A5050734258- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Travel-related health issues
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Aquatic Ecosystems and Biodiversity
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
University of Nairobi
2021-2023
International Centre for Reproductive Health Kenya
2021-2023
Maseno University
2021-2022
Kenyatta University
2017
Abstract Background Malaria control in Kenya is based on case management and vector using long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) indoor residual spraying (IRS). However, the development of insecticide resistance compromises effectiveness insecticide-based programs. The use pesticides for agricultural purposes has been implicated as one sources driving selection resistance. current study was undertaken to assess status mechanism malaria vectors irrigated non-irrigated areas with varying...
Malaria causes the greatest public health burden in sub-Saharan Africa where high mortality occurs mainly children under 5 years of age. Traditionally, malaria has been reported lowlands endemic regions western Kenya, while highlands Rift Valley have relatively free except for sporadic epidemics some areas. Baringo County is located Kenyan highlands. The county generally experiences seasonal transmission malaria. A few hotspots which experience continuous do however exist. objective this...
Persons with submicroscopic malaria infection are a major reservoir of gametocytes that sustain transmission in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite recent decreases the national burden Kenya due to vector control interventions, continues be high western regions country bordering Lake Victoria. The objective this study was advance knowledge topographical, demographic and behavioral risk factors associated Victoria basin Kisumu County.
Abstract Background In western Kenya, not all malaria cases are reported as stipulated in the community case management of (CCMm) strategy. This underreporting affects equity distribution commodities and evaluation interventions. The current study aimed to evaluate effectiveness health volunteers’ active detection Kenya. Methods Cross-sectional (ACD) survey was carried out between May August 2021 three eco-epidemiologically distinct zones Kisumu, Kenya: Kano Plains, Lowland lakeshore...
Abstract Background The gold standard for diagnosing Plasmodium falciparum infection is microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained peripheral blood smears. effectiveness this procedure surveillance and malaria control may be limited by a relatively high parasitaemia detection threshold. Persons with microscopically undetectable infections go untreated, contributing to ongoing transmission mosquito vectors. purpose study was determine the magnitude determinants undiagnosed submicroscopic P. in...
Abstract Background Evolutionary pressures lead to the selection of efficient malaria vectors either resistant or susceptible Plasmodium parasites. These forces may favour introduction species genotypes that adapt new breeding habitats, potentially having an impact on transmission. Thioester-containing protein 1 (TEP1) Anopheles gambiae complex plays important role in innate immune defenses against This study aims characterize distribution pattern TEP1 polymorphisms among populations An....
Background Leading transmission-blocking vaccine candidates such as Plasmodium falciparum surface protein 25 ( Pfs25 gene) may undergo antigenic alterations which render them ineffective or allele-specific. This study examines the level of genetic diversity, signature selection and drivers polymorphisms parasites population in regions western Kenya with varying malaria transmission intensities. Methods Dry blood spots (DBS) were collected 2018 2019 from febrile outpatients at health...
Abstract Background Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) have been the primary vector control strategy until indoor residual spraying (IRS) was added in Homa Bay and Migori Counties western Kenya. The objective of this study to evaluate impact LLINs integrated with IRS on prevalence asymptomatic submicroscopic Plasmodium infections County. Methods A two-stage cluster sampling procedure employed enroll participants aged ≥ 6 months old. Four consecutive community cross-sectional surveys for...
Irrigation not only helps to improve food security but also creates numerous water bodies for mosquito production. This study assessed the effect of irrigation on malaria vector bionomics and transmission in a semi-arid site with ongoing control program. The effectiveness CDC light traps surveillance vectors was evaluated relative human landing catches (HLCs) method. Adult mosquitoes were sampled two sites representing irrigated non-irrigated agroecosystems western Kenya using variety...
Several sub-Saharan African countries rely on irrigation for food production. This study examined the impact of environmental modifications resulting from ecology aquatic stages malaria vectors in a semi-arid region western Kenya. Mosquito larvae were collected irrigated and non-irrigated ecosystems during seasonal cross-sectional monthly longitudinal studies to assess habitat availability, stability, productivity anophelines temporary, semipermanent, permanent habitats dry wet seasons. The...
Plasmodium falciparum parasites have evolved genetic adaptations to overcome immune responses mounted by diverse Anopheles vectors hindering malaria control efforts. surface protein Pfs47 is critical in the parasite’s survival manipulating vector’s system hence a promising target for blocking transmission mosquito. This study aimed examine diversity, haplotype distribution, and population structure of its implications on infections endemic lowlands Western Kenya. Cross-sectional mass blood...
Accurate malaria diagnosis and timely treatment are requirements for effective management of the disease. However, efficacy may be significantly reduced in resource-constrained healthcare facilities with poorly equipped laboratories frequent drug rapid diagnostic test kit (RDT) stock-outs. Furthermore, patient avoid seeking from such facilities. The study’s goal was to determine treatment-seeking behavior, quality, likely determinants local population. Passive case detection, which targeted...
Malaria in western Kenya is currently characterized by sustained high Plasmodial transmission and infection resurgence, despite positive responses some areas following intensified malaria control interventions since 2006. This study aimed to evaluate long-term changes profiles assess patterns of asymptomatic infections school children aged 5-15 years at three sites with heterogeneous simultaneous interventions.The was conducted from 2018 2019 based on data taken every third year 2005 2014...
Background: Due to the difficulty in implementing microscopy-based definitive diagnosis of malaria especially resource-poor areas, rapid diagnostic test (RDT) kits as alternatives have been developed by different companies. Kits from companies may differ sensitivity and specificity. It is therefore imperative conduct field evaluation manufacturers before they are recommended for widespread use malaria. The present study sought evaluate performance RDT two against microscopy detection...
Expanding agricultural irrigation efforts to enhance food security and socioeconomic development in sub-Saharan Africa may affect malaria transmission variables that increase the risk of anemia local communities. We compared prevalence anemia, Plasmodium falciparum infection, indicators status related nutrition communities Homa Bay County, Kenya, where an scheme has been implemented, nearby there is no irrigation. Cross-sectional surveys conducted showed defined by WHO criteria (hemoglobin <...
Abstract Background Long lasting insecticidal bednets (LLINs) have been the primary vector control strategy until indoor residual spraying (IRS) was added in Homa Bay and Migori Counties western Kenya. The objective of this study to evaluate impact LLINs integrated with organophosphate-based (Actellic 300 CS) IRS on prevalence asymptomatic submicroscopic Plasmodium species infections County. Methods Four consecutive community cross-sectional surveys for infection were conducted residents...
Abstract Accurate diagnosis and timely treatment are central requirements for effective malaria management in communities. However, resource-constrained settings, healthcare facilities likely to be few, inaccessible, ill-equipped with frequent drug or rapid diagnostic test kit (RDT) shortages. This may jeopardize much-needed quality care patients have an impact on treatment-seeking behavior among the local population. The study’s goal is determine behavior, treatment, determinants Passive...
Abstract Background Evolutionary pressures lead to the selection of efficient malaria vectors either resistant or susceptible Plasmodium parasites.These forcesmay elevate introduction new species genotypes that adapt breeding habitats which could have serious implications on transmission.Thioester-containing protein 1 (TEP1) Anopheles gambiae plays an important role in innate immune defenses against parasites. This study aims characterize distribution pattern TEP1 polymorphisms determining...