In outbreaks of infectious disease, medical students are easily overlooked in the management healthcare personnel protection although they serve clinical clerkships hospitals. early summer 2015, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) struck South Korea, and Sungkyunkwan University School Medicine (SKKUSOM) were at risk contracting disease. The purpose this report is to share SKKUSOM's experience against MERS outbreak provide suggestions for schools consider face similar challenges.Through a...

Neurotrophins protect neurons against excitotoxicity; however the signaling mechanisms for this protection remain to be fully elucidated. Here we report that activation of phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway is critical hippocampal cells from staurosporine (STS) induced apoptosis, characterized by nuclear condensation and caspase cascade. Both nerve growth factor (NGF) brain-derived (BDNF) prevent STS-induced apoptotic morphology caspase-3 activity upregulating phosphorylation...

B23/NPM is a major nucleolar phosphoprotein that has critical role in cell proliferation and death. Here, we show it forms complex with Akt on growth factor (GF) stimulation both the cytoplasm nucleus, for which activation indispensable. The C terminus of B23 (239-294 residues) potently binds pleckstrin homology (PH) domain Akt. binding to protects from proteolytic degradation by caspase-3, leading up-regulation survival. Interestingly, unsumoylated K263R, but not wild-type B23, strongly...

B23/nucleophosmin is a multifunctional protein that participates in cell survival signaling by shuttling between the nucleolus/nucleoplasm and nucleus/cytoplasm. In this paper, we report novel neuroprotective function of B23 through regulation SIAH1–glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) death cascade. physiologically bound to both SIAH1 GAPDH, disrupting SIAH1–GAPDH complex nucleus response nitrosative stress. S-nitrosylation at cysteine 275 trans-nitrosylation from GAPDH...

Previously, the perivascular characteristics of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were reported, which suggested potential application DPSCs as cell source. In this study, we investigated whether had angiogenic capacity by coinjection with human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVECs) in vivo; addition, determined role stromal cell-derived factor 1- α (SDF-1 ) and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) axis mutual interaction between HUVECs. Primarily isolated showed mesenchymal cell- (MSC-) like...

Mechanistic studies of axon growth during development are beneficial to the search for neuron-intrinsic regulators regeneration. Here, we discovered that, in developing neuron from rat, Akt signaling regulates and cone formation through phosphorylation serine 14 (S14) on Inhibitor DNA binding 2 (Id2). This enhances Id2 protein stability by means escape proteasomal degradation, steers its localization cone, where interacts with radixin that is critical formation. Knockdown Id2, or abrogation...

Abstract Although the essential role of protein kinase B (PKB)/Akt in cell survival signaling has been clearly established, mechanism by which Akt mediates cellular response to hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O )-induced oxidative stress remains unclear. We demonstrated that attenuated neuronal apoptosis through direct association with histone 2A (H2A) and phosphorylation H2A at threonine 17. At early time points during H exposure PC12 cells primary hippocampal neurons, when can tolerate level DNA...

(+)-Deoxoartelinic acid (13), a new hydrolytically stable, water-soluble, and potent non-acetal-type antimalarial drug candidate, was successfully prepared from artemisinic by using sulfur ylide photooxygenative cyclization in seven steps. This compound showed superior vitro activity against the chloroquine-resistant K1 strain of Plasmodium falciparum higher suppression (98.7%) than arteether vivo chabaudi infected mice. also remarkable stability with half-life 258.66 h, 23 times more stable...

Although the short isoform of ErbB3-binding protein 1 (Ebp1), p42 has been considered to be a potent tumor suppressor in number human cancers, whether suppresses tumorigenesis lung cancer cells never clarified. In current study we investigated role non-small cell cells. Our data suggest that expression level is inversely correlated with cancerous properties NSCLC and ectopic sufficient inhibit proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, invasion as well growth vivo. Interestingly, Akt...

Abstract Research on human nail tissue has been limited by the restricted access to fresh specimen. Here, we studied transcriptome profiles of units using polydactyly specimens. Single-cell RNAseq with 11,541 cells from 4 extra digits revealed nail-specific mesenchymal and epithelial cell populations, characterized RSPO4 (major gene in congenital anonychia) SPINK6 , respectively. In situ RNA hybridization demonstrated localization RSPO4, MSX1 WIF1 onychofibroblasts suggesting activation WNT...

Phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate (<TEX>$PIP_3$</TEX>) is a lipid second messenger that employs wide range of downstream effector proteins for the regulation cellular processes, including cell survival, polarization and proliferation. One most well characterized cytoplasmic targets <TEX>$PIP_3$</TEX>, serine/threonine protein kinase B (PKB)/Akt, promotes survival by directly interacting with nucleophosmin (NPM)/B23, nuclear target <TEX>$PIP_3$</TEX>. Here, we report...

Synthesis of the unique trisaccharide repeating unit O-polysaccharide lipopolysaccharide from Danish Helicobacter pylori strains has been accomplished. Key steps include coupling three monosaccharide moieties by glycosylations employing 2'-carboxybenzyl glycoside method. Also presented is a method for synthesis novel branched sugar, 3-C-methyl-d-mannose, which one components.

Epidermal keratinocytes overgrow in response to ultraviolet-B (UVB), which may be associated with skin photoaging and cancer development. Recently, we found that HIF-1alpha controls the keratinocyte cell cycle thereby contributes epidermal homeostasis. A further study demonstrated is down-regulated by UVB this process involved UVB-induced hyperplasia. Therefore, hypothesized forced expression of would prevent overgrowth. Among several agents known induce HIF-1alpha, pyrithione-zinc (Py-Zn)...

In addition to its pivotal role in neuronal survival, PI3K/Akt signaling is integral differentiation and neurite outgrowth. However, the exact of Akt still controversial. Here, we found that nuclear expression CA-Akt resulted unusual rapid outgrowth overexpression KD-Akt caused multiple dendrite growth without specific axon elongation. Moreover, microarray data revealed FOXQ1 was about 10-fold higher cells with nuclear, active than control cells. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed...

Mismatches between pre-clinical and clinical results of stem cell therapeutics for ischemic stroke limit their applicability. To overcome these discrepancies, precise planning experiments that can be translated to trials the scientific elucidation treatment mechanisms is important. In this study, adult human neural cells (ahNSCs) derived from temporal lobe surgical samples were used (to avoid ethical safety issues), therapeutic effects on examined using middle cerebral artery occlusion...

Here, we show that Nucleophsomin/B23 provides lysine 263 as a critical binding site for ATP. Mutagenesis of to asparagine (K263N) disrupts B23 from ATP binding. While WT exclusively localizes the nucleolus, B23‐K263N is redistributed nucleolus nucleoplam. Notably, K263N mutant unstable, and displayed rapid degradation. Alteration K263 induced instability through increased ubiquitination proteaosomal Moreover, mutation impedes mitogenic effect in PC12 cells. Thus, required stability,...

Neural stem cells are emerging as a regenerative therapy for spinal cord injury (SCI), since they differentiate into functional neural and secrete beneficial paracrine factors the damaged microenvironment. Previously, we successfully isolated cultured adult human multipotent (ahMNCs) from temporal lobes of epileptic patients. In this study, investigated therapeutic efficacy treatment mechanism ahMNCs SCI using rodent models. When 1 × 106 were transplanted injured cords at 7 days after...

Stem cell-based therapeutics are amongst the most promising next-generation therapeutic approaches for treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI), as they may promote repair or regeneration damaged tissues. However, preclinical optimization should be performed before clinical application to guarantee safety and effect. Here, we investigated optimal injection route dose adult human multipotent neural cells (ahMNCs) from patients with hemorrhagic stroke using an SCI animal model. ahMNCs demonstrate...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is damage which caused by the impact of external mechanical forces. TBI can lead to temporary or permanent impairment physical and cognitive abilities, resulting in abnormal behavior. We recently observed that a single session early exercise animals with improved their behavioral performance absence other abnormalities. In present study, we investigated therapeutic effects continuous during stages rats. found low-intensity early-stage improves locomotion recovery...

Establishing transepithelial ion disparities is crucial for sensory functions in animals. In insect organs called sensilla, a potential, known as the sensillum potential (SP), arises through active transport across accessory cells, sensitizing receptor neurons such mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors. Because multiple are often co-housed share SP, niche-prevalent overstimulation of single can compromise neighboring receptors by depleting SP. However, how depletion prevented to maintain...