoolchildren. We report cross-sectional data on haemoglobin, malaria parasitaemia, helminth infection undernutrition among 1523 schoolchildren enrolled classes 5 6 (aged 10-21 years) 30 primary schools western Kenya. Bayesian hierarchical modelling was used investigate putative...

Malaria transmission in arid and semi-arid regions of Kenya such as Baringo County, is seasonal often influenced by climatic factors. Unravelling the relationship between climate variables malaria dynamics therefore instrumental developing effective control strategies. The main aim this study was to describe effects variability rainfall, maximum temperature vegetation indices on trends selected health facilities within Kenya. Climate sourced from International Research Institute...

The diversity of traditional foods in Kisumu West District Western Kenya was assessed with an aim to identify the a potential for complementary feeding. Leaves were most consumed plant part amongst vegetables, while few fruits together their seeds. Amaranthus cruentus L. found be as leafy vegetable another variety, hybridus grain. Four species winged termites, grasshopper, black ant and dagaa fish also identified. Twelve associated nutritional health benefits perceived by locals. Traditional...

To compare the effects of intermittent treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) given during second and third trimester pregnancy, use insecticide-treated nets (ITN), or combination both on haemoglobin (Hb) levels a randomized, placebo-controlled intervention trial was conducted in malaria-endemic area western Kenya from July 1997 to September 1999. Primigravidae secundigravidae were enrolled into study randomized 4 groups: (i) ITNs SP, (ii) placebo (iii) SP alone, (iv) SP. All groups...

<p>We assessed acceptability of two flours and porridges complementary foods based on germinated grain amaranth maize with or without edible termites <em>dagaa </em>small fish named “Winfood Classic” (WFC) Lite” (WFL), respectively, compared to Corn Soy Blend Plus (CSB+) among mothers young children. A total 57 children consumed each the three separate days one-day washout between foods. Each food was considered acceptable if child at least 75% serving. Most preferred WFL...

Application of edible insects in complementary food production has not been studied much. This study developed and evaluated foods based on termites to combat child malnutrition Kenya. Two foods, Winfood Classic (W-C; containing dagaa fish) Lite (W-L; without were formulated processed by extrusion cooking. Their nutrient content, functional properties, storage stability cost the using standard methods. W-C contained significantly higher ( P< 0.001) levels 423.6 kcal/100 g energy, 19.1...

Malaria, a major cause of morbidity and mortality, is the most prevalent vector borne disease in Baringo County; region which has varied house designs arid semi-arid areas. This study investigated association between structures indoor-malaria abundance County. The density malaria vectors houses with open eaves was higher than that for closed eaves. Grass thatched roof had corrugated iron sheet roofs. Similarly, mud walled other wall types. Houses riverine zone were significantly associated...

Geophagy was studied among 827 pregnant women in western Kenya, during and after pregnancy. The were recruited at a gestational age of 14-24 weeks followed-up to 6 months post-partum. median (range) the 23 years parity 2. At recruitment, 378 eating earth, which most (65%) reported earth-eating before preferred type earth eaten soft stone, known locally as odowa (54.2%) from termite mounds (42.8%). prevalence remained high pregnancy, then declined 34.5% 29.6% 3 post-partum respectively (P <...

Community Case Management of malaria (CCMm) is one the new approaches adopted by World Health Organization for endemic countries to reduce burden vulnerable populations. It based on evidence that well-trained and supervised community health workers (CHWs) can provide prompt adequate treatment fever cases within 24 h help morbidity mortality associated with among under-five children. The perception attitudes members CHWs' role greater importance acceptance their services. aim study was assess...

Malaria causes the greatest public health burden in sub-Saharan Africa where high mortality occurs mainly children under 5 years of age. Traditionally, malaria has been reported lowlands endemic regions western Kenya, while highlands Rift Valley have relatively free except for sporadic epidemics some areas. Baringo County is located Kenyan highlands. The county generally experiences seasonal transmission malaria. A few hotspots which experience continuous do however exist. objective this...

Research in malaria-endemic areas is usually focused on malaria during early childhood. Less known about among older school age children. The incidence of clinical attacks was monitored, using active case detection primary schools, two western Kenya that differ the intensity transmission. Clinical more common schools Nandi highlands, with a six-fold higher epidemic 2002, compared children living holoendemic area intense perennial transmission same period. high coupled parasite densities...

Abstract Background Awareness of the potential impact malaria among school-age children has stimulated investigation into interventions that can be delivered through schools. However, little evidence is available on costs and cost-effectiveness intervention options. This paper evaluates intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) as by teachers in schools western Kenya. Methods Information actual drug non-drug associated were collected from expenditure salary records, government budgets...

The global increase in vector borne diseases has been linked to climate change. Seasonal vegetation changes are known influence disease population. However, the relationship is more theoretical than quantitatively defined. There a growing demand for understanding and prediction of sensitive risks especially regions where meteorological data lacking. This study aimed at analyzing assessing seasonal year-to-year association between climatic factors (rainfall temperature) cover, its...

The impact of quality complementary food products on infant growth and body composition has not been adequately investigated. This study evaluated the effect fat-free mass (FFM) accrual, linear growth, iron status locally produced comparing to a standard product. In randomized, double-blind trial, 499 infants at 6 months received nine monthly rations (a) WinFood Classic (WFC) comprising germinated amaranth (71%), maize (10.4%), small fish (3%), edible termites (10%); (b) Lite (WFL) (82.5%),...

Baseline information that is essential for determining the areas to target with larval control includes estimates of vector diversity and habitat preferences. Due a lack such in Baringo County, Kenya, this study assessed species preference potential mosquito vectors Rift Valley fever (RVF) malaria.Mosquito larvae were sampled from nine types habitats identified morphologically. Species was estimated by Shannon's index while RVF malaria determined ANOVA.A total 7724 immature mosquitoes...

BackgroundRift Valley fever (RVF) is a vector-borne zoonotic disease that has an impact on human health and animal productivity. Here, we explore the use of vector presence modelling to predict distribution RVF species under climate change scenario demonstrate potential for geographic spread Rift virus (RVFV).ObjectivesTo evaluate effect in Baringo County, Kenya, with aim developing risk map spatial prediction outbreaks.MethodologyThe study used data ecological niche (MaxEnt) algorithm...